北师大版选择性必修二Unit 5 EDUCATION Section Ⅳ Lesson 3.docx

北师大版选择性必修二Unit 5 EDUCATION Section Ⅳ Lesson 3.docx

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北师大版选择性必修二Unit5EDUCATIONSectionⅣLesson3

SectionⅣ　Lesson3

1．Discussion—Matchthepictureswiththeproperintroductionsandthendiscusstheircontributions.

A．GalileoGalilei　　　B．StephenHawking　　C．SirIsaacNewton

①__C__Heisconsideredasoneofthegreatestscientistsinhistoryforhisdiscoveryofuniversalgravitationandthethreelawsofmotion.

②__B__HeisaBritishscientist.Heworkedinastronomyandputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes.

③__A__HeisanItalianastronomer,physicistandengineer.Headvocatedthesunisthecentreoftheuniverse.

2．Prediction—LookatthetitleandthethreepicturesonPage36～37，andthenpredictwhatthetextismainlyabout.

It__is__mainly__about__how__we__acquire__knowledge__and__understanding.

1．Firstreading—Readthetextandanswerthefollowingquestions.

（1）WhywerepeoplelikeGalileoGalileioftenpunishedbythechurch?

Because__at__that__time__many__people__tended__to__believe__more__in__the__church__than__in__facts,__and__people__like__Galileo_Galilei_proved__the_Earth__was__not__the__centre__of__the__universe,__which__went__against__church’s__idea__about__universe.

（2）Whycannoneofuseversitbackandsay,“Weknowitall.”?

Because__our__understanding__of__the__world__around__us__is__constantly__growing__and__changing.

2．Secondreading—Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestansweraccordingtothepassage.

（1）What’stheveryfirststepofFrancisBacon’stypeofthinking?

A．Raisingquestions.

B．Observingtheworld.

C．Thinkingoverthepossibleanswers.

D．Testingforarightanswer.

（2）Whatdoweknowfromthepassage?

A．BothBaconandGalileiwerepunishedfortheirscientificideas.

B．Atthattime,peoplebelievedmoreinreligionthaninfacts.

C．BeforeGalilei,Aristotle’stheoryhadinfluencedpeoplefor1，000years.

D．ThechurchwasagainstthegreatphilosopherAristotleforhistheoryoftheuniverse.

（3）What’sthemainideaofthepassage?

A．FrancisBaconwasgoingagainsttheviewsofhisday.

B．GalileoGalileiwasgreattoprovetheEarthisnotthecentreoftheuniverse.

C．TheEarthisnotthecentreoftheuniverseanditdoesn’tmoveroundthesuninaperfectcircle,either.

D．Peopleshouldquestionmorebecausegreatmen,evenAristotleandGalilei,mightmakemistakes.

（4）Whatisthecorrectordertoacquireknowledgeandunderstandingaccordingtothearticle?

A．questions,observeandstudy,considerandtest,findtherightanswers

B．acquiretheknowledge,understanding,findtherightanswers,considerandtest

C．observe,study,consider,findtherightanswers

D．questions,findtherightanswers,observe,test

（5）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A．Peopletendtobelieveeverythingthatthepersontheyrespectsays.

B．Galileoproved“theEarthisnotthecenteroftheuniverse”andhenevermademistakes.

C．Knowledgeisgotbylearningnotbybelieving.

D．Civilisationisbuiltonthekingdomofknowledge.

答案　

（1）A　

（2）B　（3）D　（4）A　（5）B

3．Thirdreading—Readthetextcarefullyagainandfillintheformbelow.

UNDERSTANDING

Theprocessofacquiringknowledgeandunderstanding

·Tostartwith,weneed①questions．

·Then,tofindanswers,weobservetheworldaroundusandstudythe②facts.

·Afterthat,weconsiderpossible③answersandtesteachtofindtherightones.

Theexamples

ofacquiring

knowledge

·FrancisBaconsuggestedthatthetypeofthinkingwasthewaytogain④knowledge.

·GalileoGalileiwhoprovedtheideathat“theEarthisnotthe⑤centreoftheuniverse”．

·Aristotlewasagreatmanwho⑥inspiredmanygreatscientistsandphilosophersafterhim;hewaswrongattimes.

