铸造名词术语.docx

铸造名词术语.docx

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铸造名词术语

铸造名词术语（总8页）

铸造名词术语（GB5611-85）

1基本术语

铸造foundry,founding,casting

1.2铸造工艺foundrytechnology

1.3铸件casting

1.4砂型铸造sandcastingprocess

1.5特种铸造specialcastingprocess

2合金性能

流动性fluidity

充型能力mold-fillingcapacity

吸气gasabsorption

过冷undercooling,supercooling

过冷度degreeofundercooling

成核nucleation

自发成核（均质成核）homogeneousnucleation

2.8非自发成核（非均质成核）heterogeneousnucleation

2.9凝固温度范围solidificationrange

2.10定向凝固（顺序凝固）directionalsolidification

2.11液态收缩（液体收缩）liquidcontraction

2.12凝固收缩solidificationcontraction

2.13固态收缩（固体收缩）solidcontraction

2.14凝固时间solidificationtime

2.15自由收缩freecontraction

2.16受阻收缩hinderedcontraction

2.17铸件线收缩率shrinkage

2.18收缩应力contractionstress

2.19热应力thermalstress

2.20相变应力transformationstress,phasechangestress

2.21铸造应力castingstress

2.22残留应力（残余应力）residualstress

3铸造用材料

3.1金属原材料

金属原材料metallicrawmaterial

3.1.2生铁pigiron

3.1.3铁合金ferro-alloy

3.1.4回炉料foundryreturns

3.1.5中间合金masteralloy

3.2燃料

3.2.1铸造焦炭foundrycoke

3.2.2冶金焦炭metallurgicalcoke

3.2.3固定碳fixedcarbon

3.3熔剂

熔剂flux

除气熔剂（除气剂）degassingflux

覆盖熔剂（覆盖剂）coveringflux

精炼熔剂（精炼剂）refiningflux

3.4耐火材料

3.4.1耐火度（耐火性）refractoriness

3.4.2耐火砖firebrick

3.4.3耐火粘土fireclay

3.4.4硅砖silicabrick

3.4.5镁砂grainmagnesite

造型材料

造型材料moldingmaterial

砂sand

水洗砂washed-outsand

硅砂silicasand

3.5.5天然砂naturalsand

3.5.6人工砂artificialsand

3.5.7天然粘土砂naturallyclay-bondedsand

3.5.8橄榄石砂olivinesand

3.5.9铬铁矿砂chromitesand

3.5.10锆砂zirconsand

3.5.11炭粒砂carbonsand

3.5.12精硅砂sharpsand

3.5.13红砂redsand

3.5.14熟料砂chamottesand

3.5.15粘结剂binder

3.5.16粘土clay

3.5.17无机粘结剂inorganicbinder

3.5.18有机粘结剂organicbinder

3.5.19高岭土kaolin

3.5.20膨润土bentonite

3.5.21钠基膨润土sodiumbentonite

3.5.22钙基膨润土calciumbentonite

3.5.23活化膨润土activatedbentonite

3.5.24干性油dryingoil

3.5.25自硬粘结剂（冷硬粘结剂）nobakebinder

3.5.26热固树脂粘结剂thermosettingresinbinder

3.5.27油类粘结剂oilbasedbinder

3.5.28水玻璃粘结剂waterglassbinder,sodiumsilicatebinder

3.5.29纸浆废液ligninliquor

3.5.30合脂粘结剂syntheticfatbinder

3.5.31水玻璃模数sodiumsilicatemodulus

3.6辅助材料

3.6.1附加物additives

3.6.2发热剂exothermicmixture

3.6.3分型剂（脱模剂）partingagent,strippingagent

3.6.4固化剂（硬化剂）hardener

3.6.5悬浮剂suspendingagent

3.6.6涂料coating

3.7砂处理

3.7.1型砂制备（砂处理）sandpreparation

3.7.2混砂sandmulling,sandmixing

