英语高考英语阅读理解模拟试题及解析.docx
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英语高考英语阅读理解模拟试题及解析
【英语】高考英语阅读理解模拟试题及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Manypeoplehavelongdreamedofbeingabletoflyaroundassimplyasridingabicycle.Yetthesafetyandstrengthofaflyingbikewasalwaysabigproblem.Overthepast10years,developmentsintechnologyhavemovedthedreamofpersonalflyingvehiclesclosertoreality.Now,twogroupsofinventorssaysuchvehiclesmaybeavailablesoon.
TheBritishcompanyMalloyAeronauticshasdevelopedaprototype(原型)ofitsflyingbicycle.GrantStapleton,marketingsalesdirectorofMalloyAeronautics,saystheHoverbikeisabletogetinandoutofsmallspacesveryquickly.Itcanbemovedacrosscontinentsveryquicklybecauseitcanbefoldedandpacked,headds.
Mr.Stapletonsayssafetywasthecompany'smainconcern.Hesaysthedesignerssolvedthesafetyissuebyusingoverlappingrotors(交叠式旋翼)topowerthevehicle.
Thecompanyistestingafull-sizeprototypeoftheHoverbike,whichwillmostlikelybeusedfirstbythepoliceandemergencyrescueteams.
InNewZealand,theMartinAircraftCompanyisalsotestingafull-sizeprototypeofitspersonalflyingdevice,calledtheJetpack.Itcanflyformorethan30minutes,upto1,000metershighandreachaspeedof74kilometersperhour.
PeterCokeristheCEOofMartinAircraftCompany.HesaidtheJetpack“isbuiltaroundsafetyfromthestart.Inhiswords,reliabilityisthemostimportantelementofit.Wehavesafetybuiltintotheactualstructureitself,verysimilartoaFormulaOneracingcar.”
TheJetpackusesagasoline-poweredenginethatproducestwopowerfuljetstreams.Mr.Cokersaysitalsohasaparachute(降落伞)thatcanbeusedshouldtherebeanemergency.“Itstartstoworkatverylowaltitudeandactuallysavesboththeaircraftandthepilot,”headds.Mr.CokersaystheJetpackwillbereadyforsalesoon.
(1)WecanlearnfromthepassagethattheHoverbike .
A. canhardlygetinandoutofsmallspacesquickly
B. canflyforover30minutes,upto1,000metershigh
C. hasbeenusedbythepoliceandemergencyrescueteams
D. canbetransportedquicklyafterbeingfoldedandpacked
(2)ThewriterusestheexampleofForOneracingcartoshowthat .
A. theJetpackisverysafeandreliable
B. theengineoftheJetpackispowerful
C. theactualstructureoftheJetpackisunique
D. theJetpackcanreachagreatspeedandheight
(3)Theunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphrefersto.
A. thejetstream
B. theengine
C. theJetpack
D. theparachute
(4)Whatistheauthorsmainpurposeofwritingthepassage?
