大鼠解剖图谱中英文.ppt
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RatDissection,Thefollowingslidesareintendedtohelpyouwithdissectionoftheratandthentoreviewforthelabpracticalthatwillfollow.,RATS,RatDissection,ScientificName:
RattusnorvegicusCommonName:
RatKingdom-AnimaliaPhylum-ChordataSubphylum-VertebrataClass-MammaliaOrder-Rodentia,RATS,RatDissection,Thefollowingwebsiteswereusedtoobtainvariousdissectionpictures.
（1）http:
/www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/science/biological_sciences/lab15/biolab15_1.html
（2）http:
/www.gisbornesc.vic.edu.au/home/jans/home/rat.htm（3）http:
/http:
/http:
/www.baa.duke.edu/companat/BAA_289L_2004/heart/Rat/rat_thorax.htm（6）http:
/instruct1.cit.cornell.edu/courses/biog105/images/ratpics/unit6/（7）http:
/www.victoriacollege.edu/dept/bio/RatDissection/index.htmThishasanexcellentselfquiz!
UrogenitalTutorial-http:
/www.biolsci.monash.edu.au/undergrad/erat/index.html,SOURCES,RatDissection,REMOVINGSKIN,Source#4,RatDissection,REMOVINGSKIN,Source#7,RatDissection,REMOVINGSKIN,Source#4,RatDissection,MUSCLES,Source#5,Branchial:
鳃的Externaauditorymeatus：
外耳道Temporalis：
颞肌Orbicularisoculi：
眼轮匝肌parotidduct：
腮腺导管,RatDissection,MUSCLES,Source#1,RatDissection,MUSCLES,Source#5,RatDissection,MUSCLES,Source#5,RatDissection,MUSCLES,Source#5,Wrist:
腕关节Longheadofbicepsbrachi:
肱二头肌长头Medialheadoftriceps:
肱三头肌内侧头Coracobrachialis:
喙头肌Elbow：
肘部Tensorfasciaeantebrachi:
Longheadoftriceps:
肱三头肌长头Axillaregion:
腋部Shortheadofbicepsbrachi:
肱二头肌短头Cranial:
颅侧Caudal:
尾侧Distal:
远心端Proximal:
近心端,RatDissection,MUSCLES,Source#1,Externaljugularvein:
颈外静脉Pectoralismuscles:
胸肌Triceps:
肱三头肌Biceps:
二头肌Masseter:
咬肌,RatDissection,MUSCLES,Source#1,Cutaneousmaximus:
Externaljugularvein:
颈外静脉Lineaalba:
腹白线,RatDissection,MUSCLES,Source#5,Transversusabdominis:
腹横肌Epigastricvein:
腹壁下静脉Rectusabdominis:
腹直肌Internaloblique:
腹内斜肌Externaloblique:
腹外斜肌Rostral:
头侧Caudal:
尾侧Lateral:
外侧Medial:
内侧,RatDissection,MUSCLES,Source#5,Thigh:
大腿Hip:
臀部Gluteusmaximus:
臀大肌Caputvertebralis:
Caputpelvis:
Bicepsfemoris:
股二头肌Semitendinosus:
半腱肌Vastuslateralis:
股外侧肌,RatDissection,MUSCLES,Source#5,Vastuslateralis:
股外侧肌Adductormagnus:
大收肌Bicepsfemoris:
股二头肌Semimembranosus:
半膜肌Cranial:
颅侧Caudal:
尾侧Dorsal:
背侧Ventral:
腹侧,RatDissection,MUSCLES,Source#5,Iliacus:
髂肌Pectineus:
耻骨肌Adductorlongus:
长收肌Gluteusmedius:
臀中肌Vastuslateralis:
股外侧肌Rectusfemoris:
股直肌Vastusmedialis:
股内侧肌Adductormagnus:
大收肌Gracilis:
股薄肌Flexordigitorumsuperficialis:
