届长宁区高考英语一模教程文件.docx

届长宁区高考英语一模教程文件.docx

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届长宁区高考英语一模教程文件

2019届长宁区高考英语一模

长宁区2018学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷

高三英语

（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）2018.12

考生注意：

1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

2．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写考试号和姓名。

3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

I.ListeningComprehension

II.GrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:

Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonwordthatbestfitseachblank.

PlantingPatriotism

Youngboysaren’teasilyshocked,but12-year-oldPrestonSharpsureknowsthefeeling.

“Yeah,Iwassurprisedandevendisappointed,”Prestonsaid.Preston’smom,AprilSharp,said:

“itisthefirsttimeI（21）__________（see）himlikethisangryandpassionate.”

Whatupsethersonsomuchwasvisitinghisgrandpa’sgraveinRedding,California,andrealizingthatnoteveryveteran（老兵）inthecemeteryhadaflag.SoApriltoldhim,“Son,（22）________you’regoingtocomplainaboutsomething,youhavetodosomethingaboutitorletitgo.”

NextthingsAprilknew,Prestonwastalkingonoddjobsandaskingfordonations（23）________（buy）flagandflowersforeveryveteraninhisgrandpa’scemetery.Andwhenthatcemetery（24）_________（cover）,hemovedontoanother,andthenanother.

Hereweare,nearlythreeyearsandabout65,000graveslater.Hedoesiteveryweek（25）________theweatherislike,rainorshine----especiallyrain.“Theywereoutthereintheraindoingtheirjob,（26）_________（protect）us,”Prestonsaid.Hisdevotionisinfectious.

Whenwordgetsout（27）____________Prestonwillbeatacemetery----hehasaFacebookpage,PrestonSharp/VetflagsandFlowers---people,likeVietnamveteranFredLoveland,feel（28）________（oblige）tojoinin.“It’samazing,”Lovelandsaid.“Whathe’sdoingbrings（29）________outbecausewecan’tbelievewecan’tbelieveayounginthiscountryisdoingwhathedoes.”Itisamovementofyoungandold,ofthosewhoservedandthosewhoaresogratefulforwhattheydid,allledbyaproudgrandson（30）________sawaninjusticeanddecidedtodosomethingaboutit.

SectionB

Directions:

Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.astonishingB.borderedC.blackoutsD.consequencesE.constant

F.estimatedG.explodedH.fascinatedI.processJ.stretchedK.upsetting

Aurora（极光）:

wondersordisturbances

Canada,February2017:

Istoodinthesnowonafrozenlake,watchingastheskytwistedinfrontofme.Greenbandsoflight______31_____outinthedarkness.Slowlythecolorstwistedandbrokeandreappearedelsewhereuntil,suddenly,awholebandflowedandpulsedacrossthesky,____32_____withdelicateyellow,pinksandpurples.Itwasasdramaticasthunderstorm,yetcalm.Gentle,yet_____33_____.Mostofall,itwasagift.

ThiswasmyfifthauroratripandthefirsttimeIhadseenfastmovementandbrightcolours.Thecalm,greenauroraldisplaysthatmanypeopleseearedrivenbya（n）_____34____streamofparticles（微粒）fromthesun,calledthesolarwind.Butwhenthesunthrowsusextrahot,fatparticles,thisprocessgoesintooverdrive—wegetmuchmoremovementandcolour.Itisglorious!

Aurora-spotterslongforit.

Butforsome,thewildmovementsoftheheavenscanhaveserious_____35___.Satellites’electronicsareaffectedordamagedbyincomingfastparticles,____36____industriesthatrelyonthem.Flightsmayneedtochangecoursetoavoidradio___37____aroundthepoles,ortoprotectaircrewfromenhancedradiationexposure.Duringasolarstorm,aircrewmayreceivetheirannualradiationlimitoverasingleflight.

Stormyspaceweatheraffectsusontheground,too.Alargesolarstormin1989causeda10-hourelectricalblackoutoverCanada’sQuebecProvince,costingtheeconomya（n）___38____C$10billion.DisturbanceoftheatmospherecausesproblemswithradiobroadcastandGPS.InSeptember2017,ahugesolarflame____39____justasHurricaneIranhittheCaribbean.TheresultantHFradioblackouthelpuptheemergencyresponse.Meanwhile,beautifulauroradisplayswereseeninEngland.Placeitsbeautyaside,then,andtheauroral_____40______isnothingotherthanagiantplanetarydisturbance,moreofaworrythanawonderforsomepeople.YetseldomdosuchdisturbanceshavesuchfascinatingsideeffectsasthatoftheauroradancingacrossourArcticskies.

