高中英语 Unit4 Earthquakes综合微评 新人教版必修1.docx

高中英语 Unit4 Earthquakes综合微评 新人教版必修1.docx

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高中英语Unit4Earthquakes综合微评新人教版必修1

第四单元综合微评

（满分：

120分　时间：

90分钟）

第一部分　阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Thereoncewasaveryhonestshopkeeperwhosebusinesswastoprovidegoodstothelocalpeople.Hewouldopenhisshopat8：

00a．m.afterhavinghisbreakfastandat1：

00p．m.hewouldgoforlunch.Intheeveningat8：

30p．m.heclosedhisshoptocompletehisdailyroutine.

However，togettimeforlunchwasreallydifficultbecausehedidn'thaveanybodytohelphimatthattime.Therefore，itwashisdailypracticethatwhichevercustomerwasshoppingat1：

00p．m.wouldbeaskedtooversee（看管）theshopuntiltheshopkeeperreturnedfromlunch.

Oneday，agroupoffourthievesplannedtostealfromhisshopwhilehewasgoneforlunch.Oneofthethieveswentat1：

00p．m.tobethecustomerthatwouldbeaskedtooverseetheshop.

Thethief，pretendingtobeacustomer，wentinat1：

00p．m.andstartedbuyingseveralitems.Asplanned，theshopkeeperaskedthethieftositonhischairforthirtyminutesuntilhereturnedfromlunch.

Then，theotherthreethievesquicklycameandtoldthepretendedcustomertohelp，butsomethinghadchangedwithinhimandheknewdeeplyinhisheartthatifhewasgivenresponsibilityfortheshop，heshouldnotperformanydishonestactsduringthattime.Hisfriendsdidnotagree.Asthenowhonestmantriedtostopthem，theyresisted（抵抗）andafightstarted.Andatthesametimetheshopkeeperreturnedandaskedwhytherewasafighting.Thenowhonestmanexplainedtheentireplan.

Theshopkeeperhadbeensearchingforanhonestmanwhocouldtakeownershipoftheshopandrunit.Theshopkeeperfeltthathehadfoundtherightman.

1．Whatistheproblemfortheshopkeeper?

A．Nobodycouldpreparelunchforhimeveryday.

B．Hehadnobodytokeeptheshopwhenhewentforlunch.

C．Hewastoobusytohaveluncheveryday.

D．Hecouldn'tfindapersontoworkattheshop.

2．Whydidthethiefgototheshopat1：

00p．m.?

A．Becausehethoughthewouldbeaskedtokeeptheshop.

B．Becausetheshopkeeperinvitedhimtolunchthen.

C．Becausetheshopwasclosedatthattime.

D．Becausehethoughthecouldbuycheapthingsthen.

3．Whentheshopkeeperreturnedfromlunch，hefound________.

A．everythinginhisshopwasstolen

B．thethiefbecamethenewowneroftheshop

C．therewasafightinginhisshop

D．thethiefhelpedhisfellowsstealthingsfromhisshop

4．Fromthepassage，wecaninferthat________.

A．onceathief，hewillalwaysbeathief

B．anhonestmanwillberesponsibleforhisaction

C．youcan'tbelieveinadishonestmanforever

D．trustcanchangeathiefintoanhonestman

答案：

1.B　解析：

由第二段的第一句话可知他吃午饭时间，无人看店。

2．A　解析：

由原文第三段内容可知。

3．C　解析：

由第五段的“Asthenowhonestmantriedtostopthem，theyresisted（抵抗）andafightstarted.”可知。

4．D　解析：

由原文中看店小偷的转变可知信任拥有巨大力量。

B

Doyouliketoeatout?

Doyouliketoeatquickly?

Doyoulikeexpensivefood?

Somepeoplegotofastfoodrestaurantforthesereasons.Inthepast，peopleusuallywenttodiners（路边餐馆）forthesereasons.Infact，manypeopleinthestatesstillgotodinerstodayforthesamereasons.

