大学英语四级模拟试题及答案.docx

大学英语四级模拟试题及答案.docx

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大学英语四级模拟试题及答案

2019年大学英语四级模拟试题

PartⅢReadingComprehension（40minutes）

SectionA

Directions:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Themethodformakingbeerhaschangedovertime.Hops（啤酒花），forexample,whichgivemanyamodembeeritsbitterflavor,area（26）_______recentadditiontothebeverage.Thiswasfirstmentionedinreferencetobrewingintheninthcentury.Now,researchershavefounda（27）_______ingredientinresidue（残留物）from5,000-year-oldbeerbrewingequipment.WhilediggingtwopitsatasiteinthecentralplainsofChina,scientistsdiscoveredfragmentsfrompotsandvessels.Thedifferentshapesofthecontainers（28）_______theywereusedtobrew,filter,andstorebeer.Theymaybeancient“beer-makingtools,”andtheearliest（29_______evidenceofbeerbrewinginChina,theresearchersreportedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.To（30）_______thattheory,theteamexaminedtheyellowish,dried（31）_______insidethevessels.Themajorityofthegrains,about80%,werefromcerealcropslikebarley（大麦）,andabout10%werebitsofroots,（32）_______lily,whichwouldhavemadethebeersweeter,thescientistssay.Barleywasanunexpectedfind:

thecropwasdomesticatedinWesternEurasiaanddidn'tbecomea（33）_______foodincentralChinauntilabout2,000yearsago,accordingtotheresearchers.Basedonthattiming,theyindicatebarleymayhave（34）_______intheregionnotasfood,butas（35）_______materialforbeerbrewing.

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A）Arrived

B）B）consuming

C）C）direct

D）D）exclusively

E）including

F）inform

G）raw

H）reached

I）relatively

J）remains

K）resources

L）staple

M）suggest

N）surprising

O）test

SectionB

Directions:

Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

TheBlessingandCurseofthePeopleWhoNeverForget

Ahandfulofpeoplecanrecallalmosteverydayoftheirlivesinenormousdetail—andafteryearsofresearch,neuroscientists（神经科学专家）arefinallybeginningtounderstandhowtheydoit.

[A]Formostofus,memoryisamessofblurredandfadedpicturesofourlives.Asmuchaswewouldliketoclingontoourpast,eventhesaddestmomentscanbewashedawaywithtime.

[B]AskNimaVeisehwhathewasdoingforanydayinthepast15years,however,andhewillgiveyouthedetailsoftheweather,whathewaswearing,orevenwhatsideofthetrainhewassittingonhisjourneytowork.“Mymemoryislikealibraryofvideotapes,walk-throughsofeverydayofmylifefromwakingtosleeping,”heexplains.

[C]Veisehcanevenputadateonwhenthosetapesstartedrecording:

15December2000,whenhemethisfirstgirlfriendathisbestfriend's16thbirthdayparty.Hehadalwayshadagoodmemory,butthethrillofyoungloveseemstohaveshiftedagearinhismind:

fromnowon,hewouldstartrecordinghiswholelifeindetail.“Icouldtellyoueverythingabouteverydayafterthat.”

[D]Needlesstosay,peoplelikeVeisehareofgreatinteresttoneuroscientistshopingtounderstandthewaythebrainrecordsourlives.Acoupleofrecentpapershavefinallyopenedawindowonthesepeople’sextraordinaryminds.Andsuchresearchmightevensuggestwaysforusalltoreliveourpastwithgreaterclarity.

[E]“Highlysuperiorautobiographicalmemory”（orHSAMforshort）firstcametolightintheearly2000s,withayoungwomannamedJillPrice.EmailingtheneuroscientistandmemoryresearcherJimMcGaughoneday,sheclaimedthatshecouldrecalleverydayofherlifesincetheageof12.Couldhehelpexplainherexperiences?

[F]McGaughinvitedhertohislab,andbegantotesther:

hewouldgiveheradateandaskhertotellhimabouttheworldeventsonthatday.Truetoherword,shewascorrectalmosteverytime.

[G]Itdidn’ttakelongformagazinesanddocumentaryfilm-makerstocometounderstandher“totalrecall”，andthanktothesubsequentmediainterest,afewdozenothersubjects（includingVeiseh）havesincecomeforwardandcontactedtheteamattheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine.

[H]Interestingly,theirmemoriesarehighlyself-centred:

althoughtheycanremember“autobiographical”lifeeventsinextraordinarydetail,theyseemtobenobetterthanaverageatrecallingimpersonalinformation,suchasrandom（任意选取的）listsofwords.Noraretheynecessarilybetteratrememberingaroundofdrinks,say.Andalthoughtheirmemoriesarevast,theyarestilllikelytosufferfrom“falsememories”.Clearly,thereisnosuchthingasa“perfect”memory—theirextraordinarymindsarestillusingthesameflawedtoolsthattherestofusrelyon.Thequestionis,how?

