激光发展史英文文献.docx

激光发展史英文文献.docx

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激光发展史英文文献

China'slasertechnologydevelopmentRetrospectandProspect

"Laser"is"LASER"translation.LASERwasoriginallyLightamplificationbystimulatedemissionofradiationfromacombinationoftheprefixspecificterms,inourcountryhasbeentranslatedinto"Laise,""lasinglight,"and"opticalamplifierbystimulatedemission."1964,QianXuesenacademiciansproposalnamed"Laser",reflectsnotonlythe"stimulatedemission,"thescientificconnotation,andthatitisaverystrongsourceofnew,appropriate,vividandconcise,bytheChinesescientificcommunityconsensusandinuseeversince.

Fromthe1961Chinafirstlaserthathassuccessfullydevelopedthroughoutthecountry,laserresearch,teaching,productionanduseofunitsunderjointefforts,Chinahasformedacompleterange,theadvancedlevel,theapplicationoflasertechnologytoawiderangeoffields,andmadetheindustrializationofencouragingprogressforChina'sscienceandtechnology,nationaldefenseandnationaleconomyandmadepositivecontributionsintheinternationalarenahasalsogainaplace.

China'searlydevelopmentoflasertechnology

1957,inChangchunWangShouguan,suchasChina'sfirstprofessionalopticalInstitute-theChineseAcademyofSciences（Changchun）opticalprecisioninstrumentsMachineryResearchInstitute（"-raymachine"）.Intheoldergenerationofexpertsundertheleadershipofanumberofyoungscienceandtechnologyworkerswillgrowrapidly,DengXimingisoneoftheoutstandingrepresentatives.Asearlyasin1958theUnitedStatesphysicistXiaoluo,Townesontheprincipleoflaserfamouspaperpublishedsoon,hewillactivelypromotethisnewtechnologyresearchcarriedoutinashorttimethecombinationoftheinnovativespiritoftheyoungandmiddle-agedresearchteamproposedsubstantialincreasebrightnesslightsource,colorunits,coherenceofideasandexperimentalprogrammes.1960Worldfirstlasercomeout.Summer1961,undertheauspicesofWangJiang,China'sfirstrubylaserdeveloped.Withinashortspaceofafewyears,lasertechnologydevelopedrapidly,andproduceanumberofadvancedachievements.Varioustypesofsolids,gases,chemicalsandsemiconductorlasershavebeensuccessfullydeveloped.Inthebasicresearchandkeytechnologies,aseriesofnewconcepts,newmethodsandnewtechnologies（suchasmutationandcavityQ-to-Q,travelingwaveamplification,Re-usesystem,freeelectronoscillationsradiation,etc.）havebeenputforwardandimplemented,andmanyofthemareunique.

Atthesametime,asahigh-brightness,high-directional,high-quality,andotheradvancedfeaturesofthenewlightsource,laserusedinvarioustechnicalfieldsquickly,demonstratingastrongvitalityandcompetitiveness.Communications,inSeptember1964bytelevisionpicturestransmittedlaserdemonstration,inNovember1964toachieve3to30kmcalls.Industries,inMay1965laserdrillingmachinesuccessfullyusedDrawingDieBlankingproduction,acquisitionsignificanteconomicbenefits.Medicine,June1965retinallaserweldingfortheanimalsandconductclinicaltrials.Nationaldefense,inDecember1965successfullydevelopedlaserrangefinderDiffuseReflectance（accuracyof10meters/10km）,inApril1966developedremotecontrolpulselaserDopplervelocimeter.

Alongwiththetheorystudyofthelaserself-mixinginterferencebecomingmaturerhigherincreasingly,theapplicationinvibration,micro-displacementandvelocitymeasurebasedonthistechnologybecomebroader.Thetechnicrequiresreal-timeacquisitionandprocessingforthelaserinterferometersignal.Thedataacquisitionandprocessingsystemoftraditionalvibrometerisstructuralcomplex,highcostanddifficulttocarry.Withthehighrunningspeedandhigh-precisioncomputing,digitalsignalprocessor（DSP）issuitableforthelaserself-mixinginterferencesignalacquisitionandprocessing.Inthispaper,thetechnologyoflaserself-mixinginterferencemodulatedbytriangularwavecurrentisresearched.ItstudiestheoreticalmodelofthevibrationsystemandusesMatlabforalgorithmssimulationanderroranalysis,alsodiscusseshowtominishtheerror.AdataacquisitionandprocessingsystemwhichadoptsTMS320LF2407ADSPfromTIasacentralprocessorisdesigned.Thedesigningandrealizationplanofsystemforhardwareisproposedindetail,includingDSPminisystem,DSPandADCinterfacecircuit,signalconditioningcircuit,LCDdisplaymoduleandDSPinterfacecircuit,RS232communicationcircuitetc,technologyonhardwaredesigningisalsodiscusssedinthedissertation.Thedesigningandrealizingprocessofsystemforsoftwareisanalyzedasfollowed,whichconsistsofapplicationofCCS,planningofCMDdocument,dataacquisitionandprocessingmodule,LCDdisplaymoduleandserialcommunicationmodulebasedonMatlab.Practiceshowsthatthisdataacquisitionandprocessingsystemcanwithstandstableoperation,satisfythedemandofthehigh-speedalternatinglaserself-mixinginterferencesignalandreconstructsthevibrationwaveformofdetectedobjects.BecauseoftheDSPtechnology,thecostofvibrometergreatlyreducedandsimplifiedstructure,easytocarry.Italsoprovidestheconditionsforthevibrometerwhichisbasedonlaserself-mixinginterferencetosmall,intelligence,andportable.Ithasawideapplicationprospect.

