春高中英语人教版高二选修8练习unit3inventorsandinventions.docx
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春高中英语人教版高二选修8练习unit3inventorsandinventions
Unit3Inventorsandinventions
[导语] 谈起“发明”,我们脑中浮现的总是飞机、大炮、电脑等这些高科技产品。
而下面的几个小发明虽然与高科技毫不沾边,但却同样能为我们的生活带来极大便利。
Ideasforcreatingasmallinvention
Asmallinventioncandobigthingswhenitcomestomakingataskeasiertodo.Whenlookingforasmallinventionidea,startbycheckingyourkitchendrawersandcabinets.Istheresomethingyouneedtohelpyouinatask?
Lookinthebathroomandseeifyoucanimproveonthewaysomethingworks.Ifyoucancreateanitemthatdoesajobaroundthehouse,youhaveasmallinventionofyourown.
Kitchen
Dinnerplateshavenotchangedincenturiesexceptforthedifferentmaterialsusedtomakethem.Whenyouneedtostoreleftoverdinners,youusuallywraptheminaluminumfoilandplasticwrap.Dinnerplatecoverswouldsavemoneyandlookmuchneaterthantheusualdisposablecovers.
Aspaghettidrainerflexibleenoughtofitinsideapotwouldbeatooleverycookwouldhaveinstock.Youwouldbeabletotakethepastaoutoftheboilingwateranddrainitatthesametime,savingthecookfrompickingupaheavypotofboilingwater.
Bathroom
Abathroomtoiletpaperdispenserthathasanextrarollreadywillsolvetheproblemofrunningoutofthenecessarytissuepaper.Thiscanofferarescuewhenyourinconsideratefamilymemberhasemptiedthetoiletpaperroll.
[词海拾贝]
1.cabinetn.贮藏柜,陈列柜
2.aluminumfoil铝箔
3.drainern.过滤器
4.dispensern.自动取物器
[问题思考]
判断正误(T/F)。
1.Dinnerplateshavenotchangedincenturies.( )
2.Aspaghettidrainercansavethecookfrompickingupaheavypotofboilingwater.( )
答案:
1.F 2.T
Ⅰ.为单词选择正确的释义
1.courtyard A.直升机
2.perfumeB.鉴定;辨认;确定;身份证明
3.validC.清白的;无罪的;天真的
4.stringD.三角形;三角形物体
5.identificationE.有效的;确凿的
6.innocentF.院子;庭院;天井
7.lanternG.版本;译本
8.helicopterH.线;绳子;一串
9.triangleI.香水;香味
10.versionJ.灯笼;提灯
答案:
1-F 2-I 3-E 4-H 5-B 6-C 7-J 8-A 9-D 10-G
Ⅱ.根据所给汉语提示写出单词
1.________n.专利证书;专利权
2.________n.产品
3.________n.粉末;火药
4.________n.立方体;立方
5.________vt.抓住;捉住;夺
6.________n.文件;档案;文件夹
7.________adj.冰冻的;严寒的
8.________vt.拨(电话)
9.________vt.忍受;忍耐;负担
10.________n.额头
答案:
1.patent 2.product 3.powder 4.cube 5.seize 6.file 7.freezing 8.dial 9.bear 10.forehead
Ⅲ.根据英语释义写出单词
1.________:
suddenly
2.________:
veryeasyandsuitable
3.________:
tellthedifference
4.________:
kindandforgivable
5.________:
withoutanystain
6.________:
standard
7.________:
notpositive,negative
8.________:
happy,pleased
9.________:
carefulness
10.________:
stronghopeorbeliefs
11.________:
smallroundmark
12.________:
alighthitwithyourhandorfingers
13.________:
fulloforproducingpowerandactivity
14.________:
firmlyestablishedorfixed;notlikelytomoveorchange
15.________:
(causeto)joinasfriendsorbusinesspartners
16.________:
ofthepresenttime;happeningnow
17.________:
(anexampleof)theactofextendingorbeingextended
18.________:
effectiveorconvenientinactualuse
19.________:
theabilitytodosomethingwelloreffectively
答案:
1.abruptly 2.convenient 3.distinguish
4.merciful 5.stainless 6.criterion 7.passive
8.merry 9.caution 10.expectation 11.dot
12.tap 13.dynamic 14.stable 15.associate
16.current 17.extension 18.practical
19.competence
Ⅳ.选用正确短语的适当形式完成句子
nowandthen;distinguishbetween...and...;setabout;withcaution;diveinto;beassociatedwith;getthrough;hangon;outoforder;callup;ringback;setout;ringoff
1.Sorry,Ihaveto________.It'stimeformetogotowork.
