河南省孟津县高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解暑假练习二.docx

河南省孟津县高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解暑假练习二.docx

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河南省孟津县高考英语一轮复习阅读理解暑假练习二

河南孟津县2017高考英语阅读理解暑假练习

（二）

（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。

Countlesspeoplelongtomakeadifferencethisholidayseason,yettheydon'trealizethatopportunitiestomakeadifferenceareeverywhere.Herearesomeideastogetyoustarted.

Organizeablankdrive

Itiscoldoutside,butimaginehowthousandsofhomelesspeoplemayfeelwithoutahomeoftheirown,orevenablankettokeepthemfromthecold.Organizeablankdriveforyourlocalhomeless,andaskaroundfordonations!

Practicerandomactsofkindness

I'llneverforgetthetimewhenIwenttopayformyDr.Pepper,buttheserverresisted,sayingmybillwaspaidbyananonymous（匿名的）guest.It'sthisrandomactofkindnessthatrestoresmyfaithinhumanity.BlesssomeonebypayingfortheirdrinkatStarbucks,orpraisingthem!

Ifyoulivesomewherewhereitsnows,shovelyourneighbour'ssnowoutoftheirdrivewayforthem!

Whetheritisassimpleaspraiseorascomplexaspayingthebill,you'llneverknowhowfaryourimpactwillreach.

Saythank-you

Justasimplethank-youcanmake__somebody's__day,__especiallyiftheyfeelliketheirworkisnevernoticed.Cultivate（培养）asmileontheirfacebybeingsincereandgratefulforallthattheydo.

Useyourtalentstohelpthecommunity

Thebestwaytoshowyourappreciationforpeopleisbyusingthetalentsandskillsyouhavetoblessothers.Forme,Ilovetocoordinate（协调）eventsandwrite,andsomywayofreachingouttothecommunityisthroughwritingarticlesandcreatingawarenessaboutproblemswefacetoday.Ifyoucanbake,makesomedeliciouscookiesforpeopletoenjoy!

Ifyoucanknit,putyourtalentstousebymakingclothesforchildreninfostercare.Anytalentcanbeusedtohelpthecommunityinmeaningfulways.

Wishyouahappy,healthyandhelpfulholidayseason.

【语篇解读】　本文主要讲的是如何通过自己的努力去帮助别人，给他人带来幸福。

1．Ifyoujoinablankdrive,youcan________．

A．keepyourselffromthecold

B．bringablankettogoonatrip

C．buyahomeforhomelesspeople

D．collectdonationsforthehomelesspeople

答案　D　[细节理解题，根据第二段最后一句话：

Organizeablankdriveforyourlocalhomeless,andaskaroundfordonations！

]

2．Howdidtheauthorrestorehisfaithinhumanity?

A．Hehelpsothers.

B．Heoftenblessedothers.

C．Hegothelpfromothers.

D．Hegotpraisedbyothers.

答案　C　[细节理解题，根据第三段前两句话所表达的意思可知答案：

I'llneverforgetthetimewhenIwenttopayformyDr.Pepper,buttheserverresisted,sayingmybillwaspaidbyananonymous（匿名的）guest.It'sthisrandomactofkindnessthatrestoresmyfaithinhumanity.作者的账单已经被一名匿名顾客给支付了，这件事让作者回复了对人性的信任。

]

3．Theunderlinedphrase“tomakesomebody'sday”isto________．

A．makesomeonefeelgratefulallday

B．dosomethingunnoticedbypeople

C．makesomeonefeelgoodallday

D．helpsomeonetosolveproblems

答案　C　[词义猜测题，第四段第二句话可知答案：

Cultivate（培养）asmileontheirfacebybeingsincereandgratefulforallthattheydo。

]

4．Whatistheauthor'stalent?

A．Sewing.B．Writing.

C．Baking.D．Knitting.

答案　B　[细节理解题，第五段第二句话：

Forme,Ilovetocoordinate（协调）eventsandwrite。

]

5．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．HelpOthersinNeed

B．MaketheBestofTalent

C．EnjoyYourHolidaySeason

D．MakeaDifferenceinYourHolidaySeason

答案　D　[主旨大意题，根据文章第一段，此类文章结构，标题一般都根据第一段选择，本篇文章的第一段第二句话很好的说明了文章的中心，而标题一般要反映文章的中心。

]

