雅思入学测试.docx

雅思入学测试.docx

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雅思入学测试

Section1：

Grammar（5Mins）

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Inthissection,youwillbegiven5minstodoamultiplechoiceaboutgrammar.

1.I............wanttobeapractisingdoctorbutnowI’mmoreinterestedinresearch.

A.wasusedtoB.usedtoC.would

2.Ifinishedmyessayyesterdaybut............itintothetutoryet.

A.I'vegivenB.Ihaven'tgivenC.Ididn'tgive

3.WhenIarrived,thelecture............,soIdidn'tfinditeasytofollow.

A.startedB.hadstartedC.hadbeenstarting

4.Thegovernmenthasreleasedsome............datashowinghowschoolsarenotprovidinganadequateeducationtoourchildren.

A.shockingB.shockC.shocked

5.Thebookshop............theendoftheroadisexcellent.

A.atB.onC.in

6.Thereweremillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld............thefootballmatchliveontelevision.

A.watchedB.watchingC.werewatching

7.Whenyouwriteyouressaysyou............copyideasfrombookswithoutreferencingthemproperly.

A.mustn'tB.don'thavetoC.haveto

8.Whatwillyoudoifyou............getagoodIELTSscore?

A.don'tB.didn'tC.won't

9.IfIdidn'thavetoworktonight,............abletorelaxnow.

A.I’dbeB.I’mC.I’llbe

10.Iwishthatman............tappinghisfingersonthetable.It'sreallyannoyingme.

A.stoppedB.hadstoppedC.wouldstop

Section2：

ReadingComprehension（15Mins）

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Inthissection,youwillbegiven15minstodoareadingcomprehensive,firstyoureadthispassageandthenanswerthosequestions.

Crop-growingskyscrapers

Bytheyear2050,nearly80%oftheEarth’spopulationwillliveinurbancentres.Applyingthemostconservativeestimatestocurrentdemographictrends,thehumanpopulationwillincreasebyaboutthreebillionpeoplebythen.Anestimated109hectaresofnewland（about20%largerthanBrazil）willbeneededtogrowenoughfoodtofeedthem,iftraditionalfarmingmethodscontinueastheyarepractisedtoday.Atpresent,throughouttheworld,over80%ofthelandthatissuitableforraisingcropsisinuse.Historically,some15%ofthathasbeenlaidwastebypoormanagementpractices.Whatcanbedonetoensureenoughfoodfortheworld’spopulationtoliveon?

Theconceptofindoorfarmingisnotnew,sincehothouseproductionoftomatoesandotherproducehasbeeninvogueforsometime.Whatisnewistheurgentneedtoscaleupthistechnologytoaccommodateanotherthreebillionpeople.Manybelieveanentirelynewapproachtoindoorfarmingisrequired,employingcutting-edgetechnologies.Onesuchproposalisforthe‘VerticalFarm’.

Theconceptisofmulti-storeybuildingsinwhichfoodcropsaregrowninenvironmentallycontrolledconditions.Situatedintheheartofurbancentres,theywoulddrasticallyreducetheamountoftransportationrequiredtobringfoodtoconsumers.Verticalfarmswouldneedtobeefficient,cheaptoconstructandsafetooperate.Ifsuccessfullyimplemented,proponentsclaim,verticalfarmsofferthepromiseofurbanrenewal,sustainableproductionofasafeandvariedfoodsupply（throughyear-roundproductionofallcrops）,andtheeventualrepairofecosystemsthathavebeensacrificedforhorizontalfarming.

Ittookhumans10,000yearstolearnhowtogrowmostofthecropswenowtakeforgranted.Alongtheway,wedespoiledmostofthelandweworked,oftenturningverdant,naturalecozonesintosemi-ariddeserts.Withinthatsametimeframe,weevolvedintoanurbanspecies,inwhich60%ofthehumanpopulationnowlivesverticallyincities.Thismeansthat,forthemajority,wehumanshaveshelterfromtheelements,yetwesubjectourfood-bearingplantstotherigoursofthegreatoutdoorsandcandonomorethanhopeforagoodweatheryear.However,moreoftenthannotnow,duetoarapidlychangingclimate,thatisnotwhathappens.Massivefloods,longdroughts,hurricanesandseveremonsoonstaketheirtolleachyear,destroyingmillionsoftonsofvaluablecrops.

