高考译林研版英语一轮第1部分 选修8 Unit 1 The written word.docx
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高考译林研版英语一轮第1部分选修8Unit1Thewrittenword
Unit1 Thewrittenword
[单词 拼写应用]
核心单词
1.reputationn.名誉,名声
2.desperateadj.铤而走险的,拼命的,绝望的;非常需要,渴望
3.rescuen.&vt.救援,营救
4.intendvt.&vi.打算,计划,想要
5.adorevt.热爱,喜爱,爱慕
6.abusevt.虐待;辱骂;滥用
7.debtn.债务,欠款
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Sheadores(adore)workingwithchildren.
2.Hefelttheyhadabused(abuse)histrustbytalkingabouthimtothepress.
3.Thechildwasrescued(rescue)fromthefire,butdiedsoonafterofterribleburns.
4.Wefinishedlaterthanwehadintended(intend).
5.Ineedtopayoffallmydebts(debt)beforeIleavethecountry.
拓展单词
1.poetn.诗人→poetryn.诗歌→poeticadj.诗歌的,诗的→poetessn.女诗人
2.charactern.人物,角色;性格→characteristicn.特征,特点adj.典型的,独特的,特有的
3.noveln.小说→novelistn.小说家
4.crimen.罪行,犯罪行为→criminaln.罪犯adj.犯罪的,犯法的;刑法的,刑事的
5.tenseadj.令人紧张的;神经紧张的;绷紧的→tensionn.紧张气氛;紧张,烦躁;矛盾,对立
6.generousadj.慷慨的,大方的;宽厚的,仁慈的→generouslyadv.慷慨地;大方地→generosityn.慷慨,大方;宽宏大量
7.violentadj.暴力的,粗暴的;猛烈的,强烈的→violencen.暴力,暴行→violentlyadv.强烈地,激烈地
8.resistvi.&vt.反抗,抵制,抵挡→resistantadj.有抵抗力的→resistancen.反抗,抵抗,抗拒
9.unitevi.&vt.联合,团结,统一,联手→reunitevt.&vi.(使)重逢,再相聚;(使)再结合,再联合→unitedadj.联合的,统一的→unityn.团结一致,联合(体),统一(体)
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Therobbershitthemviolently.Theycouldn'tbearitanymoresotheydecidedtoanswerviolencewithviolenceandbegantheirviolentfightback.(violent)
2.Thesecrimeswerecommittedlargelybyprofessionalcriminalswholivedbycrime.Allcitizensshouldhelpthepoliceintrackingthecriminalsdown.(crime)
3.Afteryearsofunitedefforts,thethreecountriesfoundthemselvesunitedpeacefullyinsteadofbywar.Theytookprideintheirunity.Imaginethejoyfulscenewhentheywerereunitedwiththeirformerrelativesandfriends.(unite)
4.Heisakindandgenerousoldmanandhegenerouslycontributedalotofmoneytothevillageprimaryschoollastweek.Hisgenerosityisworthadmiring.(generous)
5.Thematerial,whichisresistanttomanychemicals,hasgoodresistancetoshock.However,somebuildingbossesresistusingitbecauseofhighcosts.(resist)
6.Facingthetenseatmosphere,Iwantedtoscream,forthetensionbecameunbearable.(tense)
7.I'mreadinganovelTheMillontheFloss,whichwaswrittenbythefamousnovelist,GeorgeEliot.(novel)
阅读词汇
1.bookwormn.极爱读书的人,书迷,书虫
2.antiquen.古董,文物
3.rigidadj.死板的,固执的;坚硬的,僵直的
4.authorn.作者
5.themen.主题,主题思想;主题音乐
6.millionairen.百万富翁
7.home-madeadj.自制的;家里做的;国产的
8.sneakern.运动鞋
9.brandnewadj.全新的,崭新的
10.modern-dayadj.现代的;当代的
11.supremeadj.最高的,至高无上的
12.widown.遗孀,寡妇
拓展联想
1.“主题”公园
①theme ②subject
③issue④topic
2.“信”相关词集合
①envelopen.信封
②stampn.邮票
③addressvt.写姓名地址
④postv.寄出,邮寄
⑤mailboxn.邮箱
⑥lettern.书信
⑦postoffice邮局
3.“debt”用法展示
①beinheavydebt=bedeepindebt负债累累
②indebttosb.=insb.'sdebt欠某人的人情/债
③be/getoutofdebt摆脱债务
④getintodebt负债
⑤payoffdebt还清债务
⑥owesb.adebt欠某人一笔债
4.“个性描述”常用形容词
①generous大方的,慷慨的
②mean小气的;吝啬的
③warm-hearted热心肠的
④easy-going脾气温和的
⑤gentle温和的,温柔的
⑥selfless无私的
⑦honest诚实的
⑧stubborn固执的
⑨open-minded虚心的;思想开明的
⑩cruel残酷的;残忍的
[短语 多维应用]
高频短语
1.ontherun躲避;忙碌,不停地奔波
2.touchon谈及,涉及
3.appealto吸引;呼吁
4.intune音调准确;演奏合调
5.letout放大;泄露;发出
[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空
MrWhiteismyunclelivinginthecountryside.Heisalways①ontheruneverydaytoearnmoney.When②touchingonhisdream,hesaidhewouldbuildaschoolinthevillagetogetallthechildrentobeeducated.He③appealstopeopletohelphimrealizehisdream.
