职称英语考试卫生类A级真题.docx

职称英语考试卫生类A级真题.docx

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职称英语考试卫生类A级真题

2008年职称英语考试卫生类（A级）真题

　　第1部分：

词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

　　下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

　　1withimmenserelief,istoppedrunning

　　asomebenormousclittledextensive

　　2thescientistsbegantoaccumulatedata.

　　acollectbhandlecanalyzedinvestigate

　　3jackeventuallyovertookthelasttruck

　　ahitbpassedcreacheddled

　　4sometimesitisadvisabletobookhotelsinadvance.

　　apossiblebprofitableceasydwise

　　5thereasonfortheirunusualbehaviorremainsapuzzle.

　　afactbmysterycstatementdgame

　　6thatguyisreallywitty.

　　asmartbuglychonorabledpopular

　　7theworldchampionsufferedasensationaldefeat.

　　areasonablebdramaticchumiliatingdhorrifying

　　8itseemsthatonlymaryiseligibleforthejob

　　apreparedbtrainedcqualifieddguided

　　9thispoemdepictsthebeautifulsceneryofatowninthesouth

　　apraisesbwritescimitatesddescribes

　　10themeaningisstillobscure

　　avaguebtransparentcaliendsignificant

　　11dumpedwastemightcontaminatewatersupplies

　　adestroybdecreasecdelaydpollute

　　12onetheorypostulatesthattheancientfilipinoscamefromlndiaandpersia

　　aassumesbexpectscpredictsdconsiders

　　13itisverydifficultforachildtoadheretorules

　　arememberbfollowcunderstanddlearn

　　14ihopethatididntdoanythingabsurd.1astnight

　　aawkwardbstrangecstupiddawful

　　15thereshouldbelawsthatprohibitsmokingaroundchildren

　　aforbidbadvocatecinheritdwithdraw

　　第2部分：

阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

　　下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择a;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择b;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择c。

　　sleepproblemsplaguetheolderset

　　olderamericansoftenhavedifficultygettingagoodnightsrest.it’sahugequalityof-lifeproblem，expertssay，becausecontrarytopopularbelief，seniorsrequireaboutthesameamountofsleepasyoungeradults.

　　sleepproblemsandsleepdisordersarenotaninherent（固有的）partofaging，saiddr.harrisong.bloom，anassociateclinicalprofessorofgeriatrics（老年病学）andmedicineatthemountsinaischoolofmedicineinnewyorkcity.itsprettymuchofamyththatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyoungerpeople.

　　yet.inastudypublishedrecentlyintheamericanjournalofmedicine，researchersfoundthatmorethanhalfofolderamericanshaveproblemsgettingthesleeptheyneed.

　　olderpeopletendtohavesleepfragmentation，meaningtheywakeupmoreoftenduringthenight，saidstudyauthordr.juliegammck，anassistantprofessorofmedicineinthedivisionofgeriatricmedicineatst.louisuniversity.

　　theyalsoseemtogetlessremsleep，thetypeofsleepduringwhichrapideyemovementoccurs，bloomadded.

　　itsunclearwhatrolethesenaturallyoccurringchangesinsleeppatternshaveonpersonsqualityoflife，bloomsaid.whatisimportant，though，isthatolderpeopleoftenhaveactualsleepdisordersandproblemswithsleep，hesaid.

　　and，expertssay，thereisusuallymorethanonecause.

　　sleeptroubleinolderadultsistypicallyassociatedwithacuteandchronicillnesses，includingspecificsleepdisorderslikesleepapnea（呼吸暂停）andrestlesslegsyndromethatappearwithgreaterfrequencyinolderpopulations，saidmichaelv.vitiello,aprofessorofpsychiatryandbehavioralsciencesandassociatedirectoroftheuniversityofwashingtonsnorthwestgeriatriceducationcenter.

　　takingmultiplemedications，asmanyolderpeopledo，canalsoleadt0fatigueahypersomnia，orbeingtiredallthetime，bloomadded.

　　anotherbigproblem，henoted，isdepressionandanxiety.thoseareverycommonlyassociatedwithsleepproblems.

　　despitetheprevalence（流行）ofsleepdifficultiesinolderadults，manypatientsarentgettingthehelptheyneed。

asaresult，problemslikeinsomnia（失眠），restlesslegsyndromeandsleepapneaareunderdiagnosedandundertreated，bloomsaid.

　　16.sleepproblemscanseriouslyaffectonesqualityoflife

　　arightbwrongcnotmentioned

　　17.itistruethatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyoungerpeople

　　arightbwrongcnotmentioned

　　18youngerpeopleinamericaseldomcomplainofsleepdisorders.

　　arightbwrongcnotmentioned

　　19.thenumberofolderamericanswithsleepproblemsisnotsmall.

　　arightbwrongcnotmentioned

　　20.sieepfragmentationreferstoamarkedlackofremsleep

　　arightbwrongcnotmentioned

　　21.thecausesofsleepproblemsinolderpeopleremainunidentified.

　　arightbwrongcnotmentioned

　　22.actionswillsoonbetakeninamericatobetterhelppeoplewithsleepproblems

　　arightbwrongcnotmentioned

　　第3部分：

概括大意与完成旬子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

　　下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选择1个最佳标题;

（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

　　depressionandtheelderly

　　1weallfeelsadattimes.however，clinicaldepressionisaseriousmatter.clinicaldepression,sometimescalledmajordepression，isabiologicallybasedbraindisorderthataffectsonesthoughts，feelings，behavior，andphysicalhealth.whenpeoplecomplainthattheyfeelterrible，theyhavenointerestortakenopleasureinthings，havetroublesleeping，lackenergy，havepoorappetite，orcannotconcentrate，depressionisadefinitepossibility.

