图解式英语佳句写作345.docx
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图解式英语佳句写作345
第三章Chapter3
CombiningIndependentClausesUsingtheSemicolon
（用分号号连接独立子句）
预备知识
我们在前面学过用逗号和并列连词去连接独立子句以构成复句的方法。
我们需要逐步系统地了解独立子句、简单句、并列连词和复句的关系。
我们还可以用分号（;）连接独立子句以构成复句。
但分号并不是逗号的替换词。
所以使用分号时切记不要同时使用带逗号的并列连词，还要切记分号后的名词不要用句首的大写字母。
分号前后两个独立子句之间必须是语义联系非常紧密的，否则只能各自采用句号。
注意下列例句中的粗体黑字的语义联系：
1）Theanacondaistheworld’slargestsnake;itcangrow[tothirtyfeetormore][inlength.]
（前后分句的相关理念都是谈论水蟒蛇的长度。
）
2）Thenursemeasured（thepatient’s）bloodpressure;shealsotookabloodsample.
（前后分句的相关理念都是谈论护士处理血液。
）
3）Thesubmarinedove[toadepth]（ofthreehundredfathoms）;ithovered[silently][atthatdepth]（fortwohours.）
（（前后分句的相关理念都是谈论潜艇在水中升降的深度。
）
以下各句分号用法不当，前后两句风马牛不相及，应该分别改正为句号：
1）Thebearrummagedthroughthecampfoodsupply;（.）somepeoplebelieveinangels.
ImproperUse
2）Japanconsistsoffourlargeislands;（.）solarpanelscangenerateelectricity.（norelatingidea）
ImproperUse
3）Sundialsarepracticalanddecorative;（.）snorkelingisapopularvacationpastime.（norelatingidea）
分号可以丰富写作形式，但切记莫要滥用。
练习一用分号合并句子
下面十个句子都是描述医疗手术的。
因为它们都是处理同一个主题，我们就可以用分号合并其中一些语义有紧密联系的句子。
对语义相对独立的句子便单独使用句号。
Thesurgicalteampreparedtheoperatingroomfortheprocedure.
Thesurgeondressedinagreensurgicalgown.
Sheworeaprotectivecapcoveringherhair.
Bach’sToccataandFugueinDMinorwaspipedintotheoperatingroomduringtheoperation.
Ithelpedtomaintainarelaxedatmosphereduringthedelicateprocedure.
Theoperationwasasuccess.
Thepatientexperiencedaquickrecovery.
Hewasbackatworkinlessthantwoweeks.
Hisinsurancepaidfortheoperation.
Hisfamilywashappytohavehimhealthyagain.
练习二用分号合并句子
给下列各句增添一个分号和一个独立子句，从而形成一个复句。
注意增添的子句必须与原句具有恰当的紧密的语义联系
例如:
原有单句：
Themanagertrainedthecrew[eachFriday]
添补后形成的复合句：
ThemanagertrainedthecreweachFriday;thetrainingwasimportant.
1.Thebakeryheldasaleonceaweek
2.Thepassengerpassedthroughthemetaldetector
3.Thebookswerearrangedneatlyontheshelves
4.Simonewaxedthechinacabinet
5.Astrangenoisecamefromtheattic
6.Aflockofgeeseflewoverthefield
7.Ariseemedperplexedbythemathproblem
8.Thedriverappliedthecar’semergencybrake
9.Seinfeldwasapopulartelevisioncomedyformanyyears
10.Thebellsinthetownhallsteeplechimedeveryevening
练习三用分号造出复句
下面有十个话题，给每一个话题造出一个含有分号的复句。
AfavoritepetAthoughtfulgift
AnexcitingeventAnenjoyablehobby/pastime
AmemorablepersonAdisturbingdream
AmeaningfulplaceArewardingjob
AfantasticmealAfantasticvacation/trip
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
练习四用分号重新编写复句
利用分号将下面含有九句话的段落缩减为含有七句话的段落。
Topotentialowners,anypetwiththelabel“exotic”signalspoorhealthandenormousveterinarianbills.However,acockatielisagoodchoiceasthefamilypet.Cockatiels,whileexoticlooking,areratherheartyandcanlivefifteenyearsormore.Mostcockatielsaregraywithwhitepatchesontheirwings.Theyalsohavecolorfulcreststhatpointstraighttowardthesky.APearlLutinoisamoreexoticlookingcockatiel.Itsfeathersaremostlyyellowandwhite,withgraystripesrunningdownlong,eleganttailfeathers.Big,perfectlyroundtuftsthatlooklikefuzzypeachesgrowoverthecockatiel’sears.Cockatielsarefairlysmall,usuallymeasuringonlytwelvetofourteeninchesandweighingonlytwotofourounces.
