毕业设计说明书修改.docx

毕业设计说明书修改.docx

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毕业设计说明书修改

无锡职业技术学院

系别（部、分院）电子信息技术系

班级电子工艺30902班

姓名马黎

学号3070090217

课题名称光电计数器

指导教师王波职称讲师

指导教师郑洪亮职称高级工程师

2012年3月17日

无锡职业技术学院

毕业设计任务书

课题名称光电计数器的设计

指导教师王波职称讲师

指导教师郑宏亮职称高级工程师

专业名称电子工艺与管理班级30902

学生姓名马黎学号3070090217

课题需要完成的任务：

设计要求：

1、实现0―999范围计数，能在超出最大值后溢出报警；

2、要求使用红外发光二极管、光电管检测；

3、能在设定值报警，能在报警后延时3秒钟自动关闭报警并自动重新计数；可以手动清除报警；

4、要求光电发射管与接收管有1米以上的间距；

5、画出完整的电路原理图（包含电源部分）和PCB板图。

课题计划：

2012.2.13~2012.2.20查资料,初步方案设计。

2012.2.21~2012.2.28设计最佳方案。

2012.3.1~2012.3.15画原理图,印制电路板,编写程序调试系统。

2012.3.16~2012.4.1写毕业论文,并做答辩准备。

计划答辩时间：

4.2~4.6

电子信息技术系（部、分院）

2011年12月29日

英文

IntroductionofElectronicTechnology

Infact,thehistoryofthedevelopmentofmicroelectronictechnologyisnotlong,onthecontrary,itslatestart.Becauseuntil1958,theUnitedStatesmicroelectronicsexpertsKilbyinventedtheworld'sfirstintegratedcircuit"germaniumoscillator,"theonlymarksthebeginningofhumansocietyenteredtheeraofmicroelectronics.

Althoughalatestartmicroelectronictechnology,butaselectronicsandinformationscienceandtechnologyfrontierdisciplines,itisinthesociallifeandplayadecisiverole:

itwitheconomicdevelopmentareinseparable,andiscloselyrelatedtopeople'slives,alsointhenationaldefenseandsecurityplaysirreplaceableandimportantrole.

Citeanexampleoflife,wehavetousepublictransportBUSICcards,gotothehospital,pharmacymedicinesusedmedicalinsuranceICcards,theuseofpublictelephoneboothtelephonecallICcardsareApplicationoftheproductsofthemicroelectronicstechnology.Today,theICcardhasbeenwidelyusedinfinance,telecommunications,transportation,insurance,medicalcare,food,entertainment,identificationandotherfields,andledusintothe"VISAtimes."Forexample,wenormallyusetothedigitalhomeappliances,suchasMP3,digitalcameras,mobilephones,televisionsetsandsoon,theyarethecruxoftheinformationprocessingpart,iswhatwecall"chips",butalsoistheapplicationofmicroelectronicstechnologyoneoftheproducts.

Inthenationaldefensemodernizationprocess,theapplicationofmicroelectronicstechnologyisveryextensive.Aseveryoneknows,"SmallMegarifles,"Gonearethedays,informationwarfare,electronicwarmarkedtheemergenceofmodernwarfareistorelyonmoreadvancedtechnologyandweaponry.NationalSemiconductorAdvisoryCommitteehadintheGulfWarafterareportpointedout:

"TheUnitedStatesandtheNorthAtlanticTreatyOrganizationarmedadvantages,andultimatelycanbetracedbacktotheadvantagesofmicroelectronictechnology,microelectronicstechnologyisaforcemultiplier."

However,althoughthestatusofmicroelectronicstechnologyissoimportant,butbecauseofhistoricalreasons,thedevelopmentofChina'smicroelectronicstechnologyhasbeenlaggingbehindinternationalstandards.Fortunately,theNationalMicroelectronicshasnowbeenincludedintheprioritydevelopmentoftheinformationindustry,anditsdevelopmentmomentumDuibugedang.Moreover,thecountryhasalreadybegunputtinginalotoffinancialandhumanresourcestothedevelopmentofmicroelectronicstechnologyandmicroelectronicspersonneltraining.

Beginningin2003,theMinistryofScienceandTechnology,theMinistryofEducationhasatBeijingUniversity,TsinghuaUniversity,ZhejiangUniversity,FudanUniversity,WesternElectric,delivered,southeast,intoelectricity,HuazhongScienceandTechnology,West,SouthChinaPolytechnic,HIT,Xigongda,TongjiandtheguarantorofChina'sfamousinstitutionsofhigherlearningsuchastheestablishmentofthe15ICdesigntalenttrainingbase,alargenumberofprofessionaltrainingMicroelectronicsseniortechnicalpersonnel,andinShanghai,Xian,Wuxi,Beijing,Chengdu,Hangzhou,Shenzhen,Suzhou,andmanyothercitiesestablishedastate-levelchipdesignindustrybase,andpromotetheindustrializationofmicroelectronictechnology.

However,microelectronicsintheend?

Infact,themorepopularMicroelectronicssaid,butitisarealizationoftheelectronicmode,whichusesthemethodforelectronicsemiconductorequipment"minimal."However,notmicro-microelectronics,microelectronictechnologyinvolvedinaverywiderangeofsemiconductormaterials,semiconductortechnology,semiconductordevices,circuitmodules,aswellasinvarioustypesofintegratedcircuitdesignandmanufacturing,microelectronicsaresubjectcoverageofthe.

