论文打印格式.docx

论文打印格式.docx

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论文打印格式

Contents

Abstract

Abstract:

Symbolismisthepracticeofrepresentingthingsbymeansofsymbols,whichiscommonlyusedinanumberofliteraryworks.Therefore,thestudyofsymbolisminliteraryworksbecomessignificantinordertohaveagoodunderstandingoftheliteraryworks.Thepurposeofthispaperistoanalyzethesymbolismin"TheChrysanthemums",whichhelpstoenhanceanddeliverabetterstorytothereaders.What’smore,thankstothesesymbols,thisarticleleavesthereadersamoredeepimpresiononElisaherselfandherlife.JohnSteinbeck'sshortstory,"TheChrysanthemums",thepassageitselfisagoodmartiralforstudyingandotherpreviousgoodpapersalsoworthusingforreference.Symbolismisusedthroughout"TheChrysanthemums",theSalinasValleysymbolizesElisa’semotionallife,thechrysanthemumssymbolizesElisa'schildren,Elisa'sfemininityandsexualityandElisaherself.

Keywords:

Symbolism,TheSalinasValley,TheChrysanthemums

摘要：

象征主义是通过各种象征意象来代表其所象征的事物，而且在文学作品中极为常见。

因此，研究文学作品中的象征主义对于更好地理解文学作品就具有深远的意义。

这篇论文的主要目的就是分析《菊花》中的象征主义，为读者展现一个更好的故事，让读者对于主人公伊利莎和她的生活有一个更加深刻的印象。

《菊花》本身就是一份很好的学习材料，其他对这篇文章进行研究的文章也值得借鉴。

在《菊花》中，整篇文章都贯穿了象征主义，用萨利纳斯山谷比作伊利莎的情感生活，用菊花比作伊利莎的孩子，女子本性和对性的渴望以及她自己本身。

关键词：

象征主义，萨利纳斯山谷，菊花

AnAnalysisofSymbolismin"TheChrysanthemums"

Introduction

JohnSteinbeck'sshortstory,"TheChrysanthemums",itshowsusapanoramicviewoftheSalinasValleyinwinter,shroudedinfog.ThefocusnarrowsandfinallysettlesonElisaAllen,cuttingdownthespentstalksofChrysanthemumsinthegardenonherhusband’sranch.ResearchesaboutSymbolismin"TheChrysanthemums",justfocusononlytheSymbolismoftheChrysanthemumsandanalyzethesymbolsverysimilarandsimple,readerscannothaveaclearideaofthethemeofthearticle.Thepresentstudyextendspreviousreseachesinnotonlytheelaboratecontent,butalsoadeeperexploration.

I.TheSalinasValley

A.TheMetaphorofTheValley

Themetaphorofthevalleyasa“closedpot”suggeststhatElisaistrappedinsideanairlessworld.“Thehighgrey-flannelfogofwinterclosedofftheSalinasValleyfromtheskyandfromalltherestoftheworld.Oneverysideitsatlikealidonthemountainsandmadeofthegreatvalleyaclosedpot.”TheSalinasValleysymbolizesElisa’semotionallife.Thestoryopenswithalengthydescriptionofthevalley,whichSteinbecklikenstoapottoppedwithalidmadeoffog.Themetaphorofthevalleyasa“closedpot”suggeststhatElisaistrappedinsideanairlessworldandthatherexistencehasreachedaboilingpoint.

B.TheSymbolismofTheValley

ThelyricaldescriptionofavalleyisrevealedtobearichsymbolofElisa’sclaustrophobic,unhappy,yethopefulinnerlife.Fromthearticle.wealsolearnthatalthoughthereissunshinenearby,nolightpenetratesthevalley.Sunshineisoftenassociatedwithhappiness,andtheimplicationisthatwhilepeoplenearherarehappy,Elisaisnot.ItisDecember,andtheprevailingatmosphereinthevalleyischillyandwatchfulbutnotyetdevoidofhope.ThisdescriptionoftheweatherandthegeneralspiritsoftheinhabitantsofthevalleyappliesequallywelltoElisa,whoislikeafallowfield:

quietbutnotbeatendownorunabletogrow.WhatfirstseemstobealyricaldescriptionofavalleyinCaliforniaisrevealedtobearichsymbolofElisa’sthatShe’ssodesperatetotranscendthetrapofbeingawomanthatsheseeksanyescapeformhermisery,hardlife.

II.TheChrysanthemums

A.Elisa'sChildren

First,thechrysanthemumssymbolizeElisa'schildren.Shetendshergardenandhandlesthechrysanthemumswithloveandcare,justasshewouldhandleherownchildren.

Elisaisveryprotectiveofherflowersandplacesawirefencearoundthem;shemakessure"noaphids,nosowbugsorsnailsorcutworms"arethere."Herterrierfingersdestroysuchpestsbeforetheycangetstarted".1Thesepestsrepresentnaturalharmtotheflowers,andjustasanygoodmother,sheremovesthembeforetheycanharmherchildren.Thechrysanthemumsaresymbolicofherchildren,andsheisveryproudofthem.WhenElisa'shusbandcomplimentsheronherflowers,sheisproud,and"onherfacethereisalittlesmugness".Sheishappyandpleasedbyherabilitytonurturethesebeautifulflowers.Elisa'sprideinherabilitytogrowsuchbeautifulflowersreinforcesthefactthattheflowersareareplacementforherchildren.

B.Elisa'sFemininityandSexuality.