2.Thereisasignovertheresayingtheliftis________,sowe'llhavenochoicebuttorunupthestairs.
3.Withfacemasks,airtanksanddivingsuits,mencan________deepwaterandbeathomewiththefish.
4.Theseconcernsmay________strongfeelingssuchasangerorshame.
5.What'swrongwithyourtelephone?
Ican't________allthetime.
6.AfterhegotintouchwiththeRedCross,MrGreen________tohelpthesehomelesswomenandchildrentoasafeplace.
7.Please________.Iwillwritedownyourtelephonenumberandlethimringbacklater.
8.He'snotin;whydon'tyou________after6o'clock?
9.Oh,mydear!
Couldyou________right________wrong?
10.Dadalwaysdrives________,soheisrecognizedasoneofthebestdrivers.
11.Thepicture________him________thetimewhenhewasbroughtupinthevillage.
12.Assoonasmymothercamehomeafterwork,she________preparingdinnerforus.
13.Whilegivingthespeech,MrLireferredtohisnotebook________.
答案:
1.ringoff 2.outoforder 3.diveinto
4.beassociatedwith 5.getthrough 6.setout
7.hangon 8.ringback 9.distinguishbetween and
10.withcaution 11.called up 12.setabout
13.nowandthen
课文表层理解
Ⅰ.判断正(T)误(F)
1.Inthispassage,thewriterwantedtoencouragethereaderstoconsidercarefullytheproblemsindailylife.( )
2.Thewriterwassuccessfultocatchthesnakesinthesecondattempt.( )
3.Aninventorcaneasilygetthepatentfortheinvention.( )
4.Ifyouhaveascientifictheoryormathematicalmodel,youcangetapatent.( )
5.Ifyourinventionspassthetest,yourapplicationforapatentwillbepublished17monthsfromthedateyouapply.( )
答案:
1.T 2.F 3.F 4.F 5.F
Ⅱ.读课文,完成表格
Whymymotherwasupset
Motherwas1.________.Snakescamenearthehouse2.________,andseemedtohavemadetheirhomenotfarfromthewalnuttree.
Myfirstattempt
I3.________researchingthehabitsofsnakestofindthe4.________wayto5.________them.Idecidedtotrycoolingthem,butfailed.
Mysecondattempt
Ifrozethebowlandice-cubesagain,but6.________themwherethesnakeswerelivingintheevening.Thenextmorningthesnakeswere7.________,butstillable tobite.Ifailedagain.
Mythirdattempt
Irepeatedthesecondprocedure,butthistimeI8.________asmallfishingnet9.________thatthesnakeswouldtrytobiteagain.Thistimethesnakeswerepassive.Icollectedthem,tookthemtothewild,andsetthemfree.
Result
Isentan10.________tothePatentOffice,wishingtopatentmyinvention.
答案:
1.upset 2.nowandthen 3.setabout 4.easiest 5.trap 6.placed 7.sleepy 8.held
9.intheexpectation 10.application
课文深层理解
Ⅰ.主旨匹配
Part1(Para.1) A.Theresearchontheapproaches.
Part2(Paras.2~3)B.Theattemptstocatchthesnakes.
Part3(Paras.4~6)C.Therequirementsofgettingapatent.
Part4(Paras.7~8)D.Thediscoveryoftheproblemsofsnakes.
答案:
Part1-D Part2-A Part3-B Part4-C
Ⅱ.单项选择
1.Thebiggestadvantageofthewriter'snewideaisthat________.
A.itmakesthesnakesmoveslowly
B.itmakesthesnakeshardlybiteus
C.itiseasierforustokillthesnakeswithouthurtingourselves
D.itiseasierforustocatchthesnakeswithoutkillingthem
2.Howdidthewritercatchthesnakes?
