英语比较句.docx
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英语比较句
英语比较句
as/so …… as ……
结构︰as／so＋形容词或副词原级＋as…
说明︰此句型意为“…和…一样…”。
比较两件东西，并表示它们的程度一样。
第一个 as 为副词，第二个 as 则为副词连接词，引导副词子句，修饰第一个 as.在 as…as 中可插入单数可数名词，即：
“as＋形容词＋a／an＋名词＋as”。
若是复数名词，可用“as many／few＋复数 名词＋as”；若是不可数名词，则用“as much／little＋不可数名词＋as”。
“as＋原级（形、副）＋as＋原级（形、副）”这形式表示有关同一人（物）的两种不同的性质、状态是一样程度的，译作“既有…且还有…”。
He is as handsome as his brother （is）。
他和他哥哥一样英俊。
Judy goes to the movies as often as Sara does. 朱迪像莎拉一样时常去看电影。
Old John goes to sleep as easily as a baby does. 老约翰像婴儿一样容易入睡。
The girls are as busy with their work as bees. 这些女孩子就跟蜜蜂一样忙着工作。
He is as nice a boy as Peter （is）。
他和彼得一样都是好男孩。
She has as many friends as Mary （does）。
她和玛丽一样有许多朋友。
He has as much money as John （does）。
他和约翰一样有很多钱。
He is as clever as （he is） handsome. 他不但英俊而且聪明。
My teacher is as kind as （she is） intelligent. 我的老师不但善良而且聪慧。
as many/much ……
结构︰as many／much＋名词…
说明︰此句型意为“同数（量）的…；一样多”。
本词组旨在用以代替句中前面已提到的相同数字，以避免该数字的重复。
He was tired enough to make ten errors in as many （=in ten） pages.
他疲倦得十页中犯了十个错误。
Mike read five books in as many （=in five）months. 麦克在五个月内看了五本书。
I didn't expect that he should have committed three robberies in as many days. 没想到（老实的）他居然在三天内犯了三次抢劫罪。
as many/much as ……
结构︰as many／much as＋数字＋复数名词／不可数名词
说明︰此句型意为“多达…”。
不要与“as many／much＋名词”（同数量的…）混淆。
同理，此类词组还有：
as long as＋数字＋名词（长达…），as wide as＋数字＋名词（宽达…）， as high as＋数字＋名词（高达…），as early as＋数字＋名词（早在…），as late as＋数字＋名词（迟在…）等。
She has as many as seven sisters. 她的姊妹有七人之多。
As many as 100 people were killed in the air crash.
这次空难中多达一百人丧生。
I gave the beggar as much as 1，000 yen. 我给了这乞丐整整一千元。
Building costs ran up to as much as NT$ 20 million.
建筑费用涨到高达新台币两千万。
I have been learning English （for） as long as 15 years.
我学英文已有十五年之久。
He came home as late as two in the morning. 他迟至清晨两点才回家。
I saw your brother as late as last week. 上个礼拜我还看到你哥哥。
The river is as wide as 100 meters. 这条河宽达一百公尺。
I mailed the letter as early as Friday. 我早在星期五就把信寄了。
A is as much + N + as B is
结构︰主词＋be＋as＋much＋名词＋as＋（be）＋主词
说明︰此句型意为“…和…同样…”。
“as much＋名词＋as＋（be）＋主词”的 be 通常省略或放句末。
Comets are just as much members of the sun's family as （are） the other planets.
彗星和其它的行星同样是太阳家族的成员。
To eat too much is as much a bad thing as to eat nothing.吃太多和什么都不吃同样是坏事。
He is as much a member of the orchestra as Tom. 他和汤姆同样是管弦乐队的成员。
not as/so + ADJ/ADV + as + N
结构︰not as／so＋形容词／副词＋as＋名词
说明︰此句型意为“不像…那样…”。
as…as 可用于肯定句或否定句，而 so…as 仅可用于否定句构中。
It is not as （so） popular as other foods. 它不像其它食物那样受欢迎。
He does not study as （so） hard as John. 他不像约翰那样用功。
I am not as （so） careful as Tom. 我不像汤姆那样细心。
as far as ……
结构︰as far as＋名词
说明︰此句型意为“到…之远；到…的程度”。
而“as far as＋主词＋动词”则表示“只要…，在…范围内的话…”。
Swallows from England go as far as South Africa. 英国来的燕子飞到南非那样远的地方。
We walked as far as the railroad station. 我们走到火车站那样远的地方。
We drove as far south as Kaohsiung. 我们往南开车一直到高雄。
He went as far as Yokohama to meet his friend from England.