Second,thechrysanthemumscometosymbolizeElisa'sfemininityandsexuality.TheportraitofElisacaringfortheflowersisclearlyafeminineimage.ThemeetingwiththetinkerrenewsElisa'sfeelingsoffemininityandsexualityasawoman.Byadmiringthechrysanthemums,hefigurativelyadmiresher,itindicatesthatchrysanthemumssymbolizehersexuality.

AsElisamaintainsandcaresforherchrysanthemums,itrepresentsherattemptstomaintainherfeminineaspects.Ifsheweretoletthechrysanthemumsdie,itwouldrepresentthedeathofhersenseofselfandmakeherintoanemptywoman.Thisimageiscarriedoverintoherrelationshipwithherhusband.ElisafeelsthatHenrydoesn'trecognizeorappreciateherfemininity,andthisfeelingcauseshertobeantagonistictowardshim.Thereisanundercurrentofresentmenttowardsherhusband.Henryfailstoseehisshort-comings,butElisafailstopointthemouttohim.Thereisadistinctlackofharmonybetweenthem,whichcausesElisatobecomediscontentedwithHenry.Onobservingherprizeflowers,allHenrycansayis,"Iwishyou'dworkoutintheorchardandraisesomeapplesthatbig".Henry'sinabilitytounderstandElisa'sneedsleaveshervulnerableinherencounterwiththetinker.

WhileElisaisgardening,awagonbeingpulledbyahorsecomesdowntheroad.ThemandrivingthewagonbeginstoconversewithElisaandisultimatelyinterestedindoingsomesmallworktomakesomemoney.Thisiswherethecomplicationbegins.Elisaisnotinterestedingivingthemananyworkbutcontinuestotalkwithhim.AstheconversationprogressesthemanbeginstotalkaboutElisa'schrysanthemumsandElisabecomesexcitedthatthemanhastakeninterestinherhobby.ThemanconvincesElisatogivehimachrysanthemumtogivetoaladyonhisroute.Bygivinghimtheredflowerpotwiththechrysanthemums,shegiveshimthesymbolofherinner-self.Shebeginstofeelhopeforherselfandhermarriageasthetinkerleaves.Sheseesa"brightdirection"andanewbeginningforhermarriage.TheencounterwiththetinkergivesElisahopeandcauseshertoprepareforamorefulfillinglife.

Afterthetinkerleaves,Elisabathes,scrubbingherself"withalittleblockofpumice,legsandthighs,loinsandchestandarms,untilherskinwasscratchedandred".Elisashedsheroldselfbyscrubbingandbringsnewlifeandchange.Shepreparesforhernightoutwithherhusband.Shedresses,lingeringinfrontofthemirrorandadmiresherbody,herfemininity.Sheputsonsheerstockingsandabeautifuldressandleisurelyapplieshermake-up.Sheislookingforwardtohereveningwithherhusband.ShehopesHenrywillrecognizeherneedsasawomanandprovideherwiththeromanceandexcitementforwhichshelongs.However,thishopeisquicklydashed.Henry'sbestcomplimentonherappearanceaftershehaschangedis:

"Youlookstrongenoughtobreakacalfoveryourknee,happyenoughtoeatitlikeawatermelon".Thisunflatteringremarkonherappearancedoesn'tdomuchforElisa'segoasawoman.Herhopeisfinallycrushedwhensheseestheflowersontheroad.Shefeelsdevastatedbythetinker'sthoughtlessrejectionofherverysoul.He,likeherhusband,hasfailedtoappreciatetheveryqualitiesthatmakeheruniqueasawoman.Thisonesymbolicacthasleftherwithnohope.Sherealizesthatherlifeisnotgoingtochange.HerfemininityandsexualityarenevergoingtobefullyappreciatednorunderstoodbyHenry.Shemustlearntobecontentwithanunexcitinghusbandandherless-than-romanticmarriage.ThefloweralsorepresentedanyofElisa'sdreamsofhavingsomeworthtosocietyasawoman.Whensheseestheflowerslyingontheroad,thesedreamsareshatteredandruinedasistheflower.ThisactionleavesElisafeelingrejectedandemotionallydepressed.Herdevastationatthisrealizationiscompleteandleavesher"cryingweakly-likeanoldwoman".2

C.ElisaHerself

Third,thechrysanthemumsarelovely,strong,andthriving,thereforethechrysanthemumssymbolizeElisaherselfandthechrysanthemumstossedonthesideoftheroad,alsosymbolizeElisafeelsfrustratedand.isbroughtbackintoreality.

Elisaexplicitlyidentifiesherselfwiththeflowers,evensayingthatshebecomesonewiththeplantswhenshetendstothem.Whenthetinkernoticesthechrysanthemums,Elisavisiblybrightens,justasifhehadnoticedherinstead.AsthechrysanthemumstandsforElisa'sfemalequalities,theman'stakingofoneofherchrysanthemumsrepresentshergivingupapartofherself.WhenthemanthrowstheflowerElisahadgivenhimtothegrounditrepresentshowhehadonlydeceivedElisatogethereallywanted.

ThroughoutthestoryElisahasbuiltuptheideathatshehasworthasawomantosocietybecausesomeonehastakeninterestinhergardening.Attheendofthestory,however,Elisacomestoarealizationabouthercurrentlifeandsituation.Whensheseesthechrysanthemumtossedonthesideoftheroadshehasanepiphanyabouttheeventsofthatdayandherlifeasawhole.Elisacomestorealizethatthefix-itmanwasjustusingher.Sherealizesthatthemanactuallyhadnointerestinher,butonlyforhisbusiness.SeeingthechrysanthemumonthesideoftheroadalsobringsElisabackintoreality.Sheoffersthechrysanthemumstohimatthe