6.liveupto达到,符合(期望)
7.benton(doing)sth.决心做某事
8.focus...on...把……集中在……
9.(be)basedon以……为基础
10.compare...to...把……比作……
[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空
Watchingtheinstructivefilm,Tomwasdeeplymovedandregrettedhiswastingsomuchtime.He④wasbentonchanginghimselfand⑤focusedhisattentiononhisstudies,whichmadehisparentsveryhappy.Hesaidhewouldtryhisbestto⑥liveuptotheirexpectations.
11.cometoone'srescue救援某人,帮助某人
12.beintendedtobe/dosth.目的是作为某物/做某事
13.giveaway泄露;出卖;分发
14.consistof由……组成
15.underthecontrolof在……控制下
[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空
MrSmith,myneighbour,isakind-heartedman,whoisalwaysreadyto⑦cometoothers'rescue,andoften⑧givesawayoldclothes,booksandmoneytothepoor.Lastyear,hesetupagroup⑨consistingof8people,which⑩isintendedtohelpthoseinneed.
拓展联想
1.“be+adj.+on”短语荟萃
①bedependenton依赖于
②bekeenon热衷于
③betoughon严格对待
④bebenton决心……
⑤bebasedon以……为基础
⑥behardon对……苛刻
⑦beimpressedon对……印象深刻
2.“v.+on”短语集锦
①touchon涉及
②takeon雇用;呈现;承担
③puton上演;穿上
④holdon不挂断电话
⑤focuson专注于
⑥concentrateon专注于
⑦acton对……起作用
⑧dependon取决于
⑨insiston坚持
⑩workon操作
3.“控制,掌管”家族
①incontrolof控制,掌管
②takecontrolof控制,掌控
③inchargeof掌管,控制
④inthechargeof由……掌管
⑤underthecontrolof在……控制下
[句式 结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.“使役动词/感官动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。
Thismakesthemdifficultforsomepeopletoread,sotheyareoftenlefttogatherdustonshelves.
夏天让我充满活力,我觉得我有力量做我生活中最困难的事情。
SummermakesmefullofenergyandIfeelIhavethestrengthtodothemostdifficultthingsinmylife.
2.wouldratherdo...thando...宁愿做……也不愿做……。
Pip'ssisteroftenabuseshim,butJoeisakindandsimplemanwhowouldratherdiethanseeanyharmcometoPip.
我宁愿去游览长江,也不愿爬泰山。
IwouldrathertravelalongtheYangtzeRiverthanclimbMountTai.
3.“get+动词-ed形式”既可作被动结构也可作系表结构,作被动结构时,强调动作的发生;作系表结构时,强调状态的变化。
Olivergetsarrestedbythepoliceandistakentocourt.
现在越来越多的人对剪纸感兴趣。
Nowadays,moreandmorepeoplearegettinginterestedinpaper-cutting.
精讲5个考纲词汇
1.desperateadj.铤而走险的,拼命的,绝望的;非常需要,渴望
(1)单句语法填空
①We'reallpullingforeachotherbecausewe'redesperatetowin(win)theCupback.
②Shedesperately(desperate)wantedtowinherfather'sapproval.
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)Wealwayslongtoliveinpeacewithalltheothercountriesintheworld.
(高级表达)Wearealwaysdesperatetoliveinpeacewithalltheothercountriesintheworld.
先理解再牢记
(1)bedesperateforsth.渴望某物
bedesperatetodosth.渴望做某事
indesperateneedof非常需要
(2)desperatelyadv.极其,非常;绝望地
[佳句背诵] Theunattendedchildrenareindesperateneedofloveandattention.
2.resistvi.&vt.反抗,抵制,抵挡
(1)单句语法填空
①Amongthemarespecialwindowsthatareresistant(resist)todirtandwater.
②Theyfindthesekindsofthingsextremelyboring,andtheywillresistdoing(do)them.
