高考英语人物故事类阅读专训.docx

高考英语人物故事类阅读专训.docx

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高考英语人物故事类阅读专训

高考英语人物故事类阅读专训

1、材料特点

人物故事类阅读理解文章是高考英语常考材料之一。

这类文章一般可分为人物传记和短篇故事两类。

人物传记主要涉及某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和奋斗历程等，其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，脉络清楚，可读性较强。

因此，阅读这类文章应该抓住时间线索来获取有关信息，即主人翁在某个时间做过什么，然后通过分析推理、综合归纳的方法进行解题。

　　短篇故事与人物传记不同的是，这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生发展或结局，有人物、时间、地点和事件。

命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件的之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因和后果的推测等方面着手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。

阅读这类材料时，同学们一定要根据主要情节掌握文章主旨大意，同时抓住每一个细节，设身处地根据文章内容揣摩作者的态度和意图，根据情节展开想象，即使是碰到深层理解题也可迎刃而解。

　　这两类阅读材料一般较长，即词数多，而且命题也较多，特别是推理判断题和事实细节题多。

同学们在做此类阅读理解题时往往是材料看得懂，题目不好做的感觉。

因此，同学们在阅读材料时要重点放在事情发展的过程和结果上，注意把握事件的发展进程及人物之间的关系，细节与主题的关系，用以说明人物性格特点的事实、作者的态度等，这些内容往往是推理判断题的命题点。

掌握了这些内容，同学们在做推理判断题时就不会以个人思维想象代替根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断，也只有这样才不会以偏概全。

至于事实细节题的解答，同学们切忌想当然或者凭印象，一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择。

2、实战演练

①短文填空【选做题】

1．In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon．Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible（61）　　（crowd）ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand（62）　　work．Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod．Thisincludeddigginguptheroad，（63）　　（lay）thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover（64）　　top．Whenallthosehadbeendone，theroadsurfacewasreplaced．

Steamengines（65）　　（use）topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen（66）　　（fair）unpleasantforthepasssengers，withallthesmokeandnoise．However，therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths，morethan25，000peoplewereusing（67）　　everyday．

Later，engineers（68）　　（manage）toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels（隧道），whichbecameknownastheTube．Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe（69）　　（introduce）ofelectric﹣poweredenginesandlifts．TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost（70）　　（success）ofthesenewlines，andwasopenedin1900．Ithadwhite﹣paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages，andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic．

2．Marywilleverforgetthefirsttimeshesawhim．Hesuddenlyappearedinclassoneday，（16）　　（wear）sunglasses．Hewalkedinasifhe（17）　　（buy）theschool，AndthewordquicklygotaroundthathewasfromNewYoukCity．

ForsomereasonhesatbesideMary．Maryfelt（18）　　（please），becausethereweremanyemptyseatsintheroom．Butshequicklyrealizedthatitwasn'ther，itwasprobablythefactthatshesatin（19）　　lastrow．

（20）　　hethoughthecloudescapeattentiongbysittingattheback，hewaswrong．Itmighthavemadeitalittle（21）　　（hard）foreverybodybecauseitmeanttheyhadtoturnaround，butthatdidn'tstopthekidsintheclass．Ofcoursewhenevertheyturndtolookathim，theyhadtolookatMary，（22）　　madeherfeelliakeastar．

"Doyouneedthoseglassesformedicalreasons？

"theteacherasked．Thenewboyshookhishead．"ThenI'dappreciateitifyoudidn'tweartheminclass．IliketolookatyoureyeswhenI'mspeakingtoyou．"Thenewboylookedattheteacher（23）　　afewsecondsandalltheotherstudentswondered（24）　　theboywoulddo．Thenhetook（25）　　off，gaveabigsmileandsaid"Thatiscool"

　②阅读理解【第一篇提供在全文中寻找的关键词】

3．BeforeWorldWarII，allbanktellers（出纳）weremen．Butasmenwenttowarduringtheearly1940s，bankstrainedwomentotaketheirplace．Iwasamong20womenselectedbyBankofAmericatoworkasatelleratasmallbranchinLosAngeles．

November23，1942wasadayI'llneverforgetwhenIwas22yearsoldandjusttwomonthsonthejob．Whenawell﹣dressedmaninasuit，tieandhatcametomywindow．Igreetedhimwithafriendly"Goodafternoon．"Butheshouted，"Thisisit!

