论《格林童话》中的浪漫主义因素.docx

论《格林童话》中的浪漫主义因素.docx

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论《格林童话》中的浪漫主义因素

学科分类号0502

本科生毕业论文

题目：

OntheRomanticElementsinGrimm’sFairyTales

论《格林童话》中的浪漫主义因素

学生姓名：

学　　号：

　　**********　　

系　　别：

　外国语言文学系　

专　　业：

　英语　　

指导教师：

　杨萍（讲师）　

起止日期：

　2014.6–2015.5　

2015年5月9日

怀化学院本科毕业论文诚信声明

作者郑重声明：

所呈交的本科毕业论文，是在指导老师的指导下，独立进行研究所取得的成果，成果不存在知识产权争议。

除文中已经注明引用的内容外，论文不含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的成果。

对论文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体均已在文中以明确的方式标明。

本声明的法律结果由作者承担。

本科毕业论文作者签名：

2015年5月9日

Contents

OntheRomanticElementsinGrimm’sFairyTales

Abstract

ThemasterpieceofBrothersGrimm,Grimm’sFairyTalesisthetreasureofworldchildren’sliterature.Itoccupiesimportantdegreeinearlyromanticliteraturebuttherearefewstudiesaboutthebook’sromanticelementsuntilnow.Basedonbasisromantictheory,thepaperanalysesGrimm’sFairyTalesfromthefollowingfourparts:

yearningforidealworld,admiringnature,emphasizingemotionexpressionandusingromanticwritingskills,whichaimstorevealthewriters’intentionofrunningoutofrealitythroughdescribingideallife.Grimm’sFairyTalesoccupiesimportantdegreeinearlyromanticliteraturebuttherearefewstudiesaboutthebook’sromanticelementsuntilnow.Thereforethepaperintendstodeepenpeople’sunderstandingsaboutthebookandhelplatterresearchers.

KeyWords

Grimm’sFairyTales;romanticism;idealism;admiringnature

论《格林童话》中的浪漫主义因素

摘要

德国著名作家格林兄弟的代表作品《格林童话》是全世界儿童文学的瑰宝，在早期浪漫主义文学中也占有举足轻重的地位。

该论文基于浪漫主义的基本理论，通过分析文本表达的对理想世界的渴望，对大自然的崇敬，对自我感情抒发的重视和对多种浪漫主义写作技巧的运用四部分，探讨《格林童话》中的浪漫主义因素，旨在揭示作者借对美好生活的描写逃避黑暗现实的意图并让读者更深刻地了解《格林童话》的深层含义。

作为一部典型的浪漫主义作品，至今却很少有学者对《格林童话》的浪漫主义因素进行探讨，希望本论文能加深读者对本书的理解，并帮助到对《格林童话》进行进一步研究的学者们。

关键词

格林童话；浪漫主义；理想世界；崇敬自然

Introduction

Publishedin20thcentury,justasLittleBriarRoseinthebook,Grimm’sFairyTaleswasknownbythepublicover100yearslatterthanitwascollectedbyGrimmbrothersandthenpublishedasabook.Itisatypicalmagicalfantasyandbecomesthemostpopularchildren’sbookaroundtheworld.Untilnow,thetalesintheGrimm'sFairyTaleshavebeentranslatedinto160languages,andthisgrantbookhasbeentreasureofthechildren’sliteratureoftheworld.AndasoneoftheearliestromanticismworksitpromotesthedevelopmentofromanticisminGermanandeventheworld.

BrothersGrimm,JacobandWilhelmGrimmwereGermanculturalresearchers,linguistics,academics,andauthorswhocollectedfolklores.TheirfirstcollectionoffolktalesChildren’sandHouseholdTaleswaspublishedin1812.ThetwobrothersspenttheirearlylifeinHanauandtheninSteinau.In1796,whentheywereintheirteenage,theirfatherdiedandcausedgreatpovertyforthewholefamilywhichinfluencedthebrothersforalongperiodoftime.JuristandhistorianFriedrichvonSavigny（1779-1861）inspiredthebrothers’interestinphilosophyandGermanicstudies,inwhichfieldtheyareregardedaspioneers,whentheystudiedintheUniversityofMarburg.Atthesametimetheycultivatedacuriosityforfolklore,whichdevelopedintoalife-longdevotiontogatheringGermanfolktales.

Thisbookhasalwaysbeenattractingtheattentionsofmanyscholarssinceitspublication.Theyanalyzethebookfromdifferentangles,suchasbeingafantasyorananimalbook.Moreover,theymostlyfocusononeoftheaspectsofthebook,likethethemes,thecharactersoroneofthewritingtechniques.Tillnow,nosystematicstudyintheromanticcolorsofthisbookcanbefound.

Foralongtime,thetraditionalresearchesonGrimm’sFairyTaleshaveasubstantialdegreeofmisreading.Manyscholarsthinkitisjustakindofchildrenreadings.Theytendtotalkaboutthesimpleartofthestorybasedoninnocenceandchildishness;orclassifythestoryasageneralpersonalliterarycreationlimitedtotheanalysisofthegeneralstorycontentandartisticstyle;orregarditasakindofauthenticfolktales.Infact,itismorethanthefairytalewithoralsex,nationalityandfolkcolor.BecausetherearefewstudyofGrimm’sFairyTalesasaneraoftextentry.Grimm’sFairyTalesisofgroundbreakingmeaningwiththehistoricalbackgroundoffolklorestudies.Especiallytheypayattentiontoandrespectthefolktraditionandnaturepoetrybehindallkindsofmethods.Itisoneoftheideologicaloriginsofmodernfolkloreresearchanddevelopment.However,theycollectedthetalesnotonlyfromoralstatementandentrustingfriendsoracquaintancesforcollectingrecords,butalsofoundthesourcefromavarietyofwrittenmaterials,soitwascriticizedbythemodernfairytalesresearchersandfolklorescholarsforalongtime.