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA（15分）

Directions:

ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Marmosetmonkeysexistonabranchoftheevolutionarythreethatisdistinctfromtheonethatledtohumans.Buttheyconstantlyastonishresearcherswith__41__behaviorthatseemsprettyhighlyevolved.Theirsocialorganizationand__42__practicescouldhavebeenthemodelforthephrase“Ittakesavillage.”Adominantmaleandfemalebreed,andtheirbabiesarecarefullylookedafterbyextendedfamilymemberswhothenaren’tfreetobreedthemselves.

Anewstudyfurther__43__themarmoset’sreputationforadmirablecommunityvalues.Researchersreportthatthesecaregiverssharetheirfoodmoregenerouslywithlittleones__44__thanwhenthey’resurroundedbythewatchfuleyesofothercommunitymembers.Incomplexsocietieswhereindividualsbandtogetherfor__45__protection,researchershavecomeupwithafewwidelyacceptedexplanationsforselflessbehavior.Butspecificacts,likesharingadeliciouscricket（蟋蟀）withabeggingbabymarmoset,seemtoneedmore__46__explanation.

Onepossibilityisthatanindividualpractices__47__asameansofenhancinghisstatusamongpeers.By__48__thatheissowellgiftedwithmaterialgoodsthathecangivesomeaway,thisdo-gooderenhanceshispowerwithinthegroup.That,inturn,may__49__prospectivemates.Theotherexplanationforcharitablebehavior__50__thatkindnessesextendedtoothersaresimplythefeesofgroupmembership,whichofferssomefuturepromiseofachancetomate.Failuretosharewouldresultinexclusionfromthegroupandalossof__51__partners.Scientistscallthisthe“paytostay”model.Importantly,forbothofthesemodelstowork,actsofkindnessmusthavea（n）__52__.Thatsuggestsyouwouldseemoresharingingroupsettings;awayfromjudgingeyes,acaregivermightbemorelikelytokeepfoodforhimselforherself.Andyet,in2,581testsconductedwith31adultand14babymarmosets,the__53__appearedtobetrue.

Anthropologists（人类学家）fromtheUniversityofZurichcarefullydocumentedhowoften,ingroupsandinconditionsthatfoundcaregiverandbabyseparatedfromthecrowd,anadultwouldsharehisorhercricket.Whenalonewithababybeggingforataste,adultmarmosetssharedtheircricket85%ofthetime.Wheninagroup,caregiversoffereduptheircricket67%ofthetime."Ourresultsshowthathelpingincommonmarmosetsisnotdrivenbyreputationmanagementor54avoidance,"thestudyauthorreported."Rather,itisdrivenbyadeep-downmotivationtohelpthatismore55expressedwhenindividualsarealonewithyoung.”

41.A.animalB.carefulC.socialD.individual

42.A.evolvingB.communicatingC.organizingD.parenting

43.A.shinesB.damagesC.affectsD.protects

44.A.atplayB.inprivateC.onscheduleD.byaccident

45.A.adequateB.effectiveC.continualD.mutual

46.A.creativeB.complexC.specificD.official

47.A.generosityB.wisdomC.independenceD.governance

48.A.promisingB.demonstratingC.pretendingD.explaining

49.A.countonB.goafterC.appealtoD.benefitfrom

50.A.assumesB.confirmsC.enhancesD.concludes

51.A.regularB.dominantC.potentialD.previous

52.A.atmosphereB.audienceC.feedbackD.judge

53.A.statisticsB.expectationsC.argumentD.opposite

54.A.responsibilityB.punishmentC.arrangementD.difficulty

55.A.stronglyB.casuallyC.delicatelyD.fearlessly

SectionB（22分）

Directions:

Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

（A）

Whattoendurebeforepublication?

Ittakesalottowriteanovel.Eventhosewhohaven’ttriedwouldsay,“well,duh!

”tothis.Butit’snotsomuchthemindspaceortheconsiderabletimeittakestowriteanovelthatisasdiscouragingashowmanytimesanywritermustgobacktothedrawingboardforyetanotherdraft.Toreallyreadyanovelforpublication,awritermustspendtimewithhisorherbook.Likeanypromisingrelationship,you,thewriter,mustdateyournovel,takeitouttodinner,meetitsparents,andseeitthroughitsmosttryinganddesperatetimes.Asawriter,youhavetostayupallnightwithyournovelandtalkingandsometimesevenpullingyourhairoutbeforethatperfectmomentofinspirationcantrulyhelpyoucrossthefinishline.

FormanypublishedauthorsIknow,myselfincluded,acompletednoveltakesthemabout10,that’sright,10drafts,andatleastayearofrealediting.Willyoubespendingeverysinglesecondeditingyournovel?

No,ofcoursenot.Justasdraftsneedsomerealtimeonthesurgerytable,theyalsoneedrestintherecoveryroom.Youdon’tnursearelationshipbyspendingeverywakingsecondwiththemuntilyoucan’tstandthesightofeachother,andyoucan’tproduceanovelbybreathingdownitsliteraryneck.Howeve