普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语题目辽宁卷附答案.docx

普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语题目辽宁卷附答案.docx

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普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语题目辽宁卷附答案

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语（辽宁卷）

第I卷

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A，B，C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑

A

Anewstudyshowsstudentswhowritenotesbyhandduringlecturesperformbetteronexamsthanthosewhouselaptops（笔记本电脑）

Studentsareincreasinglyusinglaptopsfornote-takingbecauseofspeedandlegibility（清晰度）.Buttheresearchhasfoundlaptopusersarelessabletorememberandapplytheconceptstheyhavebeentaught.

Researchersperformedexperimentsthataimedtofindoutwhetherusingalaptopincreasedthetendencytomakenotes“mindlessly”bytakingdownwordforwordwhattheprofessorsaid.

Inthefirstexperiment,studentsweregiveneitheralaptoporpenandpaper.Theylistenedtothesamelecturersandweretoldtousetheirusualnote-takingskills.Thirtyminutesafterthetalk,theywereexaminedontheirabilitytorememberfactsandonhowwelltheyunderstoodconcepts.

Theresearchersfoundthatlaptopuserstooktwiceasmanynotesasthosewhowrotebyhand.However,thetypistsperformedworseatrememberingandapplyingtheconcepts.Bothgroupsscoredsimilarlywhenitcametomemorizingfacts.

Theresearcher’sreportsaid,“Whilemorenotesarebeneficial,ifthenotesaretakenmindlessly,asismorelikelythecaseonalaptop,thebenefitdisappears.”

Inanotherexperimentaimedattestinglong-termmemory,studentstooknotesasbeforebutweretestedaweekafterthelecture.Thistime,thestudentswhowrotenotesbyhandperformedsignificantlybetterontheexam.

Thesetwoexperimentssuggestedthathandwrittennotesarenotonlybetterforimmediatelearningandunderstanding,butthattheyalsoleadtosuperiorrevisioninthefuture.

21.Moreandmorestudentsfavorlaptopsfornote-taking,becausetheycan________.

A.writemorenotesB.digestconceptsbetter

C.gethigherscoresD.understandlecturesbetter

22.Whiletakingnotes,laptopuserstendtobe________.

A.skillfulB.mindless

C.thoughtfulD.tireless

23.Theauthorofthepassageaimsto________.

A.examstheimportanceoflong-termmemory

B.stressthebenefitoftakingnotesbyhand

C.explaintheprocessoftakingnotes

D.promotetheuseoflaptops

24.Thepassageislikelytoappearin________.

A.anewspaperadvertisementB.acomputertextbook

C.asciencemagazineD.afinancereport

B

（Q=Question;A=Answer）

SituationI

Q：

Ifsomeonesitsrightnexttomeinanemptymovietheater,isitrudetomove?

A:

Maybe,butnobodywillfaultyouforit.Chancesarethattheclosesitterdoesn’trealizehedisturbsyou,sohemaymissyourannoyance.Youundoubtedlyaren’tthefirstpersonhe’smetwhoneedsenoughroom.Forgivehisbadjudgment,movequietlyandenjoytheshow.

SituationII

Q:

IfIusethebathroomatastore,doIneedtobuysomething?

A:

Considerfrequencyandurgency.Isthisaone-timethingoranemergency?

Ifso,youdon’thavetobuyanything,butitwouldbekindyoudid.However,ifyouregularlyusethebathroomatthisplace,thenyouareacustomer,andyoushouldactlikeone.

SituationIII

Q:

Ifsomeoneistalkingloudlyonthebus,isthereanicewaytoaskhimtokeepitdown?

A:

No.Tryothermeans:

1）Stareathimuntilhegetsawareofitandquietsdown.2）Liftyourfingerinasilencemotion（动作）andsmile.3）Putonearphonesandignorehim.

SituationIV

Q:

IfIremembermyfriend’sbirthdayadaylate,shouldIapologizeorjustwishherahappybirthdaylikenothinghappened?

A:

Thisisthereasonwhythewordbelatedwasinvented.“Happybelatedbirthday!

”isshortfor:

“Well,IknowIforgot,butthenIremembered.Forgivemeandhappybirthday.”

SituationV

Q:

CanIlieaboutseeingatextbecauseIwastoobusyorlazytorespond（回复）toit?

A:

Don’tlie.Receivingatextdoesnotmeanyouneedtorespondtoit.Whywasteaperfectlygoodliewhenthetruthwillserve?

“yes,”youcansayifeverasked,“Isawit.”Noexplanationisneededastowhyyoudon’trespond.

25.Youwillgetannoyedinatheaterwhen_______.

A.apersonistooactive.

B.apersonistoorudetoyou.

C.apersontalkstooloudly.

D.apersonsitstooclosetoyou.

26.Howwillyouquietsomeonedowninapublicplace?

A.Bymakingfunofhimcontinuously.

B.Bylookingpurposefullyathim.

C.Bytalkingtohimdirectly.

D.Bypointingangrilyathim.

27.Theunderlinedword“belated”inSituationIVprobablymeans______.

A.predictedB.returnedC.cancelledD.delayed.

28.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Modernwaystomindyourmanners.

B.Differentwaystochangeother’smanners.

C.Propermannerstoofferhelptoothers.

D.Goodmannerstotalktopeople.