3.7.3型砂（造型混合料）moldingsand

3.7.4芯砂（造芯混合料）coresand

3.7.5合成砂syntheticsand

3.7.6自硬砂self-hardeningsand

3.7.7水玻璃砂sodiumsilicate-bondedsand

3.7.8覆膜砂precoatedsand

3.7.9烂砂泥（麻泥）loam

3.7.10调匀砂tempersand

3.7.11面砂facingsand

3.7.12背砂（填充砂）backingsand

3.7.13单一砂unitsand

3.7.14含泥量claycontent

3.7.15含水量moisturecontent

3.7.16旧砂floorsand

3.7.17枯砂（焦砂）burntsand

3.7.18废砂wastesand

3.7.19热砂hotsand

3.7.20松砂aeration,sand-cutting

3.7.21筛分（筛析）screenanalysis

3.7.22旧砂处理sandreconditioning

3.7.23旧砂再生sandreclamation

3.7.24沉降分选elutriation,decantation

3.8型砂性能及试验

型砂试验sandtesting

透气性permeability

流动性flowability

3.8.4型砂强度sandstrength

3.8.5湿强度greenstrength

3.8.6干强度drystrength

3.8.7耐用性（复用性）durability

3.8.8砂型（芯）硬度moldhardness

3.8.9热变形hotdeformation

3.8.10残留强度retainedstrength

3.8.11热强度hotstrength

3.8.12韧性toughness

3.8.13发气率（发气速度）gasevolutionrate

3.8.14发气性（发气量）gasevolution

3.8.15吸湿性moistureabsorption

3.8.16落砂性knock-outcapability

3.8.17溃散性collapsibility

3.8.18胶质价colloidindex

3.8.19破碎指数shatterindex

3.9砂处理设备

3.9.1热气流烘砂装置hotpneumatictubedrier

3.9.2混砂机sandmuller,sandmixer

3.9.3松砂机aerator,sandcutter

3.9.4冷却提升机coolingelevator,coolevator

3.9.5筛砂机riddle

3.9.6磁力滚筒magneticseparator

3.9.7旧砂再生设备sandreclamation

3.9.8气力输送装置pneumatictubeconveyor

4铸造合金

4.1铸铁

铸铁castiron

铸铁石墨形态morphologyofgraphiteincastiron

灰铸铁（灰口铸铁）graycastiron

白口铸铁whitecastiron

麻口铸铁mottledcastiron

4.1.6共晶度degreeofsaturation

4.1.7碳当量carbonequivalent

4.1.8片状石墨flakegraphite

4.1.9初生石墨primarygraphite

4.1.10孕育铸铁inoculatedcastiron

4.1.11球墨铸铁spheroidalgraphitecastiron,nodulargraphiteiron,ductileiron

4.1.12球状石墨spheroidalgraphite,nodulargraphite

4.1.13可锻铸铁malleablecastiron

4.1.14黑心可锻铸铁blackheartmalleablecastiron

4.1.15珠光体可锻铸铁pearliticmalleablecastiron

4.1.16铁素体可锻铸铁ferriticmalleablecastiron

4.1.17白心可锻铸铁whiteheartmalleablecastiron

4.1.18团絮石墨temperedgraphite

4.1.19冷硬铸铁（激冷铸铁）chillediron

4.1.20耐磨铸铁wearresistingcastiron

4.1.21耐热铸铁heatresistingcastiron

4.1.22耐酸铸铁acidresistingcastiron

4.1.23高硅铸铁highsiliconcastiron

4.1.24蠕墨铸铁vermicularcastiron,compactedgraphitecastiron

4.1.25蠕虫状石墨vermiculargraphite

4.1.26合金铸铁alloycastiron

4.2铸钢

铸钢caststeel

炭素铸钢carboncastiron

低合金铸钢lowalloycaststeel

高锰钢highmanganesesteel

4.2.5铁素体钢ferriticsteel

4.3铸造非铁合金

青铜bronze

铅青铜leadbronze

铝青铜aluminumbronze

黄铜brass

