高中英语课程标准新课标英文版.docx
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高中英语课程标准新课标英文版
NewCourseSyllableforEnglish
Part1:
Introduction
Withtheadventoftheinformationageandtheglobaleconomy,Englishhasbecomeincreasinglyimportant.Englishisthedominantcarrierofinformationandthemostwidelyspokenlanguageintheworld.ManycountrieshavemadeEnglishacornerstoneofqualityeducationwhendevelopingstrategiesforbasiceducation.
SinceChina’sreformandopening,thescaleofitsEnglisheducationhascontinuallygrown,attendedbysignificantachievementsinteachingandlearning.However,Englisheducationinitscurrentformisfailingtomeettheneedsofcontemporarysocialandeconomicdevelopment.
ThecurrentroundofreformstotheEnglishcurriculumaimtoendthefollowingpractices:
l Over-emphasizingthetransmissionandexplanationofknowledgeaboutgrammarandvocabulary
l Neglectingtodevelopstudents’abilitytouselanguageforreal
Intheirplace,thereformsaimtoestablishacurriculumthat:
l Developsstudents’comprehensivelanguagecompetence
l Motivatesstudents,isrelevanttotheirlifeexperiencesandcognitivelevel
l Promotestask-basedteachingmethods
l Involvesstudentsinexperiential,practical,participatoryandcooperativelearning
l Developsstudents’positiveattitudes,thinkingskills,practicalabilities,culturalawarenessandautonomythroughthelanguagelearningprocess
1. TheNatureoftheNewCurriculum
ThenewEnglishcurriculumstrivestoaccomplishfarmorethanjusthelpstudentslearnEnglish.AtonelevellearningEnglishshouldinvolvehelpingstudentst
l Developacertainlevelofcomprehensivelanguagecompetenceandtheabilitytouselanguageforrealcommunication
l Mastercertainbasiclanguageknowledge
l Masterlistening,speaking,readingandwritingskills
However,atanotherlevelthecurriculumshouldalsoservestudents’all-rounddevelopment,providingthemwithopportunitiest
l StrengthentheirinterestinstudyingEnglish
l Growinself-discipline,perseveranceandself-confidence
l Improvetheircooperative,investigativeandthinkingabilities
l Developtheirmemory,imaginationandcreativity
l Adoptgoodstudyhabitsandeffectivelearningstrategies
l Developasautonomousandlifelonglearners
l Buildmoralintegrityandahealthyoutlookonlife
l Establishbothnationalspiritandanawarenessofandrespectforculturaldifferences
l Broadentheirhorizonsandenrichtheirlifeexperience
l Takepartinculturallife
l Developasindividuals
2. BasicPrinciplesoftheNewCurriculum
2.1Thecurriculumpromotesqualityeducation（asopposedtoexam-orientatededucation）andtheall-rounddevelopmentofthestudents
Topromotequalityeducationparticularattentionmustbepaidt
l Valuingeachstudent’sfeelings
l Stimulatingstudents’interestinstudyingEnglish
l Helpingstudentsgainasenseofachievementandself-confidence
Thecurriculummustgobeyonddevelopingstudents’comprehensivelanguagecompetencetoincludeareassuchas:
l Improvingstudents’abilitytocontributetoculturalandsociallife
l Developingstudents’practicalabilities
l Fosteringstudents’creativity
2.2Thecurriculumobjectivesareholisticandflexible.
ThefundamentalaimofthenewEnglishcurriculumistodevelopstudents’comprehensivelanguagecompetence.Thisaimisbrokendownintofivegeneralobjectives.Theseobjectivesarethendividedintonineabilitylevelswithdescriptorsprovidedforeachlevel.Thefivegeneralobjectivesare:
1. LanguageSkills
2. LanguageKnowledge
3. AttitudestoLearning
4. LearningStrategies
5. CulturalAwareness
Thisdesignallowsstudentstoprogresssystematicallythrougheachlevelwhilstmeetingthefullrangeofthecurriculum’sdemands.
