初中英语种时态复习及专题练习.docx
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初中英语种时态复习及专题练习
初中英语8种时态复习
.时态详解
一、一般现在时:
概念:
①表现在存在的状态;②现在经常、反复发生的动作。
时间状语:
always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),onceaweek,onSundays,etc.
基本结构:
①主语+be(am,is,are);②主语+行为动词原型(单三形式主语+动词单三形式)
否定形式:
①am/is/are+not;(is+not=isn’t;are+not=aren’t)
②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句:
①把be动词放于句首;
②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。
二、一般过去时:
概念:
①过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;②过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
时间状语:
ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month…),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,etc.
基本结构:
①主语+be(was,were);②主语+动词过去式
否定形式:
①was/were+not;(was+not=wasn’t;were+not=weren’t)
②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句:
①was或were放于句首;②用助动词did提问,同时还原行为动词。
三、现在进行时:
概念:
表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
时间状语:
now,look,listen,atthistime,thesedays,etc.
基本结构:
be(am,is,are)+doing
否定形式:
be(am,is,are)+not+doing.
一般疑问句:
把be动词放于句首。
四、过去进行时:
概念:
表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
时间状语:
atthistimeyesterday,atthattime或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
基本结构:
be(was,were)+doing
否定形式:
be(was,were)+not+doing.
一般疑问句:
把was或were放于句首。
五、现在完成时:
概念:
①过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果;②从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态(谓语动词必须是延续性动词,常和since,for连用)。
时间状语:
already,yet,sofar,recently,lately,since…for…,inthepast/lastfewyears,etc.
基本结构:
have/has+done
否定形式:
have/has+not+done.(have+not=haven’t;has+not=hasn’t)
一般疑问句:
have或has提到句首。
六、过去完成时:
概念:
①“过去的过去”发生的动作;②从过去某一时间持续到过去另一时间的动作,(谓语动词必须是延续性动词,常和since,for连用)。
时间状语:
already,yet,since,for,before,bytheendoflastyear(term,month…),bythetime,etc.
基本结构:
had+done.
否定形式:
had+not+done.(had+not=hadn’t)
一般疑问句:
had放于句首。
七、一般将来时:
概念:
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备(begoingto)做某事。
时间状语:
tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,inafewminutes,by…,thedayaftertomorrow,etc.
基本结构:
①be(am,is,are)goingto+do;②will/shall+do.
否定形式:
①be+not+goingto+do;②will/shall+not+do。
(will+not=won’t;shall+not=shan’t)
一般疑问句:
①be放于句首;②will/shall提到句首。
八、过去将来时:
概念:
立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
时间状语:
thenext(第二)day(morning,year…),thefollowingmonth(week…),etc.
基本结构:
①be(was,were)goingto+do;②would/should+do.
否定形式:
①be+not+goingto+do;②would/should+not+do.(would+not=wouldn’t;should+not=shouldn’t)
一般疑问句:
①be放于句首;②would/should提到句首。
Ⅱ.几种常见时态的相互转换
英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换,以下是几种常见的转换形式:
一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换
在现在完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用,瞬间动词却不能。
但是,可用别的表达方式:
①瞬间动词用于“一段时间+ago”的一般过去时的句型中;②瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,与一段时间连用;③瞬间动词用于“Itis+一段时间+since+一般过去时”的句型中,表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思,主句一般用itis来代替Ithasbeen;④瞬间动词用于“Sometimehaspassedsince+一般过去时”的句型中。
请看:
A.Hejoined(瞬间动词)theLeaguetwoyearsago.
B.Hehasbeenin(延续动词)theLeaguefortwoyears.
C.ItistwoyearssincehejoinedtheLeague.
D.TwoyearshaspassedsincehejoinedtheLeague.
二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换
在一般现在时中,at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”,如atwork(在工作),atschool(上学、上课)等。
此短语可与进行时态转换。
请看:
Peterisatwork,butMikeisatplay.