指（趾）浅屈肌,RatDissection,MUSCLES,Source#5,Flexordigitorumsuperficialis:
指（趾）浅屈肌Tibialiasanterior:
胫骨前肌Flexordigitorumprofundis:
指（趾）深屈肌Fibularislongus:
Soleus:
比目鱼肌Lateralheadofgastrocnemius:
腓肠肌外侧头Plantaris:
跖肌medialheadofgastrocnemius:
腓肠肌内侧头Calcanealtendon:
跟腱Heeloffoot:
足跟,RatDissection,MUSCLES,Source#5,Plantaris:
跖肌Flexordigitorumsuperficialis:
指（趾）浅屈肌Soleus:
比目鱼肌medialheadofgastrocnemius:
腓肠肌内侧头Calcanealtendon:
跟腱Heeloffoot:
足跟,RatDissection,ORALCAVITY,Source#6,Oralcavity:
口腔Hardpalate:
硬腭Softpalate:
软腭,RatDissection,ORALCAVITY,Source#6,Saluvarygland:
唾液腺,RatDissection,ABDOMINALCAVITY,Source#4,RatDissection,ABDOMINALCAVITY,Source#4,RatDissection,Source#7,ABDOMINALCAVITY,RatDissection,DIGESTIVEORGANS,Source#1,Digestiveorgans:
消化器官Mesentery:
肠系膜Omentum:
网膜,RatDissection,Source#6,DIGESTIVEORGANS,Liver：
肝脏Caecum:
盲肠Smallintestine:
小肠,RatDissection,Source#6,DIGESTIVEORGANS,Duodenum:
十二指肠Stomach:
胃Spleen:
脾脏Largeintestine:
大肠,RatDissection,DIGESTIVEORGANS,Source#1,diaphragm:
膈Liver：
肝脏Smallintestine:
小肠Spleen：
脾脏Caecum:
盲肠,RatDissection,DIGESTIVEORGANS,Source#5,Caudalsideofdiaphragm:
膈肌尾侧面Medianlobeofliver:
肝脏中叶Ligamentumtereshepatis:
肝静脉索Leftlobeofliver:
肝脏左叶Stomach:
胃Greateromentum:
大网膜Smallintestines:
小肠,RatDissection,DIGESTIVEORGANS,Source#1,Duodenum:
十二指肠Pancreas:
胰腺Jejunum:
空肠Ileum:
回肠Colon:
结肠Caecum:
盲肠,RatDissection,Source#6,DIGESTIVEORGANS,RatDissection,DIGESTIVEORGANS,Source#1,Transverselimb:
横结肠Ascendinglimb:
升结肠Descendinglimb:
降结肠,RatDissection,Source#1,THORACICCAVITY,Externaljugular:
颈外静脉Leftcommoncarotid:
左颈总动脉Leftsubclavian：
左锁骨下动脉Aorticarch:
主动脉弓Leftpostcava:
下腔静脉Lung:
肺脏Kidney:
肾脏Leftatrium:
左心房Leftventricle:
左心室Rightprecava:
上腔静脉Innominate:
Trachea:
气管,RatDissection,HEART+LUNGS,Source#5,Rightauricle:
右心耳Thymus:
胸腺Leftphrenicnerve:
膈神经Diaphragm:
膈,RatDissection,RESPIRATORYORGANS,Source#1,RatDissection,CIRCULATORYORGANS,Source#1,Circulatoryorgans:
循环器官R.commoncarotidA.:
右颈总动脉R.SubclavianA.右锁骨下动脉InnominateA.:
R.Atrium:
右心房R.Lung:
右肺Esophagus：
食管Aorta:
主动脉Diaphragm：
膈R.:
rightL.:
leftA.:
arterial动脉的,RatDissection,HEART,Source#5,Rightauricle:
右心耳Rightventricle:
右心室Leftpulmonaryartery:
左肺动脉Leftauricle:
左心耳,RatDissection,CIRCULATORYORGANS,Source#1,Dorsal：
背侧的superiormesentericA.:
肠系膜上动脉CoeliacA.:
腹主动脉R.RenalV.:
右肾静脉Inferiorvenacava:
下腔静脉Kidney:
肾脏Ovary:
卵巢Dorsalaorta:
背主动脉Uterus:
子宫R.CommoniliacA.:
右髂总动脉R.IliolumbarV.右髂腰静脉R.OvarianV.右卵巢静脉,RatDissection,UROGENITALORGANS,Source#1,Urogenitalsystem:
