江苏省南通市第一中学高考英语阅读理解专项训练专项练习附解析.docx

江苏省南通市第一中学高考英语阅读理解专项训练专项练习附解析.docx

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江苏省南通市第一中学高考英语阅读理解专项训练专项练习附解析

江苏省南通市第一中学2021年高考英语阅读理解专项训练专项练习附解析

一、高考英语阅读理解专项训练

1．阅读理解

   IvisitedElbalastJune,joiningMaryandJohnonabicyclingvacation.Theymadethearrangementsforthecar,hotelandbicycles.Istudiedthehistoryoftheisland,whichofcourseparticularlyfeaturesNapoleon.

   Napoleon（nowIknow）pickedElbaasaplaceforpeacewhenhewasforcedtogiveupthethrone（王权）asEmperorofFrancein1814.Farfrombeingaprisonisland,Elbaisbeautifulwithtoweringmountains,thickforestsandsweepingbaysandbeaches.

   Itisalsoanislandfilledwithtreasure.Veryearlyonthisisland,localsdiscoveredrichdepositsofiron.Soonoutsiders,too,discoveredtheironand150othervaluablemineralsonthislittlepieceofland.LongbeforeEtruscansandotherGreekssetfootonit,DorianshadmovedinbythetenthcenturyB.C.andwereminingtheisland.TheRomansrulednext,obtainingthemineralsandbuildinggrandhousesoverlookingthesea.Fromthetwelfthcenturyuntilthenineteenth,theislandwastradedbackandforthandwaspassedtoFrancein1802.ThencameNapoleon,thenewrulerofElba.

   IwaseagertovisithishouseinPortoferraio.TheEmperorlivedwithhiscourtandhismother,buthiswife,MarieLouisehadensconcedherselfinthesplendidViennesepalaceofherfather,EmperorofAustria.Shelivedsafelythereandshowedlittleinterestinvisitingherhusbandinhismini-kingdom.Apparently,Napoleonwasn'ttroubledmuchbythis.Hewastoobusyridingeverywhereonhorseback,buildingroads,modernizingagricultureand,aboveall,sharpeninghistinyarmyandnavyintoreadinessforhisescape.

   IntheformalgardensbehindthehouseitseemedtomethatIcouldimaginetheexiled（流放的）conqueror'sanxiousthoughts.HemightgazeoverwhereIstoodnow,towardthelighthouseoftheStellafort,thesandybay,andacrossit,thegreenmountainsoftheTuscancoast.NapoleonspentonlytenmonthsherebeforemakinghisvictoriousreturntoFranceandthethrone.

（1）WhatdidtheauthordoforthevisittoElba?

A. Hedidresearchonitspast.                             

B. Hearrangedtransportation.

C. Heplannedbicyclingroutes.                          

D. Hebookedaccommodation.

（2）WhomightbetheearliestoutsiderstoElbaaccordingtothetext?

A. Napoleonandhisarmy.        

B. EtruscansandotherGreeks.        

C. Dorians.        

D. Romans.

（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"ensconced"probablymean?

A.Settled.

B.Locked.

C.Cured.

D.Controlled.

（4）Whatcametotheauthor'smindduringhisvisittoNapoleon'sgardens?

A.BeautifulviewsonElba.

B.TerriblelivingconditionsonElba.

C.Napoleon'sambitiontoregainpower.

D.HardshipofNapoleon'sreturntoFrance.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）C

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了对拿破仑曾经流放地Elba岛的参观之旅，作者介绍了Elba岛的历史背景与拿破仑在岛上的生活事迹。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Istudiedthehistoryoftheisland,whichofcourseparticularlyfeaturesNapoleon.”可知作者为了Elba的此次拜访对它过去的历史做了一些学习和研究，故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“LongbeforeEtruscansandotherGreekssetfootonit,DorianshadmovedinbythetenthcenturyB.C.andwereminingtheisland.”可知早在伊特鲁里亚人和其他希腊人踏足该岛之前，多里安人在公元前10世纪就已迁入该岛，并在岛上采矿。

故Dorians可能是最早到Elba的外来者，故选C。

（3）考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的“Shelivedsafelythereandshowedlittleinterestinvisitingherhusbandinhismini-kingdom.”可知MarieLouise住在Viennese很安全，对去她丈夫的小王国探视毫无兴趣。

live对应上文的ensconce，意思为“定居；安置”，故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“IntheformalgardensbehindthehouseitseemedtomethatIcouldimaginetheexiled（流放的）conqueror'sanxiousthoughts.”可知在房子后面的花园里，作者仿佛能想象出那个被流放的征服者的焦虑的思想。

即作者在参观拿破仑的花园时想到了拿破仑对重新掌权的野心。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Familiesaroundthecountryarefindingnewoptionsfortheirchildren'smiddaymealthankstoagrowingnumberofdeliveryoptionscateringtostudents.KiddosCateringinChicagoadoptsamethodofprovidingrestaurantmealstoschoolsthatcontractwithit.OwnerMichelleMosesandherstaffworkwitharearestaurantstocreateavarietyofkid-friendlychoicesanddeliverthemealstotheschoolsfivedaysaweek.Parentsselectthelunchesfromanonlineorderformthatliststheday'sfeaturedrestaurantanditsmenuchoices.

   "Eachdayisadifferentrestaurantwithsixto10menuoptions,"shesaid."Itofferssomuchchoicetokids."Theserviceappealstoparentsbecausetheythinktheirchildrenarelesslikelytotossoutrestaurantfoodthanapackedlunch,Ms.Mosessaid.TheschoolsappreciatethatMoseshandlestheordering,payment,pickup,andfooddistributioninthecafeteria."Schoolsreallywanttobeinthebusinessofeducatingkids,"shesaid."Theydon'twanttobeinthefoodandbeverage（餐饮）business."