A. Todescribetheproblemsofinventingflyingvehicles.
B. Tointroducethelatestdevelopmentofflyingvehicles.
C. Toshowthedifferencesbetweentwoflyingvehicles.
D. Toadvertisethetwopersonalflyingvehicles.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)A
(3)D
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文为说明文,主要讲述一种个人飞行工具很快就会应用于现实。
然而安全性和强度一直是个大问题。
文中介绍了两家飞器公司都关注安全性问题。
(1)细节理解题。
第五段最后一句可知,theJetpack.可飞行30分钟,高达1000米,而不是Hoverbike,故B错误,根据第四段可知C项说有将可能首先应用于由警察和应急救援队,而不是已用于,故C错误。
根据第二段最后theHoverbikeisabletogetinandoutofsmallspacesveryquickly.Itcanbemovedacrosscontinentsveryquicklybecauseitcanbefoldedandpacked,可知,Hoverbike能够很快地进出小空间。
它可快速地在大陆上移动,因为它可以折叠和包装。
分析选项可知,A说不能快速进入小空间,故错误。
D项说在折叠和包装后可以快速运输。
即D正确。
故选D。
(2)推理判断题。
第六段PeterCoker说Jetpack从一开始就围绕安全进行的。
安全可靠性是最重要的因素。
我们在车的现行结构中植入了了安全性,非常类似于FormulaOne赛车。
分析选可知A项(Jetpack安全可靠)符合题意,故答案选A。
(3)猜测词义题。
根据最后一段Mr.Cokersaysitalsohasaparachute(降落伞)thatcanbeusedshouldtherebeanemergency.“Itstartstoworkatverylowaltitude….,Coker先生说Jetpack上也有降落伞,可以在紧急情况下使用。
“在海拔非常低的情况下开始用它…”。
由此可知,Jetpack上的降落伞(它)是在海拔低时才用。
由此可知it指的是parachute(降落伞) 故答案选D。
(4)主旨大意题。
根据第一段可知,许多人一直梦想能像骑自行车一样飞来飞去,科技的发展让这个梦想很快实现。
然而飞行自行车的安全性和强度一直是个大问题。
接着下面叙述了这种飞行器的问题最重要的是安全问题。
分析选项,可知A项描述发明飞行器的问题,符合题意,故答案选A。
【点评】阅读理解细节题解题技巧:
1)语义转换题--跳读查找法:
根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子,然后进行比较和分析,便可确定最佳答案。
2)生活应用题--常识理解法:
在读懂文章的基础上结合一定的生活常识进行判断。
3)细节排序题--首尾定位法:
根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系,找出事件发生的正确顺序。
4)寻找信息题--题干定位法:
寻找信息题一般为功能阅读题,主要形式有广告、公告、演出信息、航班时间表等。
2.阅读理解
Whenwasthelasttimeyouusedplasticplates?
Nexttime,whynottrysomeedibleones?
You'llhelptheenvironmentandyourguestswon'tgohungry."Iusedtoworkinschoolcateringandsawalotofmoneybeingthrownaway.Ithoughtthatwascriminal,soIdecidedtodosomethingaboutit,"saidItalianschoolchefTizianoVicentini.
Now,Vicentinihasanamazingrangeofedibleplatesforschools.Theplatesaremadeoutofbreaddough,soyoucaneatthemafterwards."Thesedishescostafewpennieseachandareeithereatenbythekids,orgointorecyclingbinsforanimalfood,"explainedVicentini,50,ofMilan.Butnowothercompaniesaredevelopingedibleplates,too.TheEdible-PlateCompanyoffersedibleplates,bowls,traysandcups.Theirproductsareenvironmentally-friendly,100%biodegradableandcanbeusedforalltypesofcateringandhomeuse.Andthey'remadefromanaturalplant.Afteruse,theycanbefedtoanimalsorlefttodegradenaturally.
Theyalsohavearangeofcutlery(餐具)madefromcornandpotatostarch(淀粉).Theseplateswillalsohelpreducetheamountofplastic;wecreate.Wastefromplasticcausesalotofdamagetotheenvironment,aswellascostinggovernmentsmillionsmwastemanagement.Plasticbagsoftenendupinlandfillsitesoronthestreet.Andtheburningofplasticwastecausestoxicgasesthatpollutetheair.Inresponsetothis,governmentsaroundtheworldareintroducingtoughrecyclingregulations.Andmanyshopsareofferingbiodegradableplasticbagsandeco-safepackagingontheirproducts.Tohelpmatters,theInternationalOrganizationforStandardization(theISO)hasalsodevelopedasystemtoevaluatethebiodegradabilityofproducts,withacertificationandlogoscheme,Meanwhile,howaboutaniceplateforlunch?
(1)Whichofthefollowingisnottheadvantageofedibleplates?
A. Theyareexpensive. B. Theycandegradenaturally.
C. Theyareenvironmentally-friendly.
D. Theyaremadefromnaturalplant.
(2)Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A. TizianoisfromGermany. B. Edibleplatesareonlyusedforschoolcatering.