泌尿生殖系统Kidney：
肾脏Ovary:
卵巢Cornuaofuterus:
子宫角,RatDissection,Source#5,EXCRETORYORGANS,Pelvis:
肾盂RenalV.:
肾静脉Cortex:
皮质Medulla:
髓质,RatDissection,Source#5,UROGENITALORGANS,Rightkidney:
右肾Uterinehornwithfeluses:
有胚胎的子宫角Rightureter:
右输尿管Bladder:
膀胱Leftadrenalgland:
左肾上腺Rectum:
直肠,RatDissection,1.Trachea：
气管2.Heart：
心脏3.Lung：
肺脏4.Diaphragm：
膈,Source#2,THORACICCAVITY,ReviewandQuizYourself,RatDissection,1.RightAtrium：
右心房2.RightVentricle：
右心室3.LeftAtrium：
左心房4.LeftVentricle：
左心室,Source#2,HEART,ReviewandQuizYourself,RatDissection,1.JugularVein：
颈静脉2.CarotidArtery：
颈动脉3.SuperiorVenaCava：
上腔静脉4.AscendingAorta：
升主动脉5.Atrium（right）：
心房（右）6.Ventricles：
心室,THORACICCIRCULATION,Source#2,ReviewandQuizYourself,RatDissection,Youshouldbefamiliarwiththeorderofthepartsofthealimentarycanal.Followingthepaththatfoodwouldtake,wewouldpassthrough:
熟悉消化道膈部分的顺序和名称。
下图标明食物通过消化道的顺序：
OralCavity口腔Pharynx咽Esophagus食管Stomach胃PyloricSphincter幽门括约肌SmallIntestine小肠Duodenum十二指肠Jejunum空肠Ileum回肠LargeIntestine大肠Cecum盲肠Colon结肠-AscendingLimb升支-TransverseLimb横支-DescendingLimb降支Rectum直肠Anus肛门,Source#1,ABDOMINALCAVITY腹腔,RatDissection,1.Liver肝2.Stomach胃3.Pancreas胰脏4.Duodenum十二指肠5.SmallIntestines小肠6.Cecum盲肠7.UrinaryBladder膀胱,Source#2,ABDOMINALCAVITY腹腔,ReviewandQuizYourself,RatDissection,1.AbdominalAorta腹主动脉2.RenalArtery（left）肾动脉（左）3.RenalVein（left）肾静脉（左）4.InferiorVenaCava下腔静脉5.HepaticPortalVein肝门静脉,ABDOMINALCIRCULATION腹部血液循环,Source#2,ReviewandQuizYourself,RatDissection,1.CoagulatingGland凝固腺2.UrinaryBladder膀胱3.VasDeferens输精管4.Epididymis附睾5.SmallIntestines小肠6.SeminalVesicle精囊腺7.ProstateGland前列腺8.Penis阴茎9.Testis睾丸10.Scrotum阴囊,MALEREPRODUCTIVEORGANS雄性生殖器官,Source#2,ReviewandQuizYourself,RatDissection,Stomach胃Kidney肾Ovary卵巢Oviduct输卵管UterineHorn子宫角LargeIntestine大肠UrinaryBladder膀胱,FEMALEREPRODUCTIVEORGANS雌性生殖器官,Source#2,ReviewandQuizYourself,RatDissection,10.13.15.,TAGGEDORGANS,Source#7,ReviewandQuizYourself,BicepsBrachii肱二头肌,Masseter嚼肌,RibCage胸廓,RatDissection,5.9.22.27.,TAGGEDORGANS,Source#7,ReviewandQuizYourself,Heart心脏,Trachea气管,Lung肺,Esophagus食管,3.7.8.11.17.18.,RatDissection,TAGGEDORGANS,Source#7,ReviewandQuizYourself,Cecum盲肠,SmallIntestine小肠,Ovary卵巢,Diaphragm膈,Liver肝,Spleen脾,RatDissection,24.26.,TAGGEDORGANS,Source#7,ReviewandQuizYourself,UterineHorn子宫角,UrinaryBladder膀胱,RatDissection,1.6.20.23.25.,TAGGEDORGANS,Source#7,ReviewandQuizYourself,Ureter输尿管,Kidney肾,Rectum直肠,Stomach胃,AdrenalGland肾上腺,RatDissection,Towardthemidline朝中线方向Towardtheback（uppersurfaceofbody）朝向背部（动物身体的上表面）Towardthetail朝向尾部Towardtheside朝向两边Farthestfromthepointofattachment附着点的最远端Towardthebelly（undersideofbody）朝向腹部（动物身体的下表面）Closesttothepointofattachment附着点附近Towardthehead朝向头部,ReviewandQuizYourself,NAMETHATFUNCTION:
