高考英语二轮复习专题三阅读理解第三节题组训练3环境保护.docx

高考英语二轮复习专题三阅读理解第三节题组训练3环境保护.docx

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高考英语二轮复习专题三阅读理解第三节题组训练3环境保护

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习专题三阅读理解第三节题组训练3环境保护

（xx·河西区二模）

Airpollutionisgettingmoreandmoreseriousinmanyplacesaroundtheworld.Thefactthatpublicparksincitiesbeecrowdedprovesthatpeoplelongtobreatheingreen，openspaces.And，inthesesurroundings，theyaregenerallybothpeacefulandpeaceable.Itisraretoseepeoplebeingatoddsorevenfightinginagarden.Itseemstobeprovedthatifhumanbeingscanfreelybreatheandshareair，thereisnoprimaryreasonforthemtostrugglewithoneanother.

Butdoweonlysensewhatlifecouldbewhenweenjoygreenspaces?

Theplantworldsilentlyshowsuswhatareflectionoflifetruthfullyis.Italsohelpsustoanewbeginning，urgingustocareforourbreath.Wemust，inturn，careforit，opposinganysortofpollutionthatdestroysbothourworldandthatofplants.Theinterdependencetowhichwemustpaytheclosestattentioniswhatexistsbetweenourselvesandtheplantworld.Oftendescribedas“thelungsoftheplanet”，thewoodsthatcovertheearthofferusthegiftofbreathableairbyreleasingoxygen.Buttheircapacitytorenewtheairpollutedbyindustryhaslongreacheditslimit.Ifwecontinuetopollutetheairbyfillingitwithchemicalsanddestroytheabilityofplantstorestoreitwewillsoonpullourworldintoanunavoidabledisaster.

Humansmustlearntosharelife，bothwitheachotherandwithplants.Thistaskcanbecarriedoutonlywheneachtakesituponher-orhimselfandonlywhenallworktogether.Thelessontaughtbyplantsisthathumanlifecanonlyexistwithnature.Wemustetoviewtheair，theplantsandourselvesasthecontributorstotheprotectionoflifeandgrowth，ratherthanproductiveobjectswecanuseandthrowawayfreely.Perhapsthenwewouldfinallybegintolive，ratherthanmerelysurvive.

1．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“beingatodds”mean?

A．Relaxing.B．Exercising.

C．Hurrying.D．Conflicting.

答案　D

解析　词义猜测题。

根据上一句中的“...theyaregenerallybothpeacefulandpeaceable.”可知，他们是和平的，因此很少看到有人争吵或打架等，因此猜测“beingatodds”的意思为“起冲突”，故选D。

2．Accordingtothefirstparagraph，whatdoestheauthorsupposemightbetheprimaryreasonthatpeoplewouldstrugglewitheachother?

A．Togettheirshareofcleanair.

B．Topursueafortablelife.

C．Togainahighersocialstatus.

D．Toseekeconomicbenefits.

答案　A

解析　细节理解题。

根据第一段最后一句“Itseemstobeprovedthatifhumanbeingscanfreelybreatheandshareair，thereisnoprimaryreasonforthemtostrugglewithoneanother.”可知，如果人们能自由地呼吸到新鲜空气，就没理由跟别人争斗，故选A。

3．Whatdoestheauthortrytodrawourclosestattentionto?

A．Themassiveburningoffossilfuels.

B．Ourrelationshiptotheplantworld.

C．Thecapacityofplantstorenewpollutedair.

D．Large-scaledeforestationacrosstheworld.

答案　B

解析　细节理解题。

根据第三段第四句“Theinterdependencetowhichwemustpaytheclosestattentioniswhatexistsbetweenourselvesandtheplantworld.”可知，作者最想让我们关注的是我们和植物世界的关系，故选B。

4．Howcanhumanbeingsachievethegoalofprotectingtheplanet，accordingtotheauthor?

A．Byshowingrespectforplants.B．Bypreservingallformsoflife.

