读写unit4标准答案.docx
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读写unit4标准答案
∙An21feelshopefuland22mostofthetimeandfindsthe23inthingsandpeople.Thelawofattractionworksbestwhenyouhavean24viewaboutlife.Youwillmovepeopletowardyouand25betterluckandevents.Remindyourselfthatcertainthingstaketimetodevelopandgrow.Ifyoukeeprepeatingsuccessfulhabitsandexpectthebest,youcan'thelpbutproducevictoryintheend.Witheach26,youwillfeelmoreenthusiasticandhopefulthatyouwillcreatemorepromising27.
Ifyouthinkit'sstilldifficultforyoutodevelopanoptimistic28andneedfurtherhelp,read,especiallyautobiographiesofsuccessfulmenandstudyhowthey29theirchallengesanddifficultiesthrougheffortsandidealisticviews.Listenandwatchinspirationalandmotivationalvideoandaudioprograms.
Lookoutfortheteacherswhowill30upyourlearningprocessandhelpyouacquiremoreideasandimproveyourskills.Puttheknowledgeintoaction.
A）pessimist
B）optimist
C）inspired
D）inspiration
E）positive
F）affirmative
G）attract
H）outcomes
I）overcome
J）accomplishment
K）attitude
L）speed
M）negative
N）outlook
O）defeat
∙
21.
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B
∙
22.
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C
∙
23.
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E
∙
24.
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F
∙
25.
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G
∙
26.
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J
∙
27.
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H
∙
28.
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K
∙
29.
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I
∙
30.
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L
SectionB
Directions:
Thereareseveralpassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.
∙PassageOne
Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
It'slongbeenestablishedbypsychologiststhatmostpeopletendtobeirrationallypositive.Thistendencyisadaptive—manyresearchershaveclaimedthatapositiveoutlookmotivatesustoplanforourfutureandmayevenhaveaneffectonourlong-termphysicalhealth.
Optimismmaybesonecessarytooursurvivalthatit'shardwiredinourbrains.AnewstudypublishedinthejournalNaturefurtherconfirmstheideathathavingarosyoutlookisapersonalitytraitwithdeep,neurologicalroots.Researchersfoundthatthebrainsofoptimisticpeopleactuallylightupdifferentlyonascanthanthosewhotendtobemorepessimisticwhentheythinkaboutfutureevents.
...Whilewecan'tsayforcertainwhysomepeoplerespondmorepositivelytolife'sevents,it'sincreasinglyclearthatyourmentaloutlookcanhaveabigeffectonyourphysicalhealth.Optimismmotivatesindividualstotakecontroloftheirlives,whiledepressionhasbeenfoundtohavetheoppositeeffect.Itisoftenlinkedtoasenseofhopelessness."Theproblemwithdepressionisthatpeoplearesopessimisticthattheydon'tengageinactionsthatcouldmaketheirlivesbetter,"saysElizabethPhelps,oneofthestudyauthorsandpsychologyprofessoratNYU.
...Theexactnatureoftherelationshipbetweenoptimismandgoodhealthisstillunclear.MartinSeligman,whostudiesoptimismandpositivethinkingattheUniversityofPennsylvaniasaysthatitmightbethat,optimists,asopposedtopessimists,aremorelikelytotakecareoftheirhealthbecausetheybelieveinthepotentialpositiveoutcomes.Or,itcouldbethatoptimisticpeoplearemorelikeableandbuildbettersocialnetworks,whichhavebeenassociatedwithlongevity.Anotherpossibilityisthatoptimisticpeoplemayhavehadlesstraumaordifficultyintheirlives（ahighnumberofnegativeeventsinalifetimecorrelateswithbadhealth）."Alloftheseareplausible,"saysSeligman.
Sodoesthismeanthatself-helpbooksthataimtoboostyouroptimism,likeTheSecretorThePowerofPositiveThinkingwillmakeyouhealthier?
Notnecessarily.ButresearcherslikeSeligmandobelievethatpromotingpositivethinkingisapromisingavenueofmedicalresearch.Andwhetherornotyouagreewithhishopefuloutlookmaytellyousomethingaboutyourownbrain.
31.
Ithaslongbeenanoptimismbiasthat________.
A）peopletendtolivelonger该选项共0人选择
B）mostpeopletendtobepositivewithoutreasonablebasis该选项共0人选择
C）optimismcouldcurecertaindisease该选项共0人选择
D）optimisticpeopletendtobemoresuccessful该选项共0人选择
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∙正确答案（2.00分）：
B
32.
Whatdoes"havingarosyoutlook"meaninParagraph2?
A）Itmeans"havingapositiveattitude".该选项共0人选择
B）Itmeans"havingabrightfuture".该选项共0人选择
C）Itmeans"havinganexaminationonthebrain".该选项共0人选择
D）Itmeans"havingahealthylook".该选项共0人选择
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∙正确答案（2.00分）：
A
33.