Theimportance

ofknowledgeandunderstandingtomankind

·Ourunderstandingoftheworldaroundusisconstantly⑦growing__and__changing．

·Theknowledgeandunderstandingarethingstofightfor;morevitaltoaman，andmore⑧beneficialtomankind,somemightsay,thanallthemoneyintheworld.

Groupwork：

Whatlessonshaveyoulearnedfromthegreatscientists？

Whatdoyouthinkofthem?

The__answer__is__open.

经典名言佳句

1．Learningmustbecombinedwithwork.

学习必须与实干相结合。

2．It’snevertoooldtolearn.

活到老，学到老。

3．Learningfoundhisownignorance.

愈学习，愈发现自己无知。

4．Toliveistolearn，notlearntolive.

活着就要学习，学习不是为了活着。

5．Hardworkalwayscanrealizeyourwishes.

刻苦学习的人总能实现自己的愿望。

6．Teachingmuststartfromlearnersoftheexistingexperience.

教学必须从学习者已有的经验开始。

7．Aslongaswillingtolearn,itwillbeabletolearn.

只要愿意学习，就一定能够学会。

8．Learningwithoutthoughtislaborlost;thoughtwithoutlearningisperilous.

学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。

语言现象感知

Ⅰ.单词理解

体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义

1．Itseemsobviousnowhowweacquireknowledgeandunderstanding.__adj.显然的，明显的；易理解的

2．ItisnotsurprisingthatpeoplewantedtobelievetheseprimitiveideasastheyhadbeenputforwardbythegreatphilosopherAristotle（384－322BCE）．adj.原始的

3．Theydidn’twanttoabandonwhatthey’dalwaysthoughtastrue.vt.放弃；抛弃

4．Andthisisstilloftentruetoday.Peoplemaketheassumptionthatifsomeoneimportantandrespectedsaysthatsomethingisright,thenitmustbeso.n.假定，假设；adj.受尊敬的，受敬重的

5．Weneedtothankthegreatmenofthepastfortheirwisdom.n.智慧

Ⅱ.词块积累

写出下列词块的含义

1．acquireknowledgeandunderstanding获得知识和理解

2．tostartwith首先

3．againsttheviewsoftheday违反了那个时代的观念

4．holdanimportantrank身居要职

5．approveofhisstudies同意他的研究

6．maketheassumption做出假设

Ⅲ.句式欣赏

1.although引导让步状语从句；and连接并列的动名词短语作宾语

AlthoughtodaywearemoreusedtotypingafewkeywordsintoasearchengineandwaitingfortheInternettogiveusananswer,modernscientistsandthinkersarestillsolvingtheworld'sproblemswiththistypeofanalysis—luckilyforus.

2.it作形式主语；as引导原因状语从句

ItisnotsurprisingthatpeoplewantedtobelievetheseprimitiveideasastheyhadbeenputforwardbythegreatphilosopherAristotle（384—322BCE）.

3.and连接并列的形容词比较级结构；that引导宾语从句；tofightfor作定语；somemightsay作插入语

Thesemenknewthatknowledgeandunderstandingarethingstofightfor;morevitaltoaman,andmorebeneficialtomankind,somemightsay,thanallthemoneyintheworld.

Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式

1．Ourteacherurges__（催促）ustostudyhardwiththeCollegeEntranceExaminationdrawingnear.

2．FromJame’sface,Icouldseehewasterrifiedofbeingabandoned（遗弃）byus.

3．Itisobvious（明显的）thatthemayor’sheartislinkedwiththeheartsofthemasses.

4．Shedoesn’tapprove（同意）ofmyleavingschoolthisyear.

5．Alotofpeoplemaketheassumption（assume）thatpovertyonlyexistsinthethirdworld.

6．Thedoctorthoughtthechangewouldbebeneficial（benefit）tothepatient’shealth.

7．Istillbelieveinamoreconventional（convention）approachtomedicine.

8．Sheisawellrespected（respect）memberoftheinternationalcommunity.

Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语

1．Nowhehas__been__used__to（习惯）gettingupearly.

2．Weallbelieve__in（相信）good,freeeducationforourchildren.

3．Thefilmconveysanideathatpeopleshouldrespecteachotherandliveinharmony，instead__of（而不是）beingatwar.