C. Cornandpotatostarchcanbeusedtomakecutlery.
D. TheEdiblePlateCompanydoesn'tproduceediblebowls.
(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"referto?
A. Theairpollution.
B. Theediblecutlery.
C. Thetoxicgasescausedbytheburningofplastic.
D. Thedamagetotheenvironmentcausedbyplasticwaste.
(4)Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A. Themeasurestostopthepollution.
B. Thewaystoreducetheplasticwaste.
C. Howtomakeedibleplatesfromnaturalplants..
D. Theplatesolutiontoeatingandenvironmentalproblem.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)C
(3)D
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了饮食和环境的问题,并且提出了相应的解决方法。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的“Theirproductsareenvironmentally-friendly,100%biodegradableandcanbeusedforalltypesofcateringandhomeuse.Andthey'remadefromanaturalplant.Afteruse,theycanbefedtoanimalsorlefttodegradenaturally.”可知,“昂贵”不是edibleplates的优势。
故选A。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“Theyalsohavearangeofcutlery(餐具)madefromcornandpotatostarch(淀粉).”可知,玉米和马铃薯淀粉可用于制作餐具。
故选C。
(3)考查代词指代。
根据第三段中的“Wastefromplasticcausesalotofdamagetotheenvironment,aswellascostinggovernmentsmillionsmwastemanagement.Plasticbagsoftenendupinlandfillsitesoronthestreet.Andtheburningofplasticwastecausestoxicgasesthatpollutetheair.Inresponsetothis,governmentsaroundtheworldareintroducingtoughrecyclingregulations.”塑料垃圾对环境造成了很大的破坏,同时也给政府带来了数百万的垃圾管理。
塑料袋经常会出现在垃圾填埋场或街道上。
而燃烧的塑料垃圾会导致有毒气体污染空气。
作为对此的回应,世界各国政府正在出台严格的回收法规。
由此可知this指的是“塑料垃圾对环境造成的破坏。
”故选D。
(4)考查主旨大意。
根据第一段中的“Whenwasthelasttimeyouusedplasticplates?
Nexttime,whynottrysomeedibleones?
You'llhelptheenvironmentandyourguestswon'tgohungry."可知,本文讲述的是饮食和环境问题的解决方案。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断,代词指代和主旨大意四个题型的考查,是一篇科普类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理,概括归纳,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
ThecostoflivingincountriesliketheU.S.,Britain,AustraliaorFrancehasskyrocketedinrecentyears.However,ifyou'rewillingtoleaveyourcountryandexplorelifeinotherareas,therearemanycountriesboastinganextremelycheapandlowcostofliving.Checkoutthefollowingcountrieswhenplanningyournextmove.
Ecuador
EcuadorissimilartotheUnitedStatesinmanyways,andasaresulthasbecomeapopularAmericangetaway.TheyevenusetheU.S.Dollarfortheircurrency.Inthiscountry,it'scheapertoeatouteverydaythancookforyourselfonabudgetintheU.S.Youcanevenbuyapropertyforaround$50000andhiresomeonetotendtoitwhileyou'reaway
Mexico
Althoughthecountryisknownforitspovertyriddenstreets,therearemanywealthierareasthatprovideeveryfacilityyoumightneed.Youcanliveoffamere$700to$800amonthinMexico,andthisincludesrentforaniceplace,facilities,food,andanysightseeing.
Argentina
Argentinahasbeenapopulartouristdestinationformanyyears.Ithasgreatrestaurants,arichhistory,andmanyplacestoexplore.Nottomention,it'snotveryexpensivetolivehere.Adecentsizedhomecancostaround$139000,whichisrelativelycheapinrelationtohomesintheUnitedStates.
Vietnam
Vietnamhasalsobecomeapopulartouristdestinationinrecentyears.Therearemanymilliondollarluxuryhomesbythebeach,butyoucanfindamodestfiatorsmallhomeforaround$25000to$50000ifyousearchintherightareas.
(1)Howmuchdoesittakeat