Briefintroductionof51MCU

Description

TheAT89C51isalow-power,high-performanceCMOS8-bitmicrocomputerwith4KbytesofFlashprogrammableanderasablereadonlymemory（PEROM）.ThedeviceismanufacturedusingAtmel’shigh-densitynonvolatilememorytechnologyandiscompatiblewiththeindustry-standardMCS-51instructionsetandpinout.Theon-chipFlashallowstheprogrammemorytobereprogrammedin-systemorbyaconventionalnonvolatilememoryprogrammer.Bycombiningaversatile8-bitCPUwithFlashonamonolithicchip,theAtmelAT89C51isapowerfulmicrocomputerwhichprovidesahighly-flexibleandcost-effectivesolutiontomanyembeddedcontrolapplications.

Functioncharacteristic

TheAT89C51providesthefollowingstandardfeatures:

4KbytesofFlash,128bytesofRAM,32I/Olines,two16-bittimer/counters,afivevectortwo-levelinterruptarchitecture,afullduplexserialport,on-chiposcillatorandclockcircuitry.Inaddition,theAT89C51isdesignedwithstaticlogicforoperationdowntozerofrequencyandsupportstwosoftwareselectablepowersavingmodes.TheIdleModestopstheCPUwhileallowingtheRAM,timer/counters,serialportandinterruptsystemtocontinuefunctioning.ThePower-downModesavestheRAMcontentsbutfreezestheoscillatordisablingallotherchipfunctionsuntilthenexthardwarereset.

PinDescription

VCC：

Supplyvoltage.

GND：

Ground.

Port0：

Port0isan8-bitopen-drainbi-directionalI/Oport.Asanoutputport,eachpincansinkeightTTLinputs.When1sarewrittentoport0pins,thepinscanbeusedashighimpedanceinputs.Port0mayalsobeconfiguredtobethemultiplexedloworderaddress/databusduringaccessestoexternalprogramanddatamemory.InthismodeP0hasinternalpullups.Port0alsoreceivesthecodebytesduringFlashprogramming,andoutputsthecodebytesduringprogramverification.Externalpullupsarerequiredduringprogramverification.

Port1

Port1isan8-bitbi-directionalI/Oportwithinternalpullups.ThePort1outputbufferscansink/sourcefourTTLinputs.When1sarewrittentoPort1pinstheyarepulledhighbytheinternalpullupsandcanbeusedasinputs.Asinputs,Port1pinsthatareexternallybeingpulledlowwillsourcecurrent（IIL）becauseoftheinternalpullups.Port1alsoreceivesthelow-orderaddressbytesduringFlashprogrammingandverification.

Port2

Port2isan8-bitbi-directionalI/Oportwithinternalpullups.ThePort2outputbufferscansink/sourcefourTTLinputs.When1sarewrittentoPort2pinstheyarepulledhighbytheinternalpullupsandcanbeusedasinputs.Asinputs,Port2pinsthatareexternallybeingpulledlowwillsourcecurrent,becauseoftheinternalpullups.Port2emitsthehigh-orderaddressbyteduringfetchesfromexternalprogrammemoryandduringaccessestoexternaldatamemorythatuse16-bitaddresses.Inthisapplication,itusesstronginternalpullupswhenemitting1s.Duringaccessestoexternaldatamemorythatuse8-bitaddresses,Port2emitsthecontentsoftheP2SpecialFunctionRegister.Port2alsoreceivesthehigh-orderaddressbitsandsomecontrolsignalsduringFlashprogrammingandverification.

Port3

Port3isan8-bitbi-directionalI/Oportwithinternalpullups.ThePort3outputbufferscansink/sourcefourTTLinputs.When1sarewrittentoPort3pinstheyarepulledhighbytheinternalpullupsandcanbeusedasinputs.Asinputs,Port3pinsthatareexternallybeingpulledlowwillsourcecurrent（IIL）becauseofthepullups.Port3alsoservesthefunctionsofvariousspecialfeaturesoftheAT89C51aslistedbelow:

Port3alsoreceivessomecontrolsignalsforFlashprogrammingandverification.

RST

Resetinput.Ahighonthispinfortwomachinecycleswhiletheoscillatorisrunningresetsthedevice.

ALE/PROG

AddressLatchEnableoutputpulseforlatchingthelowbyteoftheaddressduringaccessestoexternalmemory.Thispinisalsotheprogrampulseinput（PROG）duringFlashprogramming.InnormaloperationALEisemittedataconstantrateof1/6theoscillatorfrequency,andmaybeusedforexternaltimingorclockingpurposes.Note,however,thatoneALEpulseisskippedduringeachaccesstoexternalDataMemory.

Ifdesired,ALEoperationcanbedisabledbysettingbit0ofSFRlocation8EH.Withthebitset,ALEisactiveonlyduringaMOVXorMOVCinstruction.Otherwise,thepinisweaklypulledhigh.S