Thesupportersofverticalfarmingclaimmanypotentialadvantagesforthesystem.Forinstance,cropswouldbeproducedallyearround,astheywouldbekeptinartificiallycontrolled,optimumgrowingconditions.Therewouldbenoweather-relatedcropfailuresduetodroughts,floodsorpests.Allthefoodcouldbegrownorganically,eliminatingtheneedforherbicides,pesticidesandfertilisers.Thesystemwouldgreatlyreducetheincidenceofmanyinfectiousdiseasesthatareacquiredattheagriculturalinterface.Althoughthesystemwouldconsumeenergy,itwouldreturnenergytothegridviamethanegenerationfromcompostingnonediblepartsofplants.Itwouldalsodramaticallyreducefossilfueluse,bycuttingouttheneedfortractors,ploughsandshipping.

Amajordrawbackofverticalfarming,however,isthattheplantswouldrequireartificiallight.Withoutit,thoseplantsnearestthewindowswouldbeexposedtomoresunlightandgrowmorequickly,reducingtheefficiencyofthesystem.Singlestoreygreenhouseshavethebenefitofnaturaloverheadlight:

evenso,manystillneedartificiallighting.

Amulti-storeyfacilitywithnonaturaloverheadlightwouldrequirefarmore.Generatingenoughlightcouldbeprohibitivelyexpensive,unlesscheap,renewableenergyisavailable,andthisappearstoberatherafutureaspirationthanalikelihoodforthenearfuture.

Onevariationonverticalfarmingthathasbeendevelopedistogrowplantsinstackedtraysthatmoveonrails.Movingthetraysallowstheplantstogetenoughsunlight.Thissystemisalreadyinoperation,andworkswellwithinasingle-storeygreenhousewithlightreachingitfromabove:

itisnotcertain,however,thatitcanbemadetoworkwithoutthatoverheadnaturallight.

Verticalfarmingisanattempttoaddresstheundoubtedproblemsthatwefaceinproducingenoughfoodforagrowingpopulation.Atthemoment,though,moreneedstobedonetoreducethedetrimentalimpactitwouldhaveontheenvironment,particularlyasregardstheuseofenergy.Whileitispossiblethatmuchofourfoodwillbegrowninskyscrapersinfuture,mostexpertscurrentlybelieveitisfarmorelikelythatwewillsimplyusethespaceavailableonurbanrooftops.

Completethesentencesbelow.

ChooseNOMORETHANTWOWORDSfromthepassageforeachanswer.

Indoorfarming

1.Somefoodplants,including__________________,arealreadygrownindoors.

2.Verticalfarmswouldbelocatedin__________________,meaningthattherewouldbelessneedtotakethemlongdistancestocustomers.

3.Verticalfarmscouldusemethanefromplantsandanimalstoproduce________

__________.

4.Theconsumptionof__________________wouldbecutbecauseagriculturalvehicleswouldbeunnecessary.

5.Thefactthatverticalfarmswouldneed_______________lightisadisadvantage.

6.Oneformofverticalfarminginvolvesplantingin__________________whicharenotfixed.

7.Themostprobabledevelopmentisthatfoodwillbegrownon_______________intownsandcities.

Section3：

Listening（15Mins）

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Questions1-6

Completethenotesbelow.

WriteNOMORETHANTWOWORDSAND/ORANUMBERforeachanswer.

Questions5and6

ChooseTWOlettersA-E.

Whichtwothingsareincludedofthetour?

A.fishingtrip

B.guidedbushwalk

C.reptileparkentry

D.tabletennis

E.tennis

Questions7-10

Completethesentencesbelow

WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSAND/ORANUMBERforeachanswer.

7.Thetourcosts$______

8.Bookingsmustbemadenolatethan__________daysinadvance.

9.A__________depositisrequired.

10.Thecustomer’sreferencenumberis__________.

Section4：

Writing（20Mins）

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Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.

Thegovernment’sfundsshouldbeinvestedinteachingscienceratherthanothersubjectssoastohelpacountrymakeprogressanddevelop.

Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?

Givereasonsforyouranswerandincludeanyrelevantexamplesfromyourownknowledgeorexperience.

Writeatleast150words.

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