A.Byusingsomethingthesnakeswereinterestedintoattractthemintoatrap.
B.Bytakingtheirhabitattoanotherplace.
C.Byplacingthesnakesatalowtemperatureforthemtosleep,thuscatchingthem.
D.Alltheabove.
3.Thewriterwassuccessfultocatchthesnakesin________attempt.
A.thefirst B.thesecond
C.thethirdD.every
4.Whatdoes“novel”meaninLine44ofthepassage?
A.Literaryworks.
B.Significant.
C.Differentfromanythingknownbefore.
D.Fresh.
5.Fromthetext,wecanlearnthat________.
A.friendshipiseasierlostthanfound
B.agoodbookisthebestoffriends,thesametodayandforever
C.goodmedicinetastesbitter
D.nothingintheworldisdifficultforonewhosetshismindtoit
答案:
1.A 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.D
Ⅲ.领会下列句子所用的句型并尝试译成汉语
1.ThefirstthingIdidwastoseeiftherewereanyproductsthatmighthelpme,butthereonlyseemedtobepowdersdesignedtokillsnakes.
_______________________________________________________
2.Onlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognitioncanyousaythatyouaretrulyaninventor.
_______________________________________________________
3.Thecriteriaaresostrictthatitisdifficulttogetnewideasacceptedunlesstheyaretrulynovel.
_______________________________________________________
答案:
1.我所做的第一件事就是看看有没有现成的产品能帮助我,但看来只有一种毒杀虫蛇的药粉。
2.只有获得了那种认证后,你才可以说是一个真正的发明家。
3.(评价)标准是很严格的;除非新的想法是很新颖的,否则很难被接受。
Ⅳ.课文缩写
WhenI1.________mymotheronthephoneshewasveryupset,becausesomesnakescamenearherhouse2.________.Ithoughtitwasachanceformeto3.________myselfbyinventingsomething4.________thatwouldgetridofthesnakes.I5.________researchingthehabitsofsnakestofindtheeasiestwaytotrapthem.FinallyIdecidedonthreepossible6.________.Myfirsttwoattemptsbothfailed,soIhadtoimprovemydesignagain.Tomygreatdelight,thistimeIsucceeded.Allwasin7.________andatlastIcollectedthe 8.________snakesand9.________releasedthemallbackintothewild.Pressedbymyfriendsandrelations,Idecidedto10.________theopportunitytogetrecognitionformysuccessfulideabysendingmyinventionto thepatentoffice.
答案:
1.calledup 2.nowandthen 3.distinguish
4.merciful 5.setabout 6.approaches
7.expectation 8.passive 9.merrily 10.seize
如何写求职信
求职信属于应用文中的书信类。
写作时,要注意书信的基本格式。
首先,要注意开篇交代句、末尾总结句和常识性语句,提高文章的呼应性。
开篇句往往交代得知消息的渠道,并表明求职心愿,如“I'velearnedfromthenewspaperthatyouareemployinga...andI'mveryinterestedinit.”。
末尾句往往表达希望能很快收到答复的迫切愿望并表明感激之情,如“Iwouldbeverythankfulifyouwouldgivemeanearlyreply.”。
第二,求职信往往需要介绍自己的姓名、年龄、身高、健康状况、业余爱好、特长、工作态度及人际关系等。
常见的短语有beingoodhealth、begoodat、beexpertin、haverichworkingexperience、enjoydoingsth.inone'ssparetime、bestrictwith、bekindto、getonwellwith等。
此外,要防止遗漏要点。
如果是针对广告招聘的求职信,应认真阅读广告,明确招聘要求,并对照自己的条件,逐一加以介绍,同时还要注上自己的通讯地址和联系方式。
注意:
1.篇幅不宜太长,要简明扼要;
2.态度要诚恳,实事求是;
3.所展示的信息要精炼且有针对性;
4.语气要客气、礼貌;
5.可用各种时态,通常用一般现在时和一般过去时。
[常用句型]
1.开头,说明写求职信的缘由与动机。
Iwouldliketoapplytobecomea(n)...inyourcompany.
Intoday'snewspaperInoticedyouradvertisementfor...
I'mwritingthislettertoapplyfor...
2.正文,介绍个人情况。
Igraduatedfrom...
Iammajor