Fromtheacademicbasis,forthosedeterminedtositmicroelectronicsprofessionalstudents,asolidfoundationfortheimportanceofphysicsandmathematics.China'swell-knownmicroelectronicsexperts,Xi'anUniversityofElectronicScienceandTechnologyVice-ChancellorProfessorYueHaooncesaid:

microelectronicsthefundamentalphysicsandmathematicscombination.ProfessorYueHaoundergraduateandmaster'sengineeringphaseofthestudy,butDr.phaseofthetransferofmathematics,hisdevelopmentexperience,ithasalsogivenusthatthephysicsandmathematicstostudytheimportanceofmicroelectronics.

Becausephysicsandmathematicsisthebasisofmicroelectronics,therefore,microelectronicsprofessionalsisnotanisolatedprofession,andit'ssimilartomanyprofessional,suchaselectronicsandinformationscienceandtechnology,physics,integratedcircuitdesignandmanufacturing.

Microelectronicsprofessionalshaveopenedthosecourses.Judgingfromthecurrentsituation,China'smicroelectronicsmajorsCollegeCoursesofferedare:

semiconductorphysicsandexperimental,semiconductordevicephysics,integratedcircuitdesignprinciples,principlesofintegratedcircuits,ICCAD,microelectronicsandintegratedcircuittechnologyExperimentinternships.

Microelectronicsasthecoreofinformationindustryisthemostcompetitiveintoday'sworld,theglobalizationofthemostrapidlydevelopingindustry,inthetrialofcomprehensivenationalstrengthinakeystrategicposition,itisveryoptimisticaboutemploymentprospects.

Witheconomicdevelopment,increasedthenumberofvehicles,roadcongestionisbecomingincreasinglyserious,intelligenttrafficlightsontheemerged.Atpresent,theworld'sIntelligentTransportationSystemwillbe:

ahugestructure,managementdifficulties,suchasthemaintenanceoflargeinputs.Inordertoimprovetheexistingtrafficconditions,andtoovercometheexistingshortcomingsofintelligenttransportationsystemIdesignedanalogcontroltrafficlightsinurbanandruralareasofsmall-scalesmarttrafficlights.Ithassmallsize,intelligence,maintenanceintosmall,easytoinstallandsoon.Andotherintelligenttransportationsystemcomparedtothesystemtoadapttoeconomicandsocialdevelopment,inlinewiththecurrentstatusofscientificandtechnologicaldevelopment.

Intelligenttrafficlightsareacomprehensiveuseofcomputernetworkcommunicationtechnology,sensortechnologytomanagetheautomaticcontrolsystemoftrafficlights.Urbantrafficcontrolsystemisusedforurbantrafficdatamonitoring,trafficsignalcontrolandtrafficmanagementcomputersystem;itisthemodernurbantrafficcontrolsystemcommandandthemostimportantcomponent.Inshort,howtousetheappropriatecontrolmethodtomaximizetheuseofcostlycitiestobuildhigh-speedroads,trunkroadandtheramptoalleviateurbanareaswiththeneighboringstateoftrafficcongestionhasbecomemoreandmoretrafficmanagementandurbanplanningdepartmentsneedtoaddressthethemainproblem.Tothisend,thisarticleontheurbantrafficlightcontrolsystemanalogcircuittheory,designcalculationandexperimentaltestingandotherissuestodiscussspecificanalysis.Microcontrollersareusedinamultitudeofcommercialapplicationssuchasmodems,motor-controlsystems,airconditionercontrolsystems,automotiveengineandamongothers.Thehighprocessingspeedandenhancedperipheralsetofthesemicrocontrollersmakethemsuitableforsuchhigh-speedevent-basedapplications.

Thepaperdescribesthedesignandmechanismofthistestenvironment,itsinteractionswithvarioushardware/softwareenvironmentalcomponents,andhowtouseAT89C51.

1.1Introduction

The8-bitAT89C51CHMOSmicrocontrollersaredesignedtohandlehigh-speedcalculationsandfastinput/outputoperations.MCS51microcontrollersaretypicallyusedforhigh-speedeventcontrolsystems.Commercialapplicationsincludemodems,motor-controlsystems,printers,photocopiers,airconditionercontrolsystems,diskdrives,andmedicalinstruments.TheautomotiveindustryuseMCS51microcontrollersinengine-controlsystems,airbags,suspensionsystems,andantilockbrakingsystems（ABS）.TheAT89C51isespeciallywellsuitedtoapplicationsthatbenefitfromitsprocessingspeedandenhancedon-chipperipheralfunctionsset,suchasautomotivepower-traincontrol,vehicledynamicsuspension,antilockbraking,andstabilitycontrolapplications.Becauseofthesecriticalapplications,themarketrequiresareliablecost-effectivecontrollerwithalowinterruptlatencyresponse,abilitytoservicethehighnumberoftimeandeventdrivenintegratedperipheralsneededinrealtimeapplications,andaCPUwithaboveaverageprocessingpowerinasinglepackage.Thefinancialandlegalriskofhavingdevicesthatoperateunpredictablyisveryhigh.Onceinthemarket,particularlyinmissioncriticalapplicationssuchasanautopilotoranti-lockbrakingsystem,mistakesarefinanciallyprohibitive.Redesigncostscanrunashighasa$500K,muchmoreifthefixmeans2backannotatingitacrossaproductfamilythatsharethesamecoreand/orperipheraldesignflaw.Inaddition,fieldreplacementsofcomponentsareextremelyexpens