高考英语二轮复习专题限时检测二十二阅读理解C篇专练三试题.docx

高考英语二轮复习专题限时检测二十二阅读理解C篇专练三试题.docx

《高考英语二轮复习专题限时检测二十二阅读理解C篇专练三试题.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语二轮复习专题限时检测二十二阅读理解C篇专练三试题.docx（9页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

高考英语二轮复习专题限时检测二十二阅读理解C篇专练三试题

专题限时检测（二十二）　阅读理解C篇专练（三）

制卷人：

歐陽文化、歐陽理複；制卷時間：

二O二二年二月七日

（一共3篇，限时24分钟）

A

（2021·一模）In2021,designerLizCiokajloreceivedataskfromtheMuseumofModernArt（Moma）inNewYork:

revisittheMoonBoot,afluffylookingsnowshoeinspiredbythefootwearusedbytheApolloastronauts.

Launchedin1972attheheightofthelunarmissions,theMoonBootisaniconofthe20thCentury's“plasticage〞andthemuseumadministratorswantedanewtakeonit.

Ciokajlosetouttoreimagineit.Sheknewonlyabiomaterialwouldworkina“postplasticage〞，butthedesigneralsowantedanewdestinationtoinspireit.Ourgeneration'sspacetravelobsessionisnottheMoon,shethought,buttheredplanet—Mars.AndMarsallowsyoutoreallythinkoutsideofthebox.

ThetaskledhertoanamazingbiomaterialthathadalreadyattractedtheattentionofengineersinnovatinginbuildingmaterialsandoftopspaceagencieslikeNASAandESA.Herfinaldesign,atall,female,roughlookingboot,canbemadeonboardaspaceshipwithalmostonlyhumansweatandafewfungusspores（真菌孢子）,idealforasevenmonthtriptoMarswithlimitedcheckinluggage.

Thismagicbiomaterialismycelium（菌丝体）,thevegetativepartofthefungus.Itlookslikeamassofwhitethreadlikestructures,eachcalledhyphae.Collectively,thesethreadsarecalledmyceliumandarethelargestpartofthefungus.

Myceliumhasamazingproperties.Itisagreatrecycler,asitfeedsoffasubstratetocreatemorematerial,andhasthepotentialofalmostlimitlessgrowthintherightconditions.Itcanenduremorepressurethanconventionalconcretewithoutbreaking.Itisaknowninsulatorandfireretardantandcouldevenprovideradiationprotectiononspacemissions.

OnEarthit'scurrentlyusedtocreateceilingpanels,leather,packagingmaterialsandbuildingmaterials,butinouterspaceitstandsoutforitsarchitecturalpotential,saysartistandengineerMaurizioMontalti,whohasteamedupwithCiokajlo.

Forherrevisitedboot,Ciokajlowantedtousethehumanbodyasthesourceforsomeofthebuildingmaterialsanddecidedtoemploysweat.Reusingsweatisnotentirelynewinspaceexplorationbutanoveltyapproachforfootwear.ShethinksitmightmakeastronautsfeelclosertohomeduringthelongjourneytoMars.

Thedesignisstillhypothetical,becausetherealbootsubmittedforMoma—andcurrentlyindisplayattheLondonDesignMuseum—didusemyceliumbutnothumansweat,astheirdeadlinewastootight,butthesciencechecksout.

语篇解读：

本文主要介绍了科学家正在设计只用人类的汗液和一些真菌孢子来制造“月亮靴〞。

1．Thesentences“‘Marshasalwaysbeenaplacewhereyoucandream.ItisaplacewhereyoucanreimaginehowtoliveonEarth.’Ciokajlosays.〞shouldbeput________.

解析：

选C　推理判断题。

插入句主要讨论关于火星的内容，文章中mars首次出如今文章第三段，因此该句话可以添加在第三段后，第四、五两段在议论biomaterial，具有连接性，中间不合适插入其他成分。

2．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingdoesn'tbelongtothecharacteristicsofmycelium?

A．Itcanberecyclable.

B．Itcanprotectpeoplefromradiation.

C．Itcangrowwithoutlimitwhateverthecondition.

D．Comparedwithconventionalconcrete,itcanenduremorepressure.