"

'Themanplacedabrownbagonthecounterandsaid；"Fillitup．"Becauseof'thewayhewasdressed，itdidn'tdawnonmethatthiswasahold﹣up（持枪抢劫）．Iwassureitmustbeatestofthenewtellers'abilitytofollowbankrules．Eagertopasssuchatest，Icoollyopenedthebag，andthencalmlyfilleditwithmarkedbills．

"Noneofthese!

"themanshouted，insistingthatIfillthebagwithcashfromanotherteller'sdrawer．Well，thatwasabigno﹣nofromtraining：

Younevertouchanotherteller'scash!

Ifirmlytoldhimitwasagainstbankrules．Youcanimaginethedisbeliefontherobber'sface．Othertellerslatertoldmetheycouldn'tbelieveIrefusedtherobber'sdemands．

Whenthemantoldmetostandinfrontoftheotherstaffalongthewall，threateningtoshootmeifanyonemoved，Ifinallyrealizedthiswasreal．Aftertherobberfledthebank，themanagergothisgunandwentaftertherobberbuthefailedtocatchhim．Therobberwascaughtafteranotherbankhold﹣up，andIwastoldIwasthefirstfemaletellertobeheldupinCalifornia，whichwasafactthatattractedmanyreporters．

24．Whywasiteasyfortheauthortobecomeabankteller？

A．Femaleswerethoughtresponsible．B．Therewasalackofmaleworkers．

C．SheworkedfarbetterthanmenD．Womencouldbetrainedeasily．

关键词：

why，author（I），bankteller

25．Whydidtheauthorfeelcalmatthebeginningoftheincident？

A．Shewaswelltrained．B．Shetookitforatest．

C.Sheknewthemanhadnogunwithhim．D.Shehadexperiencedthesamethingbefore．

关键词：

why，author，beginning

26．Howdidtherobberfeelwhenheheardtheauthor'swordsinParagraph4？

A．Worried．B．Disappointed．C．Skeptical．D．Ashamed．

关键词：

robber，whenheard…，paragraph4

27．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthoraftertheincident？

A．Shewasthesubjectofmanynewsstories．B：

Shecaughttherobberinanotherhold﹣up．C．Shewastoblameforlosingmoney．D．Shesucceedinchangingherjob．

关键词infer，aftertheincident

　4．LyingalongsidemountainsofsmellytrashundertheglazingSouthAmericansun，CateuraisalongwayfromtheconservatoriesofPragueorVienna．Yetthetownship，whichgrewoutofParaguay'slargestdump，isgaininganreputationasahothouseformusicaltalent﹣﹣andforitsyouthorchestrathatplaysinstrumentsmadefromtrash．"Theworldsendsusgarbage．Wesendbackmusic，"saysFavioChavez，leaderofthe"RecycledOrchestra，"duringarecentvisitbythegrouptoLosAngeles．Orchestramembers，poorchildrenfromCateura，playviolinsfashionedfromoventraysandguitarsmadefromdessertdishes．Theorchestraprovidestheyoungstersanoutletandanescape，achancetogobeyondthemessoftheirslumthroughthemusicofMozart，andevenSinatra．"Inthebeginning，itwasdifficulttoplay，"says10﹣year﹣oldviolinistCelesteFleitas．"ButFaviohelpedmelearnovertime．FromFavio，IhavelearnedtobemoreresponsibleandvaluethethingsIhave．"