4．PremierLiKeqiangsaidtheChinesegovernmentwouldput__forward（提出）itsownproposals.

5．Iapprove__of（同意）yourearningsomemoney,butpleasedon’tneglectyourstudies.

6．Hewasmadetopractisethepianosomuchthat，at__times（有时）,hethoughtaboutgivingup.

7．Howmenfirstinventedwordsisunknown.In__other__words（换句话说）,thebeginningoflanguageisamystery.

8．Itisclearthatsheshouldowehersuccessto（归功于）hardwork.

Ⅲ.句式语境仿写

1．Itseemsobviousnowhowweacquireknowledgeandunderstanding.

现在看来，我们如何获得知识和理解是显而易见的。

[仿写]　很明显，在今天甚至以后，中国将在世界上发挥影响力。

It__is__obvious__that__China__can__make__a__differenceintheworldtodayandtomorrow.

2．However,inthe17thcenturywhenFrancisBacon（1561－1626）suggestedthatthistypeofthinkingwasthewaytogainknowledge,hewasgoingagainsttheviewsoftheday.然而，在17世纪，当弗朗西斯·培根（1561－1626）提出这种思维方式是获取知识的途径时，他却违背了当时的观点。

[仿写]　他脸上的微笑表明，他同意这一计划了。

Thesmileonhisface__suggested__that__he__agreed__to__the__plan．

3．Atthattime,peoplebelievedmoreinthechurchthaninfacts,andpeoplelikeGalileoGalilei（1564－1642），whoprovedtheideathat“theEarthisnotthecentreoftheuniverse”，wereoftenpunishedbythechurchwithnoonecomingtotheirdefence.那时，人们更多地相信教会而不是事实，像伽利略·伽利雷（1564－1642）这样证明了“地球不是宇宙中心”这一观点的人，经常受到教会的惩罚，没有人来为他们辩护。

[仿写]　由向导领路，我们没费事就找到了他的家。

With__the__guide__leading__the__way,__wehadnotroublefindinghishouse.

记单词

Ⅰ.联想记词

“赞成”与“反对”高频词汇荟萃

（1）赞成；支持

①approvevt.　　　批准；赞同

②favourvt.&n.赞成

③supportvt.&n.支持

（2）反对

①opposevt.反对

②objectvi.反对

Ⅱ.一言串记

1．Itwasfirstassumedthathewasthemurderer,butlateritturnedouttobeafalseassumption.起初人们以为他是凶手，但后来证明这是一个错误的假设。

2．Anurgentbellrang,whichurgedustogetupquickly.Weallknewamatterofurgencywouldhappen.紧急的铃声响起，催促我们快起床。

我们知道紧急情况就要发生了。

Ⅲ.谐音记词

1．在“阴影”里“晒豆”是愚蠢的→shadown．阴影，影子

2．他们不能“遏制”这种“强烈要求”→urgevt.力劝，强烈要求

句型公式

1．it作形式主语的主语从句

2．suggest引导的宾语从句

3．with复合结构

1．worthyadj.有价值的；值得尊敬的AlthoughBaconheldanimportantrankinKingJames’royalcourtofEngland,histrueinterestwasnottheday－to－day,slowandinefficientworkingstyleofthegovernment,buttheworthysearchforknowledge.（教材P36）

尽管培根在英国国王詹姆斯的宫廷中占有重要的地位，但他真正感兴趣的不是政府的日常、缓慢和低效的工作作风，而是值得人们去寻找的知识。

[合作探究]　体会worthy的用法和意义

Thebankmightthinkyou’reworthyofaloan.

银行也许会认为你具备贷款的条件。

NowthatyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivaliswellworthyofbeingexperienced/tobeexperienced.

＝NowthatyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivaliswellworthexperiencing.（全国卷Ⅱ书面表达）

既然你对传统的中国文化感兴趣，我认为这个节日很值得你体验。

[自主发现]

①beworthy＋of＋n.（金钱等）　　值……

②beworthyofbeing__done/to__be__done值得被做

③be（well）worthdoing……（非常）值得做

[巩固内化]

同义句转换/一句多译

①Thequestionisnotworthdiscussing.

→Thequestio