③Generallythosewhoexerciseregularlyhavehighresistancetodiseases.
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)Theboycouldn'thelpshowingoffhisbeingpraisedbytheteacheronarrivinghome.
(高级表达)Theboycouldn'tresistshowingoffhisbeingpraisedbytheteacheronarrivinghome.
先理解再牢记
(1)resistdoingsth.反对做某事
can'tresistdoingsth.=can'thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事
(2)beresistantto对……有抵抗力
(3)resistanceto...对……的抵制
[佳句背诵] Somegovernmentofficialsweren'tresistanttothetemptationofmoney,andwerepunishedbylawintheend.
3.rescuen.&vi.&vt.救援,营救
(1)单句语法填空
①AbigrescueoperationhasbeenlaunchedforashipmissingintheEnglishChannel.
②Whenyouareindanger,we'llcometoyourrescue.
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)Helicopterssavednearly20peoplefromtheroofoftheburningbuilding.
(高级表达)Helicoptersrescuednearly20peoplefromtheroofoftheburningbuilding.
先理解再牢记
(1)come/gotosb.'srescue前来/去救某人
(2)rescuesb.from...从……营救某人
rescuesth.from...使某物免于……
[佳句背诵] Someexpertsappealedtopeopletorescuemanyspeciesfromextinction.
4.reputationn.名誉;声望;名声
(1)单句语法填空
①ABeijingresidentsaid,“Ioftenbuyfoodandotherproductsthatarepopularandhaveagoodreputation.”
②Thestorehasaverygoodreputationforfairdealing.
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)Thedirectoriswellknown/famousforhisexcellentfilmsintheworld.
(高级表达)Thedirectorhasagoodreputationforhisexcellentfilmsintheworld.
先理解再牢记
haveagood/badreputation名声好/坏
haveareputationforsth.因……而著名,以……闻名
liveuptoone'sreputation名不虚传;名副其实
lose/ruinone'sreputation名誉扫地
earn/establish/buildareputation赢得/确立/树立声誉
beofgreat/good/highreputation很有声望的;享有盛名的
[佳句背诵] Heisanoutstandingleaderwholivesuptohisreputation.
5.intendvt.&vi.打算,计划,想要
(1)单句语法填空
①Iintendtocontinue/continuing(continue)itandseethejobthroughtothefinish.
②Theyintendedalargesumofmoneyforthedevelopmentofthetouristindustry.
③Hisvisitwasintended(intend)tostrengthentiesbetweenthetwocountrieslastyear.
④Wecomeherewiththeintentionoflearningknowledge.
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子
这本书是为儿童写的。
Thebookisintendedforchildren.
先理解再牢记
(1)intendtodo/doingsth.打算做某事
hadintendedtodosth.本来打算做某事
intendsb.todosth.打算让某人做某事
intendsth.for...为……准备某物
(2)intendedadj.故意的,有意的;打算中的
beintendedfor为……准备/设计的
beintendedtobe/dosth.目的是作为某物/做某事
(3)intentionn.意图,目的,企图
havenointentionof...无意……
withtheintentionofdoing/todo...抱有做……的目的/打算
[联想发散] hadintendedtodosth.表示“本打算做而实际没有做的事”。
类似用法的动词还有:
mean(计划),hope(希望),want(想要),plan(计划),wish(希望),consider(考虑)等。
诠释2个核心短语
1.bebenton(doing)sth.决心做某事(通常指坏事);一心想要做某事
(1)写出下列句中bebenton(doing)sth.的含义
①Thereasonwhysheisbentonbecominganactressisstillunknowntousall.一心想要做某事
②IambentonchangingmyselfandworkhardatEnglishfromnowon.决心做某事
(2)单句改错(每句仅有一处错误)
①Hebentonwinningatallcosts,whichsurprisedallofus.He后加was
②Mostpeoplebendonfate,butIdon't.on→to
先理解再牢记
bendone'smind/efforts/thoughtstosth.专心于某事物
bend(sb.)tosth.(迫使某人)屈从
bendthetruth歪曲事实
[联想发散] “决心做某事”的表达还有:
①makeupone'smindtodosth.
②decide/determinetodosth.
③bedeterminedtodosth.
④makeadecisiontodosth.
2.liveupto达到,符合(期望);不辜负;遵守(诺言)
(1)写出下列句中liveupto的含义
①Hadsheliveduptoherpromise,shewouldhavemadeittoYaleUniversity.遵守(诺言)
②Hefailedtoliveuptohisparents'expectations.不辜负
③Theteamcalled“TheHopers”certainlyliveduptoitsname.达到,符合(期望)
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子