HanYingfromSunYet-senUniversitywroteathesisontheinterpersonalmeaningofGrimm’sFairyTales,targetingatexploringhowattitudinalmeaningsrealizetheexpectededucationalfunctionsinGrimm’sFairyTales.Theauthorthinksthatthecollectionisvalue-laden.Thosetaleswerenotonlyforentertainmentbutalsoforeducation.Throughthestrategicapplianceofdifferentattitudinalmeaning,theeducationalfunctionofGrimm’sFairyTalesisrealized.

ZhouZhichenganalyzedthepostmodernistnovelSnowWhitebyDonaldBarthelmetoenrichreaders’knowledgeofpostmodernistnovelsandpostmodernsocietyinAmerica.ByanalyzinganddiscussingthefeaturesofSnowWhite,Barthlme’srepresentativework,themodernversionoftheGrimm’scanonicalfairytaleSnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfs,ZhouZhichengconcludedthatAmericanpostmodernistnovelsdenyaestheticcriteriaandtheinternalstructureoftraditionalnovels,whichappliesthenovels’writingtechniquesandnarrativemode.Moreover,thetheoriesofpostmodernistnovelsareputtouseinanalyzingparticularworkssoastoexposemoreaboutpostmodernsocietyandAmericanpostmodernistnovelstoreaders.Moreimportantly,in1960s,thesocialenvironmentandcitizens’spiritinAmericaisquitesimilartothatofcurrentChina.Therapiddevelopmentofeconomyleadstothelossofmentalpurity,whichcausestherisingofpostmodernisminthetwocountries.InChina,manypostmodernistplays,novelsorfilmshavebeenseenflourishing.

JamesM.McGlatherywroteabooknamedGrimm’sFairyTales,AHistoryofCriticismonaPopularClassic.Inhisbook,McGlatheryintroducedmanyresearchesandstudiesonGrimm’sFairyTales.TheauthordividedthehistoryofGrimm-philosophyintofourmajorphases.

（1）Thediscoveryofthecollectioninmanuscriptonecenturylaterafteritsfirstpublicationin1812.

（2）BolteandPolivkaestablishedthetypologyofGrimmtalefrom1913to1931.Theestablishmentmadethe210talesthemodeltypesforidentifyingwrittenororal,international,nationalandregionalvariants.ThisGermanpracticetransformedunique,literaryGrimmtaleversionsintoauthenticprototypesforcountlesspotentialvariablesaroundtheworldandlegitimizedtheinterpretiveanalysisoftheiroverallmeaning.（3）InWestandEastGerman,memorialvolumescommittedtoBrothersGrimmattheanniversariesofJacobGrimm'sdeath,presentedessaysabouttheinfluenceofthehouseholdtalesoninternationalfolklorists’respectiveoraltraditions.（4）Finally,thecelebrationofthebrothers’birthsin1985and1986openedaspectacularchapterinGrimm’sresearch.Scholarsoffolklore,literature,psychology,linguistics,anthropology,sociology,history,religionandpedagogyjoinedforcesinpublications,conferences,seminarsandworkshopstoprovideanalysesandinterpretationsofthestoriestogetherwiththeirauthorsfromthevantagepointoftheirrespectivedisciplinaryorientations.（黄蓓,7）Theplentyofapproachesandphilosophiesproposedbythosescholarsisfurtherevidenceoftheoft-repeatedcommentthatthepopularityoftheChildren’sandHouseholdTalesissecondonlytotheBible.Thisphaseiscarryingonandstillenlightensnewsurveysandinterpretations.ThemajorityofresearchersareGermanists.FewfolkloristsamongtheseresearchersaccepttheGrimmtalesasprototypesduetotheopinionthat,inGerman-speakingcountries,folkloreisanintegralpartofGermanistics.

Thisbookisfullofromanticelements,buttillnow,fewsystematicstudiesintheromanticelementsofthisbookcanbefound.Accordingtothis,thepaperanalysesthebookfromthisangelbasedonromanticismtheorydivideintofourparts:

yearningforidealworld,admiringnature,emphasizingemotionexpressionandtheuseofromantictechniques.Theendingsarealwayshappy,thecharactersareofpureemotions.Forestisthecombinationofmysteryandanimalsreleasetheirnaturespirit,naturethingsarealwayswithgreatpower.Andwhatdiffersfromothertalesistheemotionitexpressisalwayspositive,thebookencouragepeopletoresisttheirfate.Soitisfullofsubjectivityandmilitancy.Theusingofromanticwritingtechniquesisalsoamainelementofthebook.

Intheearly19thcentury,HolyRomanEmpireoftheGermanNationwasdisintegratedanddisunitedbothinterritoryandnationality.NapoleondisintegratedHolyRomanEmpireoftheGermanNationin1806whichcausedtheawakeningofGermannationalconsciousness.Thousandsofintellectualsdevotedthemselvesinthenationalliberationmovement.Yetthedifferenceoflanguagesandculturesamongthecountriesandcitiesbecamebarriersintheprocessofunifyingnationalconsciousness.Inordertoeliminatethebarriers,someintellectualsstartedtoadvocateculturalnationalism.Meanwhile,romanticismroseandrevivedinterestintraditionalfolktales.Intheprocessofromanticism,BrothersGrimmrepresentedapureformofnationalcultureandliterature.Withtheaimofresearchinganacademicmonographaboutfolklores,theyestablished