4.3.5铝铜合金aluminum-copperalloy

4.3.6铝镁合金aluminum-magnesiumalloy

4.3.7铝硅合金aluminum-siliconalloy

4.3.8镁合金magnesiumalloy

4.3.9轴承合金（减摩合金）bearingmetal,antifrictionalmetal

4.3.10巴氏合金babbittalloy

4.3.11钛合金titaniumalloy

5熔炼工艺及设备

5.1熔炼基本术语

熔化（熔炼）melting

重熔remelting

炉料charge

熔化率meltingrate

炉料计算chargecalculation

双联熔炼duplexing

元素烧损（元素烧损率）meltinglossesofvariouschemicalelements

熔炼损耗（烧损）totalmeltingloss

5.1.9还原气氛reducingatmosphere

5.1.10氧化气氛oxidizingatmosphere

5.1.11惰性气体inertgas

5.1.12碱度（碱性指数）indexofbasicity

5.1.13碱性渣basicslag

5.1.14酸性渣acidslag

5.1.15精炼refining

5.1.16遗传性heredity

5.2铸铁熔炼

风口比tuyereratio

有效高度effectiveheight

送风强度blastintensity

5.2.4预热送风hotblast

5.2.5底焦cokebed

5.2.6层焦cokesplit

5.2.7隔焦（结力焦）buffercokecharge

5.2.8炉衬furnacelining

5.2.9碱性炉衬basiclining

5.2.10酸性炉衬acidlining

5.2.11棚料bridging

5.2.12熔池bath

5.2.13吸碳carbonpick-up

5.2.14铁焦比（焦比）iron-cokeratio

5.2.15出渣deslagging

5.2.16打炉cupoladrop

5.3铸钢

氧化熔炼法oxidizingmelting

不氧化熔炼法deadmelting

真空熔炼vacuumrefining

电渣熔炼electro-slagmelting

熔渣slag

沉渣sludge

浮渣dross,cinder

氧化期（沸腾期）oxidizingstage,boil

5.3.9还原期deoxidizingstage,blockingstage

5.3.10还原渣reducingslag

5.3.11氧化渣oxidizingslag

5.3.12白渣whiteslag

5.3.13脱氧deoxidation

5.3.14扒渣slagging-off

5.3.15脱碳decarburization

5.3.16脱硫desulphurization

5.3.17脱磷dephosphorization

5.3.18增碳recarburizing

5.3.19脱氧剂deoxidizer

5.4非铁金属熔炼

挥发损耗volatilizinglosses

静置stewing,holding

吹氮nitrogenflushing

5.5熔炼设备

冲天炉cupola

水冷冲天炉water-cooledcupola

5.5.3热风冲天炉hot-blastcupola

5.5.4湿法除尘器wetcap

5.5.5炉缸cupolawell

5.5.6前炉forehearth

5.5.7冲天炉加料机cupolachargingmachine

5.5.8爬式加料机skiphoist

5.5.9电磁配铁称electro-magneticweighingbalancer

5.5.10电磁盘electromagneticchuck

5.5.11电弧炉（直接电弧炉）arcfurnace,directarcfurnace

5.5.12感应电炉electricinductionfurnace

5.5.13电渣炉electroslagfurnace

5.5.14电磁搅拌electromagneticagitation

5.5.15浇包ladle

5.5.16摇包shakingladle

5.5.17底注包bottompouringladle

5.5.18保温炉holdingfurnace

5.5.19坩埚炉cruciblefurnace

5.6熔融金属处理

5.6.1孕育inoculation

5.6.2多孔塞法porousplugprocess

5.6.3变质modification

5.6.4墨化剂graphitizer

5.6.5过热superheating

5.6.6石墨球化处理nodularizingtreatmentofgraphite

5.6.7碳当量仪eutectometer

5.6.8三角试块wedgetest-piece

5.6.9真空除气vacuumdegassing

5.7浇注

5.7.1浇注pouring

5.7.2保护气氛浇注pouringundercontrolledatmosphere

5.7.3浇注速度pouringrate