AmannamedWalterScotthadthefirst“diner”in1872.Itwasn'treallyadiner.Itwasonlyafoodcart（手推车）．Peopleonthestreetwalkeduptothecartstobuyfood.Thesecartsservedlatenightmeals.Themealwasasandwichorboiledeggs.In1887，SamuelJonesbuiltthefirstdinerbigenoughtoallowthecustomerstocomeinside.However，theydidn'tsitdown，laterpeoplebuiltdinerswithcountersandstools，andpeoplesatdownwhiletheyate.

Beforelongmanydinersstayedopenaroundtheclock.Inotherwords，peoplewereabletoeatinadineratanytime.Dinerschangedinotherways，too.Theoriginalmenuofsandwichesandcoffeebecamebigger.Itincludedsoup，favouritedishes，andabreakfastmenu.Inaddition，dinerssoonbecamepermanentbuildings.Theywerenolongercartonwheels.

Dinerstodaylooksimilartothedinersoftheearly1990s.Theyareusuallybuildingswithlargewindows.Inside，thedinershaveshiningcounterswithstools，booth（公用电话），andtablesandchairs.Peoplecanhaveallthreemealsinamoderndiner.

Today，manypeopleeatinfastfoodrestaurantsuchasMcDonald'sandBurgerKing.However，thedinerremainsanAmericantradition，andthousandsofpeoplestillenjoyeatingthere.Itwaspopularacenturyago，anditisstillpopulartoday.

5．AmannamedWalterScotthadthefirst“diner”in1872.Whyisdinerinquotationmarks（引号）?

A．Becauseitisspelleddifferentlyfrom“diner”．

B．Becausethefirstdinerwasnotarealdiner.

C．Because“diner”wasanewword.

D．Becauseitisaspecialkindofrestaurant.

6．AccordingtotheParagraph4，dinerschangedin________.

A．twoways　　　　　　　　　　　　　B．threeways

C．fourways　　　　　　　　　　　　D．fiveways

7．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A．Dinersexistedbeforefastfoodrestaurant.

B．Themenuincludedmorefoodthansandwichesandcoffee.

C．BurgerKingisafastfoodrestaurant.

D．Sandwichesbecamesmaller.

答案：

5.B　解析：

细节理解。

从文章第三段第二句话可得到答案。

6．B　解析：

细节理解。

从时间、菜单、建筑物三个方面出现了变化。

7．D　解析：

推理判断题。

文章中并没有提及三明治大小方面的变化。

C

Ifthecrust（外壳）oftheearthwerenotprettysolid（坚固的），itwouldbeshakingaboutandmovingupanddownfrequently.However，thereareplacesintherocksoftheearth'scrustwhereitisn'tstronglyheldtogether—wherefaultsexist.Alongthefaults，onerockmightpushagainstanotherwithgreatforce.Theenergyischangedtovibrationintherocks，sotheybegintoshakeandwehaveanearthquake!

ThemostfamousoneinNorthAmericawastheSanFranciscoearthquakeof1906.Sevenhundredpeoplediedandproperty（财产）damageamountedtoabout$425,000,000.Thegreatestdestructioncamefromthefiresthatfollowedthequake.

OneofthemostfamousearthquakesinEuropetookplaceinLisbon，Portugal，in1755.Thecitywasdestroyedandatleastthirtythousandpeoplewerekilled.In1908，inCalabriaandSicily，aquakekilledaboutseventyfivethousandpeople.In1915，incentralItaly，hundredsoftownsandvillagesweredamagedandthirtythousandpeoplewerekilled.

TwogreatearthquakesthatcausedgreatdamageinAsiatookplaceinTokyo，Japan，andinGansuProvinceinChina.TheTokyoquakeof1923killedmorethanonehundredthousandpeopleanddestroyedthecityandthecityofYokohama，too.TheChinesequakein1920coveredmorethanthreehundredsquaremilesandkilledabouttwohundredthousandpeople.

8．Theunderlinedword“vibration”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans“________”.