Peterisworking,butMikeisplaying.
三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换
在现在进行时态中go,come,leave,start,arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。
如:
Iamcoming,Mum!
意为“我就来,妈妈!
”请看:
Thetrainisleavingsoon.
Thetrainwillleavesoon.
四、“begoingto+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换
“begoingto+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事;将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中,当主语为第一人称时,常用助动词shall。
在口语中,所有人称都可以用will。
请看:
WearegoingtovisittheGreatWallnextSunday.
WeshallvisittheGreatWallnextSunday.
专题练习
一.过去进行时专练
1.I_____(have)mybreakfastathalfpastsixyesterdaymorning.
2.Mary_____(go)overherlessonsfromsixtosevenlastnight.Johnandpeter____(do)thesamething.
3.What_____you___(do)atthattime?
?
?
We_____(watch)TV.
4.Wasyourfatherathomeyesterdayevening?
Yes,hewas.He_____(listen)totheradio.
5.They_____(notmake)amodelshipwhenIsawhim.
6._____they____(have)ameetingat4yesterdayafternoon?
No,they_____.They_____(clean)theclassroom.
7.______it______(rain)whenyouleftschool?
?
Yes,it____.(No,it____)
8.What_____yourfather_____(do)whenhewasyourage?
9.Oneday,Edison_____(wait)foratraintoarrive,andsuddenlyalittleboyrantothetrack(轨道)toplay.
10.HeaskedmeifI______(go)fishingthatafternoon.
11.Thethreeofthemwereinahurrybecausetheirplane_____(leave)infiveminutes.
12.Inaletter,johntoldusthathe_____(come)tochinanextmonth.
13.Whenthebellrang,Jenny_____(wait)inherseat.
14.She_____(make)herdressthewholeafternoon.
15.Whilemyfather____(look)throughtheeveningpaper,hesuddenly____(hear)acry.
16.I__________(telephone)afriendwhenBob__________(come)in.
17.Whilemother________(put)Cathytobed,thedoorbell________(ring).
18.AsI__________(walk)inthepark,it__________(begin)torain.
Key:
1.?
?
washaving2.?
?
wasgoing,weredoing3.?
?
?
weredoing,werewatching4.?
?
waslistening5.?
?
werenotmaking6.?
?
Werehavingwerecleaning7.?
?
wasraining8.?
diddo(do)9.?
waswaiting10.?
?
wasgoing/wouldgo11.?
?
?
wasleaving12.?
?
?
iscoming/willcome13waswaiting14.?
?
?
wasmaking15.?
waslooking,heard
二。
现在完成时练习
1.I____already____(see)thefilm.I________(see)itlastweek.
2._____he____(finish)hisworktoday?
Notyet.
3.Myfather____just____(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.
4.Where’sLiMing?
He__________(go)totheteacher’soffice.
5.I__________(work)heresinceI______(move)herein1999.
6.SofarI_______________(make)quiteafewfriendshere.
7.Howlong________theWangs______________(stay)here?
Fortwoweeks.
8.I________just___________(finish)myhomework.
9.He________(go)toschoolonfooteveryday.
10.____you______(find)yoursciencebookyet?
11.Ifit____(be)finetomorrow,I'llgowithyou.
12.Thestudents____________(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.
13.Look!
Themonkey__________(climb)thetree.
14.Mymother__________(come)toseemenextSunday.
15.I'velostmypen._________you________(see)itanywhere?
Key:
1.have,seen,saw2.Has,finished3.has,come4.hasgone5.haveworked,moved6.havemade7.have,stayed8.have,finished9.goes10.have,found11.is12.werereading13.isclimbing14.iscoming15.Have,seen。
三.过去将来时
1.MissZhangsaidshe________(visit)theGreatWallnextsummer.
2.Shetoldhimthatshe________(notstay)hereforlong.
3.Iwasn’tsurewhetherLucy_______(come)thenextyear.