5.7.4浇注温度pouringtemperature

5.7.5浇注时间pouringtime

5.7.6浇注位置pouringposition

5.7.7型内孕育inmoldinoculation

5.7.8压铁weight

5.7.9捣冒口churning,pumping

5.7.10点冒口（补注）teeming

5.7.11浸入式高温计immersionpyremeter

5.7.12补炉patching

5.7.13炉龄（炉衬寿命）campaign

6工艺设计及工艺装备

6.1工艺设计

铸造工艺设计molddesign

铸造工艺装备设计foundrytoolsdesign

铸造工艺图foundrymoldingdrawing

铸件图（毛坯图）drawingofroughcasting

6.1.5起模斜度（拔模斜度）patterndraft

6.1.6收缩余量shrinkageallowance

6.1.7工艺补正量moldingallowance

6.1.8加工余量machiningallowance

6.1.9吃砂量moldthickness

6.1.10补贴pad

6.1.11分型负数jointallowance

6.1.12铸件尺寸公差dimensionaltoleranceofcasting

6.1.13铸件重量公差weightallowanceofcasting

6.1.14铸件加工基准面referencefaceformachiningofcasting

6.1.15铸件表面粗糙度surfaceroughnessofcasting

6.2浇冒口系统

浇注系统（浇口）gatingsystem,runningsystem

6.2.2封闭式浇注系统chokedrunningsystem,pressurizedgatingsystem

6.2.3半封闭式浇注系统enlargedrunnersystem

6.2.4开放式浇注系统unchokedrunningsystem,non-pressurizedgatingsystem

6.2.5浇口盆（外浇口）pouringbasin

6.2.6浇口杯pouringcup

6.2.7浇口塞blanking-offplug

6.2.8直浇道sprue

6.2.9直浇道窝spruebase

6.2.10横浇道runner

6.2.11筛网芯（滤网芯）strainercore

6.2.12内浇道ingate

6.2.13离心集渣浇注系统whirlgate,dirttrapsystem

6.2.14顶注式浇注系统topgatingsystem

6.2.15底注式浇注系统bottomgatingsystem

6.2.16阶梯式浇注系统stepgatingsystem

6.2.17雨淋浇口showergate

6.2.18缝隙浇口slotgate

6.2.19压边浇口liprunner,kissrunner

6.2.20牛角式浇口horngate

6.2.21热节hotspot

6.2.22冒口riser,feederheed

6.2.23冒口效率riserefficiency

6.2.24明冒口openriser

6.2.25暗冒口blindriser

6.2.26侧冒口（边冒口）sideriser

6.2.27压力冒口pressureriser

6.2.28大气压力冒口atmosphericriser

6.2.29发气压力冒口（气弹冒口）gas-deliveredpressureriser

6.2.30透气砂芯pencilcore

6.2.31冒口颈riserneck

6.2.32冒口根riserpad

6.2.33保温冒口套heatinsulatingfeedersleeve

6.2.34发热冒口套exothermicfeedersleeve

6.2.35补缩距离feedingdistance,feedingzone

6.2.36易割冒口knock-offhead

6.2.37易割片（易割芯片）washburncore

6.3模样

6.3.1铸造工艺装备foundrytoolsandequipment

6.3.2模样（铸模，模）pattern

6.3.3母模masterpattern

6.3.4金属模metalpattern

6.3.5骨架模skeletonpattern

6.3.6石膏模plasterpattern

6.3.7塑料模plasticpattern

6.3.8整体模one-piecepattern

6.3.9分开模partedpattern,splitpattern

6.3.10活块loosepiece

6.3.11模板patternplate

6.3.12模底板patternmountingplate

6.3.13单面模板singlefacepatternplate

6.3.14双面模板matchplate

6.3.15放样（伸图）hotdimensionaldrawing

6.3.16缩尺（模样工缩尺）shrinkagerule,pattern-maker’srule

6.4芯盒

芯盒corebox

脱落式芯盒troughedcorebox

6.4.3下芯量具coresettings