[I]LawrencePatihisattheUniversityofSouthernMississippirecentlystudiedaround20peoplewithHSAMandfoundthattheyscoredparticularlyhighontwomeasures:

fantasyproneness（倾向）andabsorption.Fantasypronenesscouldbeconsideredatendencytoimagineanddaydream,whereasabsorptionisthetendencytoallowyourmindtobecomefullyabsorbedinanactivitytopaycompleteattentiontothesensations（感受）andtheexperiences.“I’mextremelysensitivetosounds,smellsandvisualdetail,”explainsNicoleDonohue,whohastakenpartinmanyofthesestudies.“Idefinitelyfeelthingsmorestronglythantheaverageperson.”

[J]Theabsorptionhelpsthemtoestablishstrongfoundationsforrecollection,saysPatihis,andthefantasypronenessmeansthattheyrevisitthosememoriesagainandagaininthecomingweeksandmonths.Eachtimethisinitialmemorytraceis“replayed”,itbecomesevenstronger.Insomeways,youprobablygothroughthatprocessafterabigeventlikeyourweddingday,butthedifferenceisthatthankstotheirotherpsychologicaltendencies,theHSAMsubjectsaredoingitdayin,dayout,forthewholeoftheirlives.

[K]NoteveryonewithatendencytofantasisewilldevelopHSAM,though,soPatihissuggeststhatsomethingmusthavecausedthemtothinksomuchabouttheirpast.“Maybesomeexperienceintheirchildhoodmeantthattheybecameobsessed（着迷）withcalendarsandwhathappenedtothem,”saysPatihis.

[L]ThepeoplewithHSAMI’veinterviewedwouldcertainlyagreethatitcanbeamixedblessing.Ontheplusside,itallowsyoutorelivethemosttransformativeandenrichingexperiences.Veiseh,forinstance,travelledalotinhisyouth.Inhissparetime,hevisitedthelocalartgalleries,andthepaintingsarenowlodgeddeepinhisautobiographicalmemories.

[M]“Imaginebeingabletoremembereverypainting,oneverywall,ineverygalleryspace,betweennearly40countries，”hesays.“That’sabigeducationinartbyitself.”Withthiscomprehensiveknowledgeofthehistoryofart,hehassincebecomeaprofessionalpainter.

[N]Donohue,nowahistoryteacher,agreesthatithelpedduringcertainpartsofhereducation.“IcandefinitelyrememberwhatIlearnedoncertaindaysatschool.Icouldimaginewhattheteacherwassayingorwhatitlookedlikeinthebook.”

[O]NoteveryonewithHSAMhasexperiencedthesebenefits,however.Viewingthepastinhighdefinitioncanmakeitverydifficulttogetoverpainandregret.“Itcanbeveryhardtoforgetembarrassingmoments,”saysDonohue.“Youfeelthesameemotions—itisjustasraw,justasfresh...Youcan’tturnoffthatstreamofmemories,nomatterhowhardyoutry.”Veisehagrees.“Itislikehavingtheseopenwounds—theyarejustapartofyou,”hesays.

[P]Thismeanstheyoftenhavetomakeaspecialefforttolaythepasttorest.Bill,forinstance,oftengetspainful“flashbacks”，inwhichunwantedmemoriesintrudeintohisconsciousness,butoverallhehaschosentoseeitasthebestwayofavoidingrepeatingthesamemistakes.“Somepeopleareabsorbedinthepastbutnotopentonewmemories,butthat’snotthecaseforme.Ilookforwardtoeachdayandexperiencingsomethingnew.”

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

36.PeoplewithHSAMhavethesamememoryasordinarypeoplewhenitcomestoimpersonalinformation.

37.FantasypronenesswillnotnecessarilycausepeopletodevelopHSAM.

38.Veisehbegantorememberthedetailsofhiseverydayexperiencesafterhemethisfirstyounglove.

39.ManymorepeoplewithHSAMstartedtocontactresearchersduetothemassmedia.

40.PeoplewithHSAMoftenhavetomakeeffortstoavoidfocusingonthepast.

41.Mostpeopledonothaveclearmemoriesofpastevents.

42.HSAMcanbebothacurseandablessing.

43.Ayoungwomansoughtexplanationfromabrainscientistwhenshenoticedherunusualmemory.

44.SomepeoplewithHSAMfinditveryhardtogetridofunpleasantmemories.

45.ArecentstudyofpeoplewithHSAMrevealsthattheyareliabletofantasyandfullabsorptioninanactivity.

SectionC

Directions:

Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50areba