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

（CrypticColoring）

  Crypticcoloringisbyfarthecommonestuseofcolorinthestruggleforexistence.Itisemployedforthepurposeofattack（aggressiveresemblanceoranticrypticcoloring）aswellasofdefense（protectiveresemblanceorprocrypticcoloring）.Thefactthatthesamemethodconcealment,maybeusedbothforattackanddefensehasbeenwellexplainedbyT.Beltwhosuggestsasanillustrationtherapidityofmovementwhichisalsomadeuseofbybothpursuerandpursued,whichissimilarlyraisedtoamaximuminbothbythegradualdyingoutoftheslowestthroughaseriesofgenerations.Crypticcoloringiscommonlyassociatedwithotheraidsinthestruggleforlife.Thuswell-concealedmammalsandbirds,whendiscovered,willgenerallyendeavortoescapebyspeedandwilloftenattempttodefendthemselvesactively.Ontheotherhand,smallanimalswhichhavenomeansofactivedefense,suchaslarge,numbersofinsects,frequentlydependuponconcealmentalone.Protectiveresemblanceisfarcommoneramonganimalsthanaggressiveresemblance,incorrespondencewiththefactthatpredaceousformsareasarulemuchlargerandmuchlessnumerousthantheirprey.InthecaseofinsectivorousVertebrataandtheirpreysuchdifferencesexistinanexaggeratedform.Crypticcoloring,whetherusedfordefenseofattack,maybeeithergeneralorspecial.Ingeneralresemblancetheanimal,inconsequenceofitscoloring,producesthesameeffectasitsenvironment,buttheconditionsdonotrequireanyspecialadaptationofshapeandoutline.Generalresemblanceisespeciallycommonamongtheanimalinhabitingsomeuniformlycoloredexpanseoftheearth’ssurface,suchasanoceanoradesert.Intheformer,animalsofallshapesarefrequentlyprotectedbytheirtransparentbluecolor,onthelatter,equallydiverseformsaredefendedbytheirsandyappearance.Theeffectofauniformappearancemaybeproducedbyacombinationoftintsinstartlingcontrast.Thustheblackandwhitestripesofthezebrablendtogetheratalittledistance,and“theirproportionissuchasexactlytomatchthepaletintwhicharidgroundpossesseswhenseenbymoonlight.”Specialresemblanceisfarcommonerthangeneralandistheformwhichisusuallymetwithonthediversifiedsurfaceoftheearth,ontheshores,andinshallowwater,aswellasonthefloatingmassesofalgaeonthesurfaceoftheocean,suchastheSargassoSea.Intheseenvironmentsthecrypticcoloringofanimalsisusuallyaidedbyspecialmodificationsofshape,andbytheinstinctwhichleadsthemtoassumeparticularattitudes.Completestillnessandtheassumptionofacertainattitudeplayanessentialpartingeneralresemblanceonland;butinspecialresemblancetheattitudeisoftenhighlyspecialized,andperhapsmoreimportantthananyotherelementinthecomplexmethodbywhichconcealmentiseffected.Inspecialresemblancethecombinationofcoloring,shape,andattitudeissuchastoproduceamoreorlessexactresemblancetosomeoneoftheobjectsintheenvironment,suchasaleafoftwig,apatchoflichen,aflakeofbark.Inallcasestheresemblanceistosomeobjectwhichisofnointeresttotheenemyorpreyrespectively.Theanimalisnothiddenfromviewbybecomingindistinguishablefromitsbackgroundasinthecaseofgeneralresemblance,butitismistakenforsomewell-knowobject.

Inseekingtheinterpretationofthesemostinterestingandelaborateadaptations,attemptshavebeenmadealongtwolines.Thefirstseekstoexplaintheeffectasaresultofthedirectinfluenceoftheenvironmentupontheindividual（G.L.L.Buffon）,orbytheinheritedeffectsofeffortsandtheuseanddisuseofparts（J.B.P.Lamarck）.Thesecondbelievesthatnaturalselectionproducedtheresultandafterwardsmaintaineditbythesurvivalofthebestconcealedineachgeneration.Theformersuggestionbreaksdownwhenthecomplexnatureofnumerousspecialresemblancesisappreciated.Thusthearrangementofcolorsofmanykindsintoanappropriatepatternrequiresthecooperationofasuitableshapeandtherigidlyexactadoptionofacertainelaborateattitude.Thelatterisinstinctiveandthusdependsonthecentralnervoussystem.Thecrypticeffectisduetotheexactcooperationofallthesefactors;andinthepresentstateofscience,theonlypossibleholeofaninterpretationliesinthetheoryofnaturalselection,whichcanaccumulateanyandeveryvariationwhichtendstowardsurvival.Afewofthechieftypesofmethodsbywhichconcealmentiseffectedmaybebrieflydescribed.Thecolorsoflargenumbersofvertebrateanimalsaredarkestonthebackandbecomegraduallylighteronthesides,passingintowhiteonthebelly.AbbotH.Thayerhassuggestedthatthisgradationobliteratestheappearanceofsolidity,whichisduetoshadow.Thecolorharmony,whichisalsoessentialtoconcealment,isproducedbecausethebackisofthesametintastheenvironment（e.g.earth）,bathedinthecoldblue-whiteofthesky,whilethebelly,beingcoldblue-whiteandbathedinshadowandyellowearthreflectionsproducesthesameeffects.ThismethodofneutralizingshadowforthepurposeofconcealmentbyincreasedlightnessoftintwasfirstsuggestedbyE.B.Poultoninthecaseofalarvaandapupa,buthedidnotappreciatethegreatimportanceoftheprinciple.Inananalogousmethodananimalinfrontofabackgroundofdarkshadowmayhavepartofitsbodyobliteratedbytheexistenceofadarktint,theremainderresembling,e.g.,apartofaleaf.Thismethodofrenderinginvisibleanypartwhichwouldinterferewiththeresemblanceiswellknowinmimicry.

1.   Theblackandwhitestripesofthezebraaremostusefulform

[A].hunters.               .nocturnalpredators

[C].lionsandtigers.           [C].insectivorous Vertrbrata

2.   Aggressiveresemblanceoccurswhen

[A].apredaceousattitudeisassumed.

.specialresemblanceisutilized.

[C].ananimalreliesonspeed.

[D].ananimalblendsinwithitsbackground.

3.   Specialresemblancediffersfromgeneralresemblanceinthattheanimalrelieson

[A].itsabilitytofrightenitsadversary.    .speed.

[C].itsabilitytoassumeanattitude.     [D].mistakenidentify

4.   Thetitlebelowthatbestexpressestheidesofthispassageis

[A].CrypticcolorationforProtection.     .HowAnimalsSur