他远至横滨去迎接由英国来的朋友。
I swam as far as I could. 我尽可能地游远。
…… just as …… as ……
结构︰主词＋动词＋just as＋形容词／副词＋as＋（代）名词／动名词
说明︰此句型意为“…就像…一样…”。
第一个 as 是“同样的；一样的”，第二个 as 是“像”之意。
若主词之后不是 be 动词，则 as 之后不用形容词，而要用副词.
Being a good pedestrian is just as important as being a good driver.
做一个好的行人就像做一个好的司机一样重要。
Writing is just as important as reading. 写作就像阅读一样重要。
He wrote just as carefully as Tom. 他就像汤姆一样小心地写。
…… as …… as one can
结构︰…as＋形容词／副词／名词＋as one can
说明︰此句型意为“尽可能…”。
“as …… as one can”相当于“as …… as possible”。
one 要随主词的人称而变化，而 can 要随时态变化。
To speak English fluently， you had better read as many English articles as you can.
要想把英文讲得很流利，你最好尽量多看英文文章。
Take as much exercise as you can. 尽可能多做运动。
Be as careful as you can. 尽可能小心。
Our teacher explained the lesson to us as clearly as he could.
我们的老师尽可能清楚地为我们解释这一课。
She needed to soften her request to make it as polite and courteous as she could. 她需要使请求语气柔婉，以便尽可能把它变成有礼貌与客气。
You should be as careful as you can in making friends.
在交朋友方面，你应该尽可能小心。
We had better learn by heart as many sentence patterns as we can.
我们最好尽可能多背句型。
I looked down the road as far as I could. 我尽可能遥望这条路。
I will try to save as much as I can. 我会设法尽可能多储蓄。
You should remain as quiet as you can. 你应尽可能地保持沉默
…… as …… as …… can be
结构︰主词＋be 动词＋as＋形容词＋as＋（形容词）＋can be
说明︰此句型意为“极…，不亚于任何人…”。
此句型借重复同一个形容词而成为强调此形容词的说法。
常用的此类词组有：
as plain as plain can be（再明白不过了），as wise as wise can be（再聪明不过了），as white as white can be（白得不能再白了），as wrong as wrong can be（错得太离谱）等。
His failure is as plain as plain can be. 他的失败是再明白不过了。
He is as handsome as （handsome） can be. 他潇洒极了。
She is as kind as can be. 她极为和颜悦色。
Mary is as hardworking as can be. 玛丽在班上之用功不输任何人。
He may not be so clever as Peter， but he is as industrious as can be.
他也许不如彼得聪明，但却用功极了。
as …… as ever
结构︰as＋形容词／副词＋as ever
说明︰此句型意为“与往常一样…”。
He seems to be as busy as ever. 他似乎和往常一样忙碌。
He works as hard as ever. 他和往常一样努力工作。
She was as beautiful as ever after so many years. 过了那么多年，她美丽如故。
…… times as …… as ……
结构︰倍数词＋as＋形容词／副词＋as…
说明︰此句型意为“是…的几倍”。
“两倍”是 twice，而三倍以上的“倍”，通常用 times.
An ordinary subway train, approaching the station, can be twice as loud as the loudest jet.
平常的地下火车接近车站时，发出的声音可能是最大声的喷射机的两倍。
This line is four times as long as that one. 这条线是那条线的四倍长。
I am twice as old as he. 我的年纪是他的两倍。
She studies three times as hard as I. 她用功的程度是我的三倍。
He earns twice as much as he used to. 他比往常多赚二倍的钱。
She spent half as much money as you. 她花掉的钱只有你花掉的一半。
…… times the/my N ……
结构︰…倍数词＋the（或所有格）＋名词
说明︰此句型意为“是…的几倍”。
倍数词与名词之间一定有 the 或所有格.有时可改为“倍数词＋as＋形容词”。
三倍以上的“倍”，通常用“times”。
而“more than＋倍数词＋the（或所有格）＋名词”译为“是…的几倍还不止”。
It was over twice the distance of the earth from the sun.
那是地球到太阳的距离的两倍多。
Line A is four times the length of line B.
线条 A 是线条 B 的四倍长。
I have five times the number of Tom's books.
我有五倍于汤姆的书。
He has three times my money.
他的钱是我的三倍。
He has more than three times my money.
他的钱是我的三倍还不止。
The river is ten times the length of the Tamsui River.
这条河的长度是淡水河的十倍。
Holland has two-thirds the inhabitants of the state of New York, which is four times the size of Holland.
荷兰的居民是纽约州的三分之二，而纽约州却是荷兰的四倍大。
more than …… as …… as
结构︰more than＋倍数词＋as＋形容词／副词＋as
说明︰此句型意为“是…的几倍还不止”。
“两倍”是twice，而三倍以上的“倍”，通常用times.