4.Thescientistssaidtheworld’spopulation_______(slow)downinfuture.
5.Shesaidthebus_______(leave)atfivethenextmorning.
6.Iwasn'tsurewhetherhe_______(lend)mehisbookthenextmorning.
7.Hewasfifty-six.Intwoyearshe_______(be)fifty-eight.
8.Whenevershehastime,she______(help)themintheirwork.
Key:
1.wouldvisit2.wouldnotstay3.wouldcome4.wouldslow5.wasleaving6.wouldlend7.wouldbe8.wouldhelp
四.过去完成时
1.Bytheendofthiscentury,we_________(build)oursintoastrongmoderncountry.
2.We_________(finish)theworkbysixyesterdayevening
3.Mrs.Wutoldmethathersister___________(leave)abouttwohoursbefore.
4.WhenIreachedhome,myparents__________(have)theirsupper.
5.Bythetimethespeakerenteredthehall,allthelisteners_______(seat).
五.一般将来时
1.Ifhe_______(study)harder,he_______(catch)upwithussoon.
2.---Don’tforgettoaskhimtowritetome.
---Iwon’t.Assoonashe_______(come),I_________(ask)himtowritetoyou.
3.There_______(be)atalkonscienceinourschoolnextMonday.
4.Ibelievethatthosemountains_______(cover)withtreesinafewyears’time.
5.Itissaidthatabout400cars_______(produce)inthefactorynextmonth.
六,七.一般现在时与现在进行时
1.Fatherusually______(read)hisnewspaperafterdinner.
2.TheBlacksoften______(go)tothecinemaonSaturdayevenings.
3.Look!
Theboy______(swim)withhismotherinthepool.
4.---WhatisTomdoingintheclassroom?
---He______(draw)somethingontheblackboard.
5.OldTomusually______(get)upatsixand______(do)sportsinthegarden.
6.It’steno’clockandJack______still(仍然)______hishomework.(do)
7.Thewaiters_____(start)toworkatfiveeverymorning.
8.Ahundreddays_____(be)quitealongtime.
9.Theclothes______(feel)verysoft.
10.I’llgoswimmingwithyouifI_____(be)freetomorrow.
11.Don’tmakesomuchnoise.We_____(listen)tothemusic.
12.ThesupermarketisfarfromMary’shouse.Soshe_____(goshopping)onlyonceaweek.
八.一般过去时
1.Themotheraskedtheboy_______(come)downtheladder梯子,buthewenton_______(climb)instead.
2.Theboywasmade_______(stand)thereforanhourbyhisfather
3.Isawhim_______(go)intothesmallstore.
4.Jane_______(buy)anewdresseverymonthwhenshewasinShanghai.
5.--LiuMeican’tcometonight.
---Why?
Butshe_______(tell)meshewouldcome.
6.Heturnedoffthelightandthen_______(leave).
1.Listen!
Someofthegirls________aboutHarryPotter.Let’sjointhem.
A.aretalkingB.talk
C.willtalkD.talked
2.Ourteacher,MissChen,________Englishontheradiothedayboreyesterday.
A.teachesB.taught
C.willteachD.hadtaught
3.Idon’tthinkI_________youinthatdressbefore.
A.haveseenB.wasseeing
C.sawD.see
4.Susan’sparentshaveboughtalargehousewithaswimmingpool.It_______beveryexpensive.
A.mustB.canC.mustn’tD.can’t
5.Coffeeisready.Howniceit________!
Wouldyoulikesome?
A.looksB.smellsC.soundsD.feels
6.“Mr.Zhu,you’dbetter_______toomuchmeat.Youarealreadyoverweight,”saidthedoctor.
A.nottoeatB.toeatC.noteatD.eat
7.“Don’talwaysmakeMichael________thisorthat.Heisalreadyabigboy,dear,”Mr.Bushsaidtohiswife.
A.doB.todoC.doesD.did
8.Sorr