解析：

选C　细节理解题。

根据文章第六段第二句中“hasthepotentialofalmostlimitlessgrowthintherightcondition〞可知，它在适宜的环境中成长不受限制，故C项表达错误。

3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A．Thenewdesignwillbeusedformoonexploration.

B．Itwillbesometimebeforethenewdesignisputintoactualuse.

C．Myceliumhasbeencurrentlywidelyused,especiallyinouterspace.

D．Humansweatwasn'tusedinthedesignbecauseofsomedrawbacks.

解析：

选B　细节理解题。

根据文章最后一段第一句“Thedesignisstillhypothetical（adj.假设的）〞可知该设计还处于设想阶段，还没有施行。

4．Theauthortakesa（n）________attitudetowardsthenewdesign.

A．optimistic　　　　B．indifferent

C．objectiveD．doubtful

解析：

选A　纵观全文，作者对newdesign持有积极的态度，应选择optimistic。

B

（2021·扬、泰、南、淮、徐、宿、连三模）Researchersaroundtheworldinterestedinuncoveringcomplexhumandisorders,suchasAlzheimer'sdisease,couldsoonhaveaccesstoclonedmonkeyswithgenomesthathavebeeneditedtodisplaytheseconditionsinChina.

On24January,scientistsattheInstituteofNeuroscience（ION）inShanghaireportedthattheyhadusedgeneeditingtodisableageneinmonkeysthatiscrucialtotheirsleepwakecycle.Thescientiststhenclonedoneofthosemonkeystoproducefiveprimates（灵长目动物）withalmostidentical（一样的）genes.Itisthefirsttimethatresearchershaveclonedageneeditedmonkey.

Primatesarethebestanimalmodelforstudyinghighercognitive（认知的）functionsandbraindisordersinhumans,saysneuroscientistMumingPoo,ION'sdirectorandcofounderofthenew720millionyuan（US＄106million）centre.Theadvantageofcreatingclonedmonkeysisthatitreducesthenumberofanimalsneededforcertaintypesofexperiments,suchastestingwhetheradrugworks.

Butsomescientiststhinkthatexperimentsusingmonkeysshouldbealastapproachbecauseoftheirhigherlevelsofcognition.MitchellLazar,whostudiesmetabolicdiseaseattheUniversityofPennsylvania,saysthatsomeexperimentsinmice—forexample,researchintothegenesbehindhumandiseases—areequallyappropriatescientificallyasinprimates.Researchinmiceisalsomoreacceptedbythepublic,andtheanimalsarecheaperandquickertoproduce.Lazarworriesthatifscientistshavereadyaccesstopopulationsofgeneeditedmonkeys,theymightusethemforexperimentswhenrodents（啮齿动的）woulddo.

Poosaysthatmicearenotagoodsubstituteforstudyinghighercognitivefunctionsandbraindisordersinhumans.Hearguesthatcloningwillreducetheburdenonmonkeysbycuttingthenumberusedinlabs.TheIONfollowsstrictinternationalguidelinesforanimalresearch,hesays.

Poo'steamwillcontinuetostudytheeffectofgeneeditingontheirfiveclonedmonkeys.Thegroupdisabledagene,BMAL1,thathasacrucialroleinmaintainingcircadianrhythm（生理节奏）,theinternalclockthathelpsahealthysleepwakecycle.Inpeople,BMAL1mutationshavebeenlinkedtodiabetes,hypertensionanddepression.

ThemonkeyswiththedisabledBMAL1genesmovemoreatnightandsleeplessoverall.Theyalsodisplaypsychosisrelatedsymptoms,suchasfearandanxiety,whenputinunfamiliarenvironments.

Theteam'snextstepistolookindetailattheneural（神经的）mechanismsthatmightcreatetheseproblems.Itwillalsotakeadvantageofthegeneticallyidenticalmonkeystohuntfordiagnosticmarkersofcircadianrhythmrelateddisordersandpossibletreatments.

语篇解读：

本文主要介绍了中国开场克隆和人类有着类似基因的猴子，用来做科学实验，从而找到一些比拟棘手的疾病的治疗方法。

5．Whywerethegeneticallyidenticalmonkeyscloned?

A．Toprovescientists'innovationincloninganimals.

B．Tostudytherarecharacteristicsofclonedmonkeys.