He is more than three times as rich as I. （=He is three times richer than I.）
他的财富是我的三倍还不止。
He studies more than three times as hard as I.
他用功的程度是我的三倍还不止。
I am more than twice as old as he.
我的年龄是他的两倍还不止。
He has collected more than three times as many stamps as I （have）。
他搜集的邮票是我的三倍还不止。
…… times ……er than ……
结构︰倍数词＋形容词或副词比较级＋than…
说明︰此句型意为“比…大几倍”。
“两倍”是twice，而三倍以上的“倍”，通常用times.
We now know that X-ray waves are 2,000 to 10,000 times shorter than light waves.
我们现在知道X光波比光波短二千到一万倍。
This street is four times shorter than that one.
这条街道比那条短四倍。
The mother elephant is one hundred times heavier than the baby elephant.
这只母象比小象重一百倍。
It is ten times louder than another.
它比另外一个的声音大十倍。
This street is three times wider than that one.
这条街比那条街宽三倍。
I am twice older than he.
我的年纪比他大两倍。
not so adj. as adj.
结构︰not so＋形容词／副词＋as＋形容词／副词
说明︰此句型意为“与其说是…倒不如说是…”。
相当于“形容词／副词＋rather than＋形容词／副词”。
She is not so beautiful as charming. （=She is charming rather than beautiful.）
与其说她美倒不如说她迷人。
He is not so clever as diligent. 与其说他聪明倒不如说他勤奋。
She is not so kind as simple. 与其说她善良不如说她单纯。
not so much + N as + N
结构︰not so much＋名词＋as＋名词
说明︰此句型意为“与其说是…倒不如说是…”。
相当于“名词＋rather than＋名词”。
He is not so much a writer as a scholar. 与其说他是作家倒不如说他是学者。
He is not so much a genius as a hard worker. 他的努力胜于天份。
The Apollo program was not so much a scientific achievement as a technical accomplishment. 阿波罗计划与其说是一项科学成果，不如说是一项技术成就。
not so much …… as ……
结构︰not so much＋介系词词组／不定词词组＋as＋介系词词组／不定词词组
说明︰此句型意为“与其说是…倒不如说是…”。
相当于“介系词词组／不定词词组＋rather than＋ 介系词词组/不定词词组”。
Happiness hinges not so much on wealth as on health.
快乐与其说在于财富倒不如说在于健康。
One's greatness lies not so much in his wealth as in his character.
一个人的伟大与其说是由他的财富来判断，倒不如说是由他的品德来判断。
Success lies not so much as in luck as in hard work.
与其说成功在于运气不如说是辛勤努力。
I lay down not so much to sleep as to think.
我躺下来与其说是要睡觉，倒不如说是要思考。
It is not so helpful to give someone some bread as to teach him how to make a living. 与其说给人面包很有帮助，倒不如说教导他如何谋生才重要。
Our success was attributed not so much to your help as to our cooperation.
我们的成功与其归功于您的帮忙，不如归功于我们的合作。
The great use of a school education is not so much to teach you things as to teach you the art of learning.
学校教育的最大用处，与其说是教你事物，不如说是教你学习的方法。
The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it. （=The oceans do not divide the world so much as unite it.）
与其说是海洋分割这个世界，不如说是统一这个世界。
not so much as ……
结构︰not so much as ……
说明︰此句型意为“甚至都不…”。
相当于“not even ……”。
本词组使用时，要置于助动词之后，即：
cannot so much as＋原形动词（甚至…都不能），do not so much as＋原形动词（甚至…都不），have not so much as＋过去分词（甚至…都没有）。
He cannot so much as write his own name. （=He cannot even write his own name.） 他甚至连自己的名字都不会写。
He did not so much as thank me. 他甚至都没谢我。
He is so stupid that he can't so much as eat. 他蠢得甚至连吃饭都不会。
When Mary walked in, she didn't so much as take a glance at me, which angered me.
玛丽进门时，连看我一眼都没有，真令人生气。
the more ……， the more ……
结构︰the＋比较级…，the＋比较级…
说明︰此句型意为“愈…，就愈…”。
若句中的主词为一般名词，而非代名词（he，it，you，they）或专有名词（John，Mary），且后面的动词为 be 动词时，该 be 动词可省略。
The more you soften a request, the more polite it becomes.
你愈使请求柔婉，请求就愈变为客气。
The longer you stay here, the more you will like the place.
你在这里待得愈久，你愈会喜欢这个地方。
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
你愈小心，你犯错就会愈少。
The more I learn, the less I feel I know.
学而后知不足。
The closer you stay to nature, the more you will appreciate her beauty.
你愈接近大自然，就愈能了解它的美。
The more leisure he has, the less he stays at home.
愈是有空，他愈不肯待在家里。
The better the boy （is）, the more I l
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