Caudal尾侧,Lateral外侧,Cranial颅侧,Proximal近端,Ventral腹侧,Distal远端,Dorsal背侧,Medial内侧,Heresawordbanktohelpyouout:
CaudalCranialDistalDorsalLateralMedialProximalVentral,ANATOMICALTERMS解剖术语,RatDissection,Thetermreferringtobendingofajoint关节弯曲的术语Thetermreferringtomovementofanappendagetowardthelongaxisofthebody四肢向身体长轴方向移动的术语Thetermreferringtostraighteningofajoint关节处伸直的术语Thetermreferringtomovementofanappendageawayfromthelongaxisofthebody四肢向身体长轴反方向移动的术语,ANATOMICALTERMS解剖术语,ReviewandQuizYourself,NAMETHATFUNCTION:
Adduction内收,Flexion俯屈,Abduction外展,Extension伸展,RatDissection,Thewhiskers,whichhaveasensoryfunction有感知功能的胡须Theflap-likeexternalearthatdirectssoundwavesintotheearopening收集声波片状的外耳Pairedopeningsleadingintothenose鼻子的一对导气孔Organsofthethoracicandabdominalcavities胸腔腹腔里的组织Apartitionorwallseparating2cavities分割两腔的隔膜Amembranewhichsuspendstheorgans支持器官的膜Shinymembranethatlinestheabdominalcavity腹腔光滑的膜,ReviewandQuizYourself,NAMETHATORGAN:
Vibrissae触须,Pinna耳郭,Nares鼻孔,Mesentery肠系膜,Septum隔膜,Viscera内脏,Peritoneum腹膜,Heresawordbanktohelpyouout:
MesenteryNaresPeritoneumPinnaSeptumVibrissaeViscera,ORGANFUNCTION器官功能,RatDissection,Abductsthethigh大腿向外侧运动Extendstheforelimb前肢伸直Constrictstheabdomen腹部收缩Closesthejaw关闭下颚Adductsthethigh大腿内侧运动Flexestheforelimb前肢弯曲Drawstheforelimbtowardthechest前肢向胸侧运动Extendsthefoot伸脚Movestheforelimbdorsally+caudally前肢向背部和尾部运动,ReviewandQuizYourself,NAMETHATMUSCLE:
BicepsFemoris股二头肌,TricepsBrachii肱三头肌,ExternalObliques腹外斜肌,BicepsBrachii肱二头肌,Gracilis股薄肌,Masseter咬肌,PectoralisMajor胸大肌,Heresawordbanktohelpyouout:
BicepsBrachiiBicepsFemorisExternalObliquesGastrocnemiusGluteusMaximusGracilisLatissimusDorsiMasseterPectoralisMajorTricepsBrachi,or,GluteusMaximums臀大肌,Gastrocnemius腓肠肌,LatissimusDorsi背阔肌,ORGANFUNCTION器官功能,RatDissection,ProducesWBCs（Whitebloodcells）产白细胞Movesfoodinmouthandtastes将食物移入嘴里，品尝Organsforgasexchange换气的器官Windpipeleadingfrompharynxtolungs由咽到肺的管道Bonyanteriorroofofmouth口腔前骨顶Muscularsheetthatseparatesthethoracicandabdominalcavities分开胸腔与腹腔的肌肉层Incisors（biting）andmolars（grinding）剪切和磨食物Muscularposteriorroofofmouth口腔顶尾部肌肉Affectsmetabolicrateandbodygrowth影响新陈代谢率和身体成长,ReviewandQuizYourself,NAMET
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