C．Toexploremanypossibilitiesformonkeys'cognition.

D．Toprovideimprovedanimalmodelsofhumandiseases.

解析：

选D　推理判断题。

根据第三段第一句“Primatesarethebestanimalmodelforstudyinghighercognitive（认知的）functionsandbraindisordersinhumans，〞可知，灵长类动物是研究人类高级认知功能和大脑紊乱的最正确动物模型。

所以克隆更多的和人类有着类似基因的灵长类动物，是为了给人类的疾病提供更好的动物模型。

6．WhatdoesMitchellLazarthinkofcloningmonkeys?

A．Itisoflittlevalue.

B．Itisofmuchpractice.

C．Itishardlyacceptable.

D．Itiscompletelyillegal.

解析：

选C　细节理解题。

根据第四段的内容尤其是第二句和第三句“MitchellLazar,...saysthatsomeexperimentsinmice...areequallyappropriatescientificallyasinprimates.Researchinmiceisalsomoreacceptedbythepublic〞可知，他认为用小白鼠做实验也能到达用猴子做实验的效果，而且用小白鼠做实验也更容易被公众所承受。

言下之意就是用猴子做实验不容易被人们所承受。

7．FromthepassagewecanknowthatPoo'steamwill________.

A．continuetodisableageneonthemonkeys

B．trytoclonemoremonkeysandedittheirgenes

C．findthesimilaritiesbetweenhumansandmonkeys

D．determinethecauseofsleepdisordersandfindcures

解析：

选D　推理判断题。

根据最后一段第二句“Itwillalsotakeadvantageofthegeneticallyidenticalmonkeystohuntfordiagnosticmarkersofcircadianrhythmrelateddisordersandpossibletreatments.〞可知，它还将利用基因一样的猴子来寻找昼夜节律相关疾病的诊断标记和可能的治疗方法。

8．What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A．Chineseefforttoclonegeneeditedmonkeyskicksoff.

B．Chinesedreamtoclonemonkeyshasfinallycometrue.

C．Cloningmonkeysisanimportantbreakthroughinscience.

D．Cloninggeneeditedmonkeyshascausedsomemoralrisks.

解析：

选A　根据第一段的内容可知，世界各地对发现复杂的人类疾病（如阿尔茨海默病）感兴趣的研究人员，很快就在中国在基因被编辑过的克隆猴上做实验了。

再根据第二段最后一句“Itisthefirsttimethatresearchershaveclonedageneeditedmonkey.〞这是第一次有研究人员使用克隆猴，由此可见以“中国克隆基因编辑过猴子的努力开场了〞作为文章的标题比拟合适。

C

（2021·苏、锡、常、镇三模）Ourhomegalaxy（星系）,theMilkyWay,makesforaprettyspacepicture,anditlooksnormalatadistance.Butanew3Dmaprevealsasurprise._________________

TheMilkyWayisaspiral（漩涡型的）galaxy,inwhichstarsandgascloudsexistmainlyinitsspiral“arms〞．Ourmassiveneighbor,theAndromedagalaxy（仙女座）,isalsospiral.Spiralgalaxiesusuallyappearveryflatandeasytoseethroughatelescope,saidtheresearchers.

Using1,339large,pulsating（脉冲的）starstomakea3DmapoftheMilkyWay,researchersdiscoveredinsteadthatthegalaxy'sdiskofstarsisincreasinglytwisting,mostlikelyduetothespinningofthedisk.Andthefartherthestarsarefromthecenter,themoretwisteditbecomes.

Previously,astronomerssawevidenceofhydrogencloudsbecomingwarped（弯曲的）intheMilkyWay.Thisisn'tcompletelyabnormal,becauseastronomershavenoticedthesamepatternofprogressivelytwistingspiralsinaboutadozenothergalaxies.Butitdoeshelpthemmakemoresenseofourgalaxy.

Becauseweliveinthisgalaxy,thatmakesithardertoobserve,anddustandstarlightmakeitevenmoredifficultwhenusingtelescopes.Tryingtodeterminewhatourgalacticcenterlookslikeissimilartotryingtofindthecenterofaforestyou'restandingin.

“ItisextremelydifficulttodeterminedistancesfromtheSuntopartsoftheMilkyWay'soutergasdiskwithouthavingacleari