练习五用分号重新编写复句
利用分号将下面含有十句话的段落缩减为含有八句话的段落。
Ingeneral,cockatielsarefriendlyandsociable.Theylovetoridearoundontheshoulderoftheirowners,asiftheywerebeingchauffeured.Anoccasionalnipontheearistheirwayofshowingthechauffeurappreciationfortheride.Cockatielsliketobeincludedinallfamilygatherings.Themostlovingandaffectionatecockatielsarethosethatarehandfedaschicks.Inadditiontobeingaffectionate,cockatielsareintelligentandamusing.Theyarecapableofwhistlingtunesandlearningtoperformavarietyoftricks.Mimicryandplayfulinteractionarefurtherbehaviorsthatmakethesebirdsfascinating.Likemostbirds,cockatielslovetohavetheirheadsscratchedbehindtheirlongcrestfeathers.Ifafamilychoosesacockatielasitspet,therewardswillbewellworththeefforttotrainandcareforthebird.
章节任务自我评估（ChapterSelf-AssessmentTest）
在下列叙述中，用T或F判断其内容的真实性
Youcannotconnectsimplesentencesorindependentclauseswithasemicolon.
Whenusingasemicolon,becertainthetwosentencesortwoindependentclauseshavearelatedidea.
YoucanuseaBOYFANSwithasemicolon.
Thewordfollowingthesemicolonisalwayscapitalized
第四章Chapter4
CombiningIndependentClausesUsingtheAdverbialConjunction
（用副词性关联词连接独立子句）
预备知识
前面已经学过利用逗号、并列连词以及分号合并独立子句和简单句成为复句。
这样，我们可以多样化地有节奏感地表达相关的思维。
现在我们可以学习用副词性关联词达到同样的目的。
因为连词是虚词，在句中不能充当任何句子成分。
而副词是实词，是可以充当句子成分的，我们便可以认定：
副词性关联词在句中充当了{插入语}。
重视对副词性关联词的运用，有助于将相关的思维在句中联系得更强劲有力。
常见的副词性关联词：
副词性关联词含义副词性关联词含义
accordinglysince,sohoweverbycontrast,inspiteof
additionallyinadditionincidentallybytheway
alsoinadditionindeedinfact,undoubtedly
anywaynevertheless,likewiseinthesameway,similarly
whatever
besidesalso,meanwhilethetimebetweenevents
inaddition
certainlyinescapable,moreoverinaddition,more,plus
sure
consequentlyasaresultofneverthelessbut,despite,inspiteof,still
finallyattheendnextafter,afterward,since
furthermoreinadditionnonethelesshowever,nevertheless
henceforthisreason,nowatpresent,immediately
fromnow
otherwiseunderotherthereafterfromthenon
circumstances
similarlyas,asif,likethereforeasaresult,onaccountof
stillasbefore,thusasaresult,inthisway
now,yet
thenatthattime,undoubtedlycertainly,
nextintimeindeed,truly
注意，有一些副词性关联词具有相似的语义，可以相互替用。
但要注意在副词性关联词之前加分号，其后加逗号。
例如
Theteampracticed[inthemorning];{furthermore},theypracticed[again][intheevening].
AuntLouisastopped[atthebakery];{meanwhile},herniecewaited[inthecar].
练习一运用副词性关联词
增添副词性插入语做关联词，能将成对的语义相关的独立子句之间的关系，表现得更紧密。
但标点符号要正确。
每一组副词插入语只能使用一次。
例如:
Sheilahittheball;{however},shewasthrown[out][atfirstbase].
1.TheCATscandiscoveredatumoritturnedouttobebenign.
2.Wrestlingatthehighschoolorcollegelevelisphysicallydemandingstayinginshapeisanecessity.