C．Byconsumingallnaturalresources.D．Byallmakingtheireffortstogether.

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。

根据最后一段第二句“Thistaskcanbecarriedoutonlywheneachtakesituponher-orhimselfandonlywhenallworktogether.”可知，人类想实现保护星球这个目标就要团结一致共同努力，故选D。

5．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedoinordernottojustsurvive，butlivebetter?

A．Expandtherangeofliving.

B．Developnature’spotentials.

C．Sharelifewithnature.

D．Explorenewresources.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。

根据最后一段内容尤其是其第一句“Humansmustlearntosharelife，bothwitheachotherandwithplants.”可知，为了活得更好，我们应与自然分享生活。

故选C。

B

（xx·南开区二模）

Thetemperatureissharplyrisingwitheachpassingday.People，includingmanyexperts，finditdifficulttoslowdowntheprocess.However，leavingcoalandmajorfossilfuelsinthegroundcouldhelptolimitclimatechangeinthefuture，accordingtoanewstudy.Thatistosay，athirdofoilreservesontheearth，halfofgasreservesandover80percentofcurrentcoalreservesshouldnotbeusedbeforetheyear2050.Ifwearetopreventglobaltemperaturesfromrisingabove2degreesCelsiusinthenearfuture，weoughttocarryoutsomemeasurestoseverelycontroltheemissionsfromfactories，vehiclesandevenourdaily-lifecooking.However，itisagoalthatseemstobeimpossibleinoureyes.

“Policymakersindifferentcountriesmustrealizethattheirattempttopletelyusethefossilfuelswithintheircountriesiswhollyinpatible（矛盾的）withtheirhopetoreachthe2-degreegoal，”DrChristopheMcGladeatUniversityCollegeLondon’sEnergyInstitutesaidinastatement.“Iftheygoaheadwithdevelopingtheirownresources，”headded，“theymustbeaskedwhichreserveselsewhereshouldremainunburnedinorderforthecarbonbudgetnottogobeyondthelimit.”

It’snotsurprisingtoseehowtappingintotheseunusedreserveswouldbeattractive.Energy-relatedindustryisabigbusinessallovertheworld.TherearemanycoalreservesinChina，RussiaandtheUnitedStates，alongwithover260thousandmillionbarrelsofoilreservesintheMiddleEast.NottomentionthatoiliscurrentlybeingdevelopedintheArcticpaniesspentover670billionlastyearintheexpansionoffossilfuels，butaccordingtothenewmodelusedinthislateststudy，developersmayneedtorethinktheirplanstodeveloptheseundergroundresourcessoastomakesomecontributionstocontroltheworldtemperaturefromrisinghighinthefuture.

“We’venowgotpracticalfiguresofthequantitiesandlocationsoffossilfuelsthatshouldremainunusedintryingtokeepwithinthe2-degreetemperaturelimit，”addedMcGlade.Worldleadersandpolicymakersshouldtaketheadvicetoheart，becausearecentIPCCreportwarnedthatifimmediateandgreatactionsarenottakensoon，climatechangewillcauseirreversible（不可逆转的）impactsonenvironmentsworldwide，leavingtheworldanunsafeplaceforustolivein.

语篇解读　本文为议论文。

论述了全球气候变化与化石燃料的关系。

6．AccordingtoParagraph1，ourgoalisto.

A．discovermorefossilfuelsforthefuturegeneration

B．slowdowntheclimatechange

C．refusetousereservesontheearth

D．keepthetemperaturerisebelow2degreesCelsius

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。

由首段中的“Ifwearetopreventglobaltemperaturesfromrisingabove2degreesCelsiusinthenearfuture，weoughtto...”及“However，itisagoalthat...”可知答案为D。

7．Theunderlinedword“emissions”inParagraph1refersto“”．

A．thingsthataresentoutintotheair

B．productsthataremadefromfossilfuels

C．factorsthatcausetheclimatechange

D．changesthathappenaftertemperaturerise

答案　A

解析　词义猜测题。

由前后语境可推知，画线词指的是“排放到空气中的物质”，故选A。

8．AccordingtowhatMcGladesaidinParagraph2，allcountriesshould.