C

Woulditsurpriseyoutolearnthat,likeanimals,treescommunicatewitheachotherandpassontheirwealthtothenextgeneration?

UBCProfessorSimardexplainshowtreesaremuchmorecomplexthanmostofuseverimagined.AlthoughCharlesDarwinthoughtthattreesarecompetingforsurvivalofthefittest,Simardshowsjusthowwronghewas.Infact,theoppositeistrue:

treessurvivethroughtheirco-operationandsupport,passingaroundnecessarynutrition“dependingonwhoneedsit.”

Nitrogen（氮）andcarbonaresharedthroughmilesofundergroundfungi（真菌）networks,makingsurethatalltreesintheforestecologicalsystemgiveandreceivejusttherightamounttokeepthemallhealthy.Thishiddensystemworksinaverysimilarwaytothenetworksofneurons（神经元）inourbrains,andwhenonetreeisdestroyed,itaffectsall.

Simardtalksabout“mothertrees,”usuallythelargestandoldestplantsonwhichallothertreesdepend.Sheexplainshowdyingtreespassonthewealthtothenextgeneration,transportingimportantmineralstoyoungtreessotheymaycontinuetogrow.Whenhumanscutdown“mothertrees”withnoawarenessofthesehighlycomplex“treesocieties”orthenetworksonwhichtheyfeed,wearereducingthechancesofsurvivalfortheentireforest.

“Wedidn’ttakeanynoticeofit.”Simardsayssadly.“Dyingtreesmovenutritionintotheyoungtreesbeforedying,butwenevergivethemchance.”Ifwecouldputacrossthemessagetotheforestryindustry,wecouldmakeahugedifferencetowardsourenvironmentalprotectioneffortsforthefuture.

29.Theunderlinedsentence“theoppositeistrue”inParagraph2probablymeansthattrees__________.

A.competeforsurvivalB.protecttheirownwealth

C.dependoneachotherD.providesupportfordyingtrees.

30.“Mothertrees”areextremelyimportantbecausethey_______.

A.lookthelargestinsizeintheforest

B.passonnutritiontoyoungtrees

C.seemmorelikelytobecutdownbyhumans

D.knowmoreaboutthecomplex“treesocieties”

31.Theunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphrefersto_______.

A.how“treesocieties”workB.howtreesgrowold

C.howforestryindustrydevelopsD.howyoungtreessurvive

32.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.OldTreesCommunicateLikeHumans

B.YoungTreesAreInNeedOfProtection

C.TreesAreMoreAwesomeThanYouThink

D.TreesContributeToOurSociety.

D

TravisisthemanagerofG&Gwhereheisresponsibleforfortyemployees（雇员）andprofits（利润）ofover&2millionperyear.He'sneverlatetowork.Hedoesnotgetupsetonthejob.Whenoneofhisemployeesstartedcryingafteracustomerscreamedather.Travistookheraway.“Yourworkinguniformisyourshelter,”hetoldher.“Nothinganyonesayswilleverhurtyou.Youwillalwaysbeasstrongasyouwanttobe.”

TravispickedupthatlectureinoneofhisG&Gtrainingcourses,aneducationprogramthatbeganonhisfirstdayandcontinuesthroughoutanemployee'soccupation.Thetraininghas,Travissays,changedhislife.G&Ghastaughthimhowtolive,howtofocus,howtogettoworkontime,andhowtomasterhisemotions（情绪）.Mostimportantly,ittaughthimwillpower.

Atthecenterofthateducationisanextremefocusonanall-importanthabit:

willpower.Dozensofcasesshowthatwillpoweristhesinglemostimportanthabitforaperson'ssuccess.

Andthebestwaytostrengthenwillpoweristomakeitintoahabit.“Sometimesitlookslikepeoplewithgreatself-controlaren’tworkinghard---–butthat’sbecausethey’vemadeitautomatic,”AngelaDuckworth,oneoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniaresearcherssaid,“Theirwillpoweroccurswithoutthemhavingtothinkaboutit.”

Thecompanyspentmillionsofdollarsdevelopingprogramsofstudytotrainemployeesonself-control.Managerswroteworkbooksthatserveasguidestohowtomakewillpowerahabitinworkers'lives.Thosecoursesare,inpart,whyG&Ghasgrownfromasleepycompanyintoalargeonewithmorethanseventeenthousandstoresandprofitsofmorethan&10billionayear.

33.WelearnfromParagraph2thatemployeesinG&Gmust________.

A.learntogivelectures

B.attendeducationprograms

C.designaworkinguniform

D.developacommonhobby

34.Willpowerwillbecomeahabitwhenemployeescan_________.

A.focusontheprofits

B.benefitfromthejob

C.protectthemselveswell

D.controltheirfeelingswell

35.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.G&Ghasgrownintoalargecompany

B.G&Gwillspendhalfitsprofitstrainingemployees

C.G&Gmaybecomemoresuccessfulinthefuture.

D.G&Ghastoproducemoreworkbooksformanagers.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

选项中有两项为多余项。

Eyesightplaysaveryimportantroleinourdailylife.Everywakingmoment,theeyesareworkingtoseetheworldaroundus.OverfortypercentofAmericansworryaboutlosingeyesight,butit’seasytoincludestepsintoourdailylifetoensurehealthyeyes.Herear