2.3Studentsareputatthecentreofthecurriculumandindividualdifferencesarerespected
Students’mustbeattheheartofthenewcurriculum.Forexample,theirdevelopmentalneedsmustbethecentralconsiderationwhendeveloping:
l Curriculumobjectives
l Theteachingandlearningprocess
l Theassessmentprocess
l Teachingandlearningresources
Whenimplementingthecurriculumeachstudentmustbeallowedtodevelopindividuallyundertheguidanceoftheteacher:
2.4Thecurriculumpromotesactivity-basedmethods,experientialandparticipatorylearning
Thecurriculumpromotestask-basedlearningwhereby,undertheguidanceoftheteacher,thestudentsgainasenseofachievementbyreachingthegoalsofthetask.Taskcompletionwillinvolvethefollowingtypesoflearning:
l Sensory
l Experiential
l ‘Handson’/practical
l Participatory
l Cooperative
Inordertoimprovetheirabilitytouselanguageforrealcommunication,studentsshouldalsobeablet
l Adjusttheirlearningstrategiesandcontroltheiremotions
l Formpositiveattitudestowardslearning
2.5Thecurriculumrecognizestheimportantroleofformativeassessmentinpromotingstudent’development
Theassessmentsystemshouldcombineformativewithsummativeassessment.Thepurposesofassessmentshouldbet
l Promotestudents’comprehensivelanguagecompetence
l Encourageandmotivatestudents
l Helpstudentsbecomemoreautonomouslearners
l Benefitstudents’healthypersonaldevelopment
l Giveteachersusefulfeedbackfromwhichtodevelopteachingandlearning
l InformtheongoingdevelopmentandperfectionoftheEnglishcurriculum
FormativeassessmentshouldbeanimportantpartoftheEnglishteachingandlearningprocesswithaparticularemphasison:
l Encouragingstudents’activeparticipationinlearning
l Improvingstudents’self-confidence
Summativeassessmentshouldfocuson:
l Testingstudents’integratedlanguageskills
l Testingstudents’abilitytouselanguage
2.6Thecurriculumexpandstherangeoflearningresourcesandopportunitiesavailable
Thecurriculumshouldstrivetouseanddevelopresourceswhosecontentis:
l Realistic
l Closetothestudents’lives
l Contemporary
l Healthy
l Richandvaried
Activeuseshouldbemadeof:
l Audiovisualmaterial
l Printmedia
l TheInternet
Studentsshouldbeencouragedtotakeresponsibilityforfinding,usinganddevelopinglearningresourcesthemselves.
3. TheCurriculumDesign
Thecurriculumfollowstheinternationalpracticeofdividingthegeneralobjectivesintodifferentabilitylevels.Whendesigningtheseninelevelsconsiderationwasgiventothefollowing:
l Thenatureoflanguagedevelopment
l Thedifferentneedsofdifferentagegroups
l Theneedsofdifferentethnicgroupsandareas
l TheeconomicimbalancesthatexistinChina
Theaimistohavedesignedasystemthatisholisticandflexible.
Thecorrespondencebetweenthelevelsystemandthegradesystemisshowninthefollowingdiagram:
PrimarySchool
Worktowards:
Notes
Grade3
Level1
StudentsshouldstartstudyingEnglishinGrade3
Grade4
Level1
Grade5
Level2
Grade6
Level2
Therequiredstandardfortheendofprimaryschool
JuniorMiddleSchool
Worktowards:
Notes
Grade7（=Junior1）
Level3
Grade8（=Junior2）
Level4
Grade9（=Junior3）
Level5
Therequiredstandardfortheendofjuniormiddleschool
SeniorMiddleSchool
Worktowards:
Notes
Senior1
Level6
Senior2
Level7
Senior3
Level8
Therequiredstandardforseniormiddleschoolgraduation
Level9
Anextensionlevelforspecialistschoolsandablestudents
Diagram1:
TheLevelsandtheGrades
Part2:
IntroductiontotheGeneralObjectives
Thefundamentalaimofthenewcurriculumistodevelopstudents’comprehensivelanguagecompetence.Thiscomprehensivelanguagecompetenceisachievedthroughthefivegeneralobjectivesasshowninthefollowingdiagram:
Diagram3:
ComparisonoftheOldandNewCurriculums
l Languageskillsandknowledgeformthebasisofcomprehensivelanguagecompetence
l Thestudents’attitudestolearningstronglyinfluencetheirlearninganddevelopment
l Successfullearningstrategiesimprovetheeffectivenessofstudents’learning
l Culturalawarenessensuresstudentsuselanguageappropriately
Theoveralldescriptorsforcomprehensivelanguagecompetence（i.e.acombinationofallfivegeneralobjectives）forLevels1to9arepresentedbelow:
Level
Descriptors
1
StudentsarecuriousaboutEnglishandenjoylisteningtopeoplespeakingEnglish.Theycan:
l Playgames,doactionsandactivities（e.g.colouring,joininglines）accordingtosimpleinstructionsfromtheteacher
l Performsimpleroleplays
l SingsimpleEnglishsongs
l Saysimplerhymesandchants
l Understandsimplestoriesbywiththeaidofpictures
l Communicatesimplepersonalinformation
l Expresssimplefeelingsandattitudes
l Writelettersandwords
l TakeinterestinforeignculturalcustomsmetduringlearningEnglish
2
StudentsshowasustainedinterestinandenjoymentoflearningEnglish.Theycan:
l UsesimpleEnglishgreetingsandexchangepersonalinformationandinformationaboutfamilyandfriends
l Performdialogues,songs,rhymesandchantsaboutcontenttheyhavestudied
l Understandandnarratesimplestorieswiththeaidofpictures
l Writesimplesentenceswiththeaidofpicturesorprompts
l Participateandcooperateactivelyandhappily
l Taketheinitiativetoaskforhelp
l Enjoylearningaboutothercountries’cultur
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