   Thatdoesn'tmeanthatschoolsalwayslikeitwhenteens（orparents）takeituponthemselvestoorderfoodthroughphoneapps.Manyschoolshavebannedthatpractice,citingsafetyconcernsaboutdeliverydriversshowingupatschoolunannouncedandtheburdenoftrackingdownstudentstoalarmthemthattheirmealshavearrived.

   "Thesetypesofdeliveriesposeanunnecessarysecurityriskforstudentsandstaff,"saidBernardWatson,directorofcommunityrelationsforGwinnettCountyPublicSchoolsinSuwanee,Ga."Inaddition,ouraward-winningschoolnutritionprogramprovidesstudentswithawidevarietyoftasty,nutritiousmealson-site,sothereisnoneedtoorderfoodfromoutside."

   JacobLevin,arecentgraduateofBexleyHighSchoolinBexley,Ohio,reliedonasubshoptodeliverasandwichtohimduringlunchtimemeetingsorotherappointmentsthatconflictedwithhislunchperiod."Itwasaconvenientoption.Inmostcases,Iwouldnothavebeenabletoeatatschoolifitweren'tforthedeliveryoption,"hesaid."Havingarestaurant-qualitysubalsowasmuchmoreenjoyablethancafeteriafood."

（1）WhatcanwelearnaboutKiddosCatering?

A. Itshouldbeorderedonline.

B. Itisanon-profitfoodprogram.

C. Itdeliversthemealstotheschoolstwiceaday.

D. Itmainlyoffersthefeatureddishesofarestaurant.

（2）Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?

A. Theaimofthefoodandbeveragebusiness.     

B. Asuitabletimeforschoolmeals.

C. Advantagesofthedeliveringschoollunch.       

D. Analternativetotheschoolcafeteria.

（3）WhatisBernardWatson'sconcernfordeliveringfood?

A. It'slesshealthythanthatintheschoolcafeteria.

B. Itcausesapotentialdangertostudents.

C. Itattractsstudents'attentiontostudy.

D. Itsarrivalisusuallynotpunctual.

（4）WhatisJacobLevin'sattitudetothechangeoftheschoollunch?

A. Neutral.                       

B. Careless.                       

C. Supportive.                       

D. Unfavorable.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。

孩子们的午餐有了新的选择，这要归功于越来越多迎合学生口味的外卖服务。

但是该怎样权衡这一现象的利弊呢？

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的"Parentsselectthelunchesfromanonlineorderformthatliststheday'sfeaturedrestaurantanditsmenuchoices"可知，KiddosCatering提供的午餐需要在网上预订。

故选A。

（2）考查段落大意。

根据第二段中的“Theserviceappealstoparentsbecausetheythinktheirchildrenarelesslikelytotossoutrestaurantfoodthanapackedlunch,Ms.Mosessaid.TheschoolsappreciatethatMoseshandlestheordering,payment,pickup,andfooddistributioninthecafeteria.”可知本段从父母以及学校两个角度介绍了递送的学校午餐的好处。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的"Thesetypesofdeliveriesposeanunnecessarysecurityriskforstudentsandstaff"可知，BernardWatson担忧的是，食物的递送可能会给学生带来潜在的危险。

故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的"Itwasaconvenientoption.Inmostcases,Iwouldnothavebeenabletoeatatschoolifitweren'tforthedeliveryoption,"可推断出，JacobLevin对此的态度是支持的。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Atypicalchildplaysmanyroles,suchasfriend,neighbor,sonordaughter.Simplyremindingchildrenofthatfactcanleadtobetterproblem-solvingandmoreflexiblethinking,accordingtonewresearchfromDukeUniversity.

   Betterproblem-solvingwasjustonepositivefindingofthestudy,saidleadauthorSarahGaither,anassistantprofessorofpsychologyandneuroscienceatDuke.Afterthinkingabouttheirownvariousidentities,childrenalsoshowedmoreflexiblethinkingaboutraceandothersocialgroupings—abehaviorthatcouldbevaluableinanincreasinglydiversesociety.

   Inaseriesofexperiments,Gaitherandhercolleagueslookedat196children,ages6and7.Inanexperiment,onegroupofchildrenwasremindedthattheyhadvariousidentities,suchasson,daughter,readerorhelper.Asecondgroupofchildrenwasremindedoftheirmultiplephysicalattributes,suchasamouth,armsandlegs.Allthechildrenthenneededtohandleafewtasks

   Childrenwhowereremindedoftheirvariousidentitiesshowedstrongerproblem-solvingandcreativethinkingskills.Whenshownpicturesofabearstaringathoney-filledbeehive（蜂窝）highupinatree,thesechildrenhadmorecreativeideasforhowthebearmightgetthehoney,suchasturningoverabowlsothatitbecameastool（凳子）.Inotherwords,theysawanewuseforthebowl.Childrenwhowereremindedoftheirmultiplerolesalsoshowedmoreflexiblethinkingaboutsocialgroupings.Whenaskedtocategorizedifferentphotosoffaces,theysuggestedmanywaystoSpso.Theyidentifiedsmilingfacessuchasunsmilingones,andoldandyoungfaces.Theotherchildren,meanwhile,primarilygroupedpeople'sfacesbyraceandgender（性别）.

   The-studysuggestswaystopromoteflexiblethinkingfortheyoung,whichcouldbeespeciallyvaluableforteachers."Gaithersaid.

   "Wehavethistendencyinoursocietytoonlythinkaboutourselvesinconnectionwithoneimportantgroupatatime,"Gaithersaid."Whenkidsthinkthattheyhavevariousi