Thedestinationformorethan1500tonsofwasteeachday，thecommunityhasnosafedrinkingwaterandlittleaccesstoelectricityorsanitation．Illiteracyissevere，andthechildrenofthetownshipoftenfallintodrugs，violenceanddelinquency．

FavioChavez，amusicalgenius，cametoCateuraasanenvironmentaltechnicianin2006andstartedayouthmusicschool．Heknewshop﹣boughtinstrumentswerebeyondthemeansofvillageswhoseshedsareworthlessthanaviolin，soheapproachedacarpentertomakesomeoutofwastefromthedump．

TheorchestracaughttheeyeofParaguayanfilmmakerAlejandraAmarilla．SheuploadedashortclipoftheorchestratoYouTubein2012，hopingtosecurecrowdfundingforwhatwouldbecomeLandfillHarmonic，atheatricaldocumentaryreleasedacrosstheUnitedStatesthismonthandpromotingtheyoungstersonatouroftheworld'smusichallslateron．

32．Whatisthebesttitleofthetext？

A．Youngsterscarrytunesfromtrashtotriumph．

B．Amusicgeniushittheroadtotheworldstage．

C．Atownhasbecomeaparadiseformusicfans．

D．Anorchestraisonaglobaltourofmusichalls．

33．WhatdoweknowaboutCateura？

A．Ithasraisedpeople'sawarenessofrecyclingtrash．

B．Ithascaughtmoreattentionthroughtheorchestra．

C．Itrecyclesmorethan1，500tonsofrubbishperday．

D．Itprovidesitschildrenwithbetterschoolingconditions．

34．WhydidAlejandraAmarillauploadaclipoftheorchestratoYouTube？

A．Toassisttheyoungsterswithaworldtour．

B．Tocollectfundingforatheatricaldocumentary．

C．Toorganizecarpenterstomakeinstruments．

D．TocatchtheeyeoftheParaguaygovernment．

35．WhatcanwelearnfromFavioChavez？

A．Toworkinateamweighsmore．B．Torecyclethingsistoconservethings．

C．Tobecreativeisaqualityofaleader.DToownnothingisnoexcusetodonothing．

5．ThefirsttimeshesawBryceLoski，sheflipped．ThefirsttimehesawJuliBaker，heran．Forsixyearsoflivingcloseby，theyhadplayedthesamegameofcat﹣and﹣mouse（Juliwasthecat；Brycewastheunfortunatemouse）．

ForyearsJulidreamedofonething：

herfirstkissfromtheboy．Nothingelseseemedtomatter．ButwhenJuli'sfavoritesycamoretreeisthreatenedbydevelopers，thingsbegintochange．Shebeginstoseethingsandplacesandpeopleinadifferentlight．Things，foryears，shethoughttobeimportant，becomethingsshecanlivewithout；andpeopleshethoughttobethecenterofheruniverse，becomenothingmorethanastarinafarawaygalaxy．

ThingsbeginchangingwithBrycealso．Itallbeginswiththeeggs…whichthencauseadominoeffectofchangeswithhisrelationshipswithhisbestfriend，hisfather，theBakersand，ultimately，Juli．

Ihadseenthisbookontheshelfatbookstoresforyears，butneverbotheredtopickitupbecauseitlookedtobeanotherbookfromJerrySpinelli（notexactlymyfavoriteauthorintheworld）andso，continually，Iwouldwalkpastitwithoutgivingitasecondglance．IfbychanceIhadpickeditup，Imostlikelywouldnothavereadit，sincethesummaryonthebackdidn'tseemtooappealing．Itwasn'tuntilacoupleofweeksagothatIheardaboutFlippedthemovie．IreadaninterviewwithCallanMcAuliffe（theactorwhoportraysBryce）andthoughtthatFlippedwasaromancerightupmyalley；cute，innocentandasfarfromJaneAustinasyoucouldpet．Afterreadingtheinterviewandasummaryofthemovie．Ifoundtheplot﹣linetobeso