A．makefulluseoftheirfossilfuels

B．worktogethertowardsthe2-degreegoal

C．findbetterwaystodigoutthecoal

D．increasetheglobalcarbonbudget

答案　B

解析　推理判断题。

通读第二段可推断出答案为B。

9．WecaninferfromParagraph3thatgreateffortshavebeenmadein.

A．diggingouttheoilintheMiddleEastB．gettingpeopletorethinktheirfuelplans

C．developingfossilfuelsaroundtheworldD．developingenergy-relatedindustryworldwide

答案　C

解析　推理判断题。

由第三段中的“tappingintotheseunusedreserves”，“intheexpansionoffossilfuels”及“developersmayneedtorethinktheirplanstodeveloptheseundergroundresources”可推断出答案为C。

10．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureoftemperaturecontrol?

A．Confident.B．Negative.

C．Satisfied.D．Unclear.

答案　B

解析　观点态度题。

由第一段首句和尾句及最后一段尾句可推测出作者对未来大气温度的控制持消极的态度。

C

（xx·天津一中3月考）

Styrofoam，orpolystyrene，isalight-weightmaterial，about95percentair，withverygoodinsulation（隔热）properties，accordingtoEarthsourceorg.Itisusedinproductsfromcupsthatkeepyourdrinkshotorcoldtopackagingmaterialthatprotectsitemsduringshipping.

Withtheabovegoodfeatures，Styrofoamstillenjoysabadreputation.Itcannotberecycledwithoutreleasingdangerouspollutionintotheair.TheU．S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencysaysitisthefifth-largestcreatorofharmfulwaste.

Butnowthemonwormswhichareusuallydisgustingcanetotherescue，specifically，mealworms.ScientistsfromtheU．S.andChinahavediscoveredthatmealwormscandigestplastic.Onemealwormcandigestapill-sizedamountofplasticaday.Studyco-authorWei-MinWusaysthatin24hours，theplasticisturnedintocarbondioxide.

SinceStyrofoamhasnonutritionatall，arethewormshurtbyeatingplastic?

Muchtothescientists’surprise，thestudyfoundthatwormseatingStyrofoamwereashealthyaswormseatingbran（谷糠）．

Theresearcherswillstudytheworm’seatinghabitsanddigestingsystem，lookingtocopytheplasticbreakdownbutonalargerscale.Oncethewaycanbeputintopractice，itwillmakearevolutionarydifferencetothedisposalofplastic.

“Solvingtheissueofplasticpollutionisimportant，”saysWu，aStanfordUniversityenvironmentalengineeringinstructor.Afterall，ourearthissmallandlandfillspaceisbeinglimitedwithtoomuchgarbagewaitingtobedealtwith，hesays.

About33milliontonsofplasticarethrownawayintheUnitedStateseveryyear.Plasticplates，cupsandcontainerstakeup25percentto30percentofspaceinAmerica’slandfills.OneStyrofoamcuptakesmorethan1millionyearstorecycleinalandfill，accordingtoClevelandStateUniversity.

语篇解读　文章介绍了一种能够消化分解塑料的黄粉虫幼虫，研究者期待着模仿它们的分解和消化的方式从而解决回收利用塑料对环境造成的污染问题。

11．WhatdoweknowaboutStyrofoam?

A．Itcanbeusedtocooldrinks.

B．Itisaweightlessmaterial.

C．Itisharmfulwhenrecycled.

D．Itisusuallyusedonships.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。

第二段第二句“Itcannotberecycledwithoutreleasingdangerouspollutionintotheair.”为双重否定，表达的是肯定的意思，即“它被回收时会向空气中释放危险的污染物”，故选C。

12．Whatcanweinferfromthethirdparagraph?

A．Mealwormshaveamazingdigestingpower.

B．Mealwormsarenotbad