　　2depressioninitsmanyformsaffectsmorethan6.5millionofthe35millionamericanswhoare65yearsorolder.mostolderpeoplewithdepressionhavebeensufferingfromepisodes（发作）oftheillnessduringmuchoftheirlives。

forothers.depressionhasafirstonset（起病）inlatelifeevenforthoseintheir80sand90s.depressioninolderpersonsiscloselyassociatedwithdependencyanddisabilityandcausesgreatsufferingfortheindividualandthefamily

　　3manyolderpeopleandtheirfamiliesdont-recognizethesymptomsofdepression，arentawarethatitisamedicalillness，anddontknowhowitistreatedothersmaymistakethesymptomsofdepressionassighsofdementia（痴呆）.also，manyolderpeoplethinkthatdepressionisacharacterflaw（缺陷）andareworriedaboutbeingstigmatized（给带来耻辱），sotheyblamethemselvesfortheirillnessandaretooashamed（羞耻的）togethelp，othersworrythattreatmentwouldbetoocostly.

　　4olderpersonswithdepressionrarelyseektreatmentfortheillness。

unrecognizedanduntreateddepressionhasfatalconsequencesintermsofbothsuicideandnon-suicidemortality（死亡率）.thehighestrateofsuicideintheusisamongolderwhitemendepressionisthesinglemostsignificantriskfactorforsuicideinthatpopulation。

tragically，manyofthosepeoplewhogoontocommitsuicidehavereachedoutforhelp-20%seeadoctorthedaytheydie，40%theweektheydie，and70%inthemonththeydie.yetdepressionisfrequentlymissed.

　　23.paragraph1----------------

　　24.paragraph2----------------

　　25.paragraph3----------------

　　26.paragraph4----------------

　　ahowcommonisdepressioninlaterlife?

　　bwhatisdepression?

　　cwhatrelievesdepressioninolderpeople?

　　dwhydoesdepressioninolderpeopleoftengountreated?

　　ecandepressioninolderpeoplebetreated?

　　fwhataretheconsequencesofuntreateddepressioninolderpeople?

　　27.clinicaldepressionisdifferentfrom-------------

　　28.depressioninolderpeopleisstronglylinkedwith--------------

　　29.depressionisregardedbymanyolderpeopleas--------------

　　30.manyolderpeoplecommitsuicideasaresultof----------------

　　aacharacterflaw

　　bnormalsadnessandgrief

　　cadefinitepossibility

　　ddependencyanddisability

　　easignificantriskfactor

　　funrecognizedanduntreateddepression

　　第4部分：

阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）.

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项.

　　第一篇

　　centersofthegreateuropeancities.

　　thecentersofthegreatcitiesofeuropearemeetingplacesbytradition.peoplegathertheretodrinkcoffeeandchatlateintothenight.amixtureoflocalsandtouristsmakeforanexciting，metropolitanatmosphere.

　　squares，plazas（广场）andarcades（拱廊）formtheheartofeuropescities.

　　veniceinitalyhasthepiazzasanmarcoabeautifulsquaresurroundedbyshops，churches，restaurantsandca怆s.1nbarcelona，spain，labosqueriaisalivelymarketwithhundredsofstallssellingallkindsofgoods.londonscoventgardenisfilledwithfruitandvegetablestallsbydayandmusicians，acrobats（杂技演员）andartistsbynight.thegovernmentbuildingsatthecenterofmanycitiesoftenarearchitecturallyimpressive.inlondon，theyserveasabeautifulbackdrop（背景）tothecoffeetablesthatlinethestreetsandthebanksofthethames.

　　thesevibrant（有活力的）heartsaretheproductofcenturiesofevolution，socialhistorianjoelgarreautoldusnewsandworldreportrecently.thereasonpeoplethinkveniceissogreattodayisyoudontseeallthemistakes，saidgarreau.thosehaveallbeenremoved.mosteuropeancitieswerelaidoutbeforetheinventionofthecar，sobars，restaurantsandcaf6swereneartopeopleshomes.today,thefocusofmanyeuropeanslifehasmovedawayfromthecenters.theyliveinthesuburbsandoutskirts，drivingtosupermarketstogettheirsupplies.butonacontinentwherepeopletreasureconvention，therearestillthosewhoholdontotraditionalways，livingandshoppinglocally.thesepeople，togetherwithtourists，providethecitycenterswiththeirreasonforexistence.

　　coffeecultureplaysapartinkeepingthesecitycentersflourishing.thisisparticularlytrueofpariswhosecitizensarefamousenthusiasticconversationalists，thisskillisdevelopedovermanyhoursspentchattingoverespressos（浓咖啡）andcigarettes.

　　religionalsoplaysaroleindevelopingsociableatmosphere.peopleinromancatholiccountriesusedtovisitthechurchonanalmostdailybasis.entirecommunitieswouldgatherinthesamebuildingandthenmoveouttothemarkets.caf6sandbarsinth