A．shakingB．forceC．energyD．losing

9．Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderoftheyearswhentheearthquakeshappened?

①theSanFranciscoearthquake

②theearthquakeinLisbon，Portugal

③theearthquakeinCalabriaandSicily

④theearthquakeincentralItaly

⑤theearthquakeinGansuProvince

⑥theTokyoquake

A．③④⑤⑥②①B．⑤⑥②①③④

C．②①③④⑤⑥D．①③④②⑤⑥

10．Accordingtothepassage，theearthquakethatkilledthemostpeoplehappenedin________.

A．PortugalB．Italy

C．JapanD．China

11．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.

A．theearth'scrustinEuropeisweakerthanthatinotherplaces

B．thefiresfollowingtheSanFranciscoearthquakecausedmoredamagethantheearthquakedid

C．therewere75,000peoplekilledintheSanFranciscoearthquake

D．thecityofYokohamawasnotgreatlyinfluencedbytheTokyoquake

答案：

[解题导语]　本文介绍了地震起因及历史上几次大地震。

8．A　解析：

词义猜测题。

一块岩石有可能用力挤压另一块岩石，地壳的能量发生了改变导致岩石晃动，于是地震发生了。

vibration意为“晃动”，故A项正确。

9．C　解析：

细节理解题。

由文章地震发生的时间顺序可知C项正确。

10．D　解析：

细节理解题。

由地震伤亡数字可知,1920年在中国发生的地震伤亡人数最多。

11．B　解析：

推理判断题。

由第二段“Thegreatestdestructioncamefromthefiresthatfollowedthequake.”可知B项正确。

D

Researchershaveconfirmedwhatparentshavelongbelieved：

runningaroundinthedaymeansyourchildmaywellfallasleepfasteratnight.

Butthestudyof500childrenprovidesafigure:

foreveryhourtheysit，theyneedthreeminuteslongertonodoff.AndtheArchivesofDiseaseinChildhoodfoundthosewhotooklongertogettosleepwerenoworsebehaved.

ExpertsfromMonashUniversityinMelbourneandtheUniversityofAucklandlookedat519sevenyearolds.Themajorityfellasleepwithin45minutes，andtheaverage“sleep_latency”was26minutes.Childrenwhowereveryphysicallyactiveduringthedaytendedtotakelesstimetofallasleep，butthemoreprominentassociationwasbetweenbeingsedentary（需要久坐的）andtakinglongertodriftoff.Thosewhofellasleepfasteralsotendedtosleepforlonger.Therehasbeenmuchdiscussionabouttheimpactofreducedsleepdurationonchildren.

“Asshortsleepdurationisassociatedwithobesityandlowercognitiveperformance，communityemphasisontheimportanceofpromotinghealthysleepinchildrenisvitallyimportant，”theresearcherswrote.“Thisstudyemphasizestheimportanceofphysicalactivityforchildren，notonlyforfitness，cardiovascularhealthandweightcontrol，butalsoforsleep.”

Theydidnot，however，findanyevidenceofbadbehavior，asmeasuredbyprofessionalcharts，amongthosewhotooklongertofallasleep.Nordidtheyfindanysignificantlydifferentsleeplatenciesforchildrenwhowenttobedafter9p．m..

MandyGurney，founderofChildren'sSleepClinicMillpond，saidtheresearchwasusefulconfirmationofthebenefitsofexerciseforsleepaswellasfitnessandweight.Butactivityisnotthebeallandendall，andshouldn'tbeencouragedrightbeforebedtime.What'sessentialisaroutinewinddownhour，aquiettimebeforebed.Awarmbath，butnolongerthan10minutes，andthenstraightintoadarkenedbedroom.

“Thatwayyoumakethemostofthenaturalsleeptriggerofthewarmwater，andyoucancapitalloffwithabedtimestory.”

12．Thewriter'spurposeofwritingthispassageisto________.

A.advisethereadershowtoletchildrengotosleep

B．explainthenewfindingstothereaders

C．