3.Jackiedidnotlikewritingessayssheworkedhardandreceivedan“A”intheclass.
4.Thedentistwarnedmychildrentoflossaftereverymealcavitiesandgumdiseasewouldsurelydevelopoverthenextfewyears.
5.Thevacationersdidn’tlikethetourguide’sitinerarytheyrentedacar,boughtaguidebook,andwenttheirownway.
6.Thecrewchiefmadeouttheweeklyshiftscheduleshehiredthreeeveningworkers.
7.Theassistantunloadedthecasesofsodahisbosssettledtheaccountwiththecafé’sowner.
练习二用副词性关联词造出复句
增添副词性插入语做关联词，能将下列成对的语义相关的独立子句之间的关系，表现得更紧密。
但标点符号要正确。
每一组副词插入语只能使用一次。
例如:
Thepainterchoseyellow;{however},thehomeownerwantedbeige.
1.Onedetectivewasquestioningwitnessesherpartnercalledthecoroner.
2.Themountaintrailwascurvingthehikersdecidedtoproceed.
3.TheNASCARcircuitispopularintheSouthsalesofsouvenirsthereisverystrong.
4.TheactresswonaGoldenGlobeAwardshewonanOscar.
5.Themoosechargedthecampersthebearwentafterthefood.
6.Theconcertlastedoverfivehoursbecauseofencoresthebandleftthestageforfood.
7.Thenewlywedscouldnotdecideonwheretogoforahoneymoontheyboughtalivingroomsetinstead.
练习三运用副词性关联词
仔细阅读下列五个独立子句。
在其后的空格处，利用副词性关联词增补恰当的相关的第二个独立子句。
但要注意前后句意关系密切，全句的标点符号使用正确，而且每一个副词插入语只能使用一次。
例如:
Thefallingleavescoveredtheground.
Thefallingleavescoveredtheground.;{consequently},thegolfershadadifficulttime.
1.Thevolunteerdugtheirrigationditchforthevillage
2.Apuppyiscuteandcuddly
3.Speedboatsarefastandexciting
4.Myboyfrienddoesnotenjoytheballet
5.Purchasingacomputerisimportant
练习四用副词性关联词造出复句
仔细阅读下列五个独立子句。
在其后的空格处，利用副词性关联词增补恰当的相关的第二个独立子句。
但要注意前后句意关系密切，全句的标点符号使用正确，而且每一个副词插入语只能使用一次。
例如:
Thecherryblossomsfell[totheground].
Thecherryblossomsfelltotheground;{certainly},theirbeautywasgoing[tofade][quickly].
1.Thecatchasedtheballofyarn
2.Theastronautfloatedintothebayoftheshuttle
3.Theharvestmoonroseoverthefield
4.Somebuildingsaretallerthanfireengineladderscanreach
5.Teachingyourchildrentoreadisessential
练习五用副词性关联词造句子
造出五个句子，每句含有相关的两个独立子句。
各自使用不同的副词性关联词。
每一个副词插入语不宜使用两次。
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
练习六整理用副词性关联词合并的句子
利用副词性关联词将下列段落中的12个句子缩短为只含9个句子。
每个复句在连词前要使用分号，其后使用逗号。
要选择最能体现前后子句紧密关系的副词性关联词。
Duringmyhighschoolcareer,Imadeapointofbecominginvolved.Iwasinmanydifferentactivities,fromvolunteerclubstosports.Ibelievethatthisreallyhelpedme.ImadefriendswithclassmateswhomImightneverhavegottentoknowifitweren’tforthevolleyballteamorKiwanisclub.Ilearnedtoworkwithothers.IalsoamveryproudofwhatIachievedthroughmyactivities.Ilearnedvaluablelifelessons,suchasformingfriendships,theimportanceofteamwork,andprideinajobwelldone.Manystudentsgointohighschoolasshy,timidmice.Theygraduateasbig,roaringbears.Participatinginextracurricularactivitieshelpsthisprocesstakeplace.Itgivesstudentsself-confidencewhich,inturn,helpsthemthroughouttheirentirelives.Theactivitiesstudentsparticipatein,andtheknowledgetheyacquire,willstaywiththemforever.
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