AccordingtoElizabethPhelps,depressedpeople__________.
A）cannotcontroltheirlives该选项共0人选择
B）easilycomedownwithtoillness该选项共0人选择
C）respondhopelesslytolifeevents该选项共0人选择
D）arenotmotivatedtotakepositiveactions该选项共0人选择
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∙正确答案（2.00分）：
D
34.
Theword"plausible"inthefourthparagraphmeans___________.
A）reasonable该选项共0人选择
B）optional该选项共0人选择
C）believable该选项共0人选择
D）understandable该选项共0人选择
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∙正确答案（2.00分）：
A
35.
AccordingtoMartinSeligman,whichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?
A）Promotingpositivethinkingislikelytomakeyouhealthier.该选项共0人选择
B）Bettersocialnetworksareassociatedwithlongevity.该选项共0人选择
C）Optimisticpeoplemayhavenotencounteredmuchdifficultyinlives.该选项共0人选择
D）BookslikeTheSecretorThePowerofPositiveThinkingwillnotmakepeoplehealthier.该选项共0人选择
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∙正确答案（2.00分）：
D
∙
PassageTwo
Questions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Accordingtopsychologists,anemotionisarousedwhenamanoranimalviewssomethingaseitherbadorgood.Whenapersonfeelslikerunningawayfromsomethinghethinkswillhurthim,wecallthisemotionfear.Ifthepersonwantstoremovethedangerbyattackingit,wecalltheemotionanger.Theemotionsofjoyandlovearearousedwhenwethinksomethingcanhelpus.Anemotiondoesnothavetobecreatedbysomethingintheoutsideworld.Itcanbecreatedbyaperson'sthoughts.
Everyonehasemotions.Manypsychologistsbelievethatinfantsarebornwithoutemotions.Theybelievechildrenlearnemotionsjustastheylearntoreadandwrite.Agrowingchildnotonlylearnshisemotionsbutlearnshowtoactincertainsituationsbecauseofanemotion.
Psychologiststhinkthattherearetwotypesofemotions:
positiveandnegative.Positiveemotionsincludelove,liking,joy,delight,andhope.Theyarearousedbysomethingthatappealstoaperson.Negativeemotionsmakeapersonunhappyordissatisfied.Theyincludeanger,fear,despair,sadness,anddisgust.Ingrowingup,apersonlearnstocopewiththenegativeemotionsinordertobehappy.Andifapersonhastheabilitytotacklenegativeemotionssothatheisnotaffectedterriblybytheunhappinessanddissatisfaction,hewillliveabetterlife.
Emotionsmaybeweakorstrong.Somestrongemotionsaresounpleasantthatapersonwilltryanymeanstoescapefromtheminordertofeelhappy.Thepersonmaychooseunusualwaystoavoidtheemotion.Theymaychoosedrinkingalcoholoreventakingdrugstomakethemforgetthesadness.However,sometimes,theexcessivewaysofescapingonlyresultintragedy.
Strongemotionscanmakeithardtothinkandtosolveproblems.Theymaypreventapersonfromlearningorpayingattentiontowhatheisdoing.Forexample,astudenttakinganexaminationmaybesoworriedaboutfailingthathecannotthinkproperly.Theworrydrainsvaluablementalenergyheneedsfortheexamination.
36.
Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageisto_______.
A）explainhowemotionsfunction该选项共0人选择
B）showhowpeopleavoidthenegativeemotions该选项共0人选择
C）explainhowmanykindsofemotionspeoplehave该选项共0人选择
D）defineandclassifyemotions该选项共0人选择
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D
37.
Accordingtothepassage,anemotioniscreatedbysomething_______.
A）onethinksbadorgood该选项共0人选择
B）onethinkshelpful该选项共0人选择
C）onefacesintheoutsideworld该选项共0人选择
D）onethinkswillhurt该选项共0人选择
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A
38.
WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
A）Childrenlearnemotionsastheygrowup.该选项共0人选择
B）Babiesarebornwithoutemotions.该选项共0人选择
C）Emotionsfallintotwotypesingeneral,weakandstrong.该选项共0人选择
D）Peoplecancopewiththenegativeemotionsinlife.该选项共0人选择
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∙正确答案（2.00分）：
C
39.
Theunderlinedword"drains"inthelastsentencemeans_______.
A）stops该选项共0人选择
B）ties该选项共0人选择
C）weakens该选项共0人选择
D）flowsgradually该选项共0人选择
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C
40.
Wecansafelyconcludefromthepassagethat_______.
A）dealingwithdifficultiesisoneofman'sinbornability该选项共0人选择
B）astudentmayfailinanexamifhecannotpayattentiontoit该选项共0人选择
C）itistheeventshappeninginthematerialworldthatcreateaperson'semotions该选项共0人选择
D）inordertoavoidsu
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