第四讲 情态动词Word格式文档下载.docx
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必须,应该
(表主观要求)
肯定,想必
(肯定句中表推测)
mustnot/
mustn’tdo
Must…do…?
Yes,…must.
No,…needn’t/don’thaveto.
haveto
只好,不得不
(客观的必须,有时态人称变化)
don’thavetodo
Do…havetodo…?
Yes,…do.
No,…don’t.
oughtto
应当
(表示义务责任,口语中多用should
oughtnotto/
oughtn’ttodo
Ought…todo…?
Yes,…ought.
No,…oughtn’t.
shall
将要,会用于一三人称征求对方意见
用于二三人称表示许诺、命令、警告、威胁等
shallnot/
shan’tdo
Shall…do…?
Yes,…shall.
No,…shan’t.
should
应当,应该
(表义务责任)
本该
(含有责备意味)
shouldnot/
shouldn’tdo
Should…do…?
will
意愿,决心
请求,建议,用在问句中would比较委婉
willnot/
won’tdo
Will…do…?
Yes,…will.
No,…won’t.
would
wouldnot/
wouldn’tdo
dare
敢
(常用于否定句和疑问句中)
darenot/
daren’tdo
Dare…do…?
Yes,…dare.
No,…daren’t.
need
需要
必须(常用于否定句和疑问句中)
neednot/
needn’tdo
Need…do…?
Yes,…must.
No,…needn’t.
usedto
过去常常
(现在已不再)
usednot/
usedn’t/
usen’ttodo
didn’tusetodo
Used…todo…?
Yes,…used.
No,…use(d)n’t.
Did…usetodo…?
Yes,…did.
No,…didn’t.
二、情态动词must,may,might,could,can表示推测:
以must为例。
must+do(be)是推测现在存在的一般状态进行;
must+bedoing推测可能正在进行的事情;
must+havedone是推测可能已经发生过的事情。
1.must“肯定,一定”语气强,只用于肯定句中。
HemustbeamanfromAmerica./Hemustbetalkingwithhisfriend./Hemusthavealreadyarrivedthere.
2.may和might“也许”,后者语气弱,更没有把握。
可用于肯定句和否定句。
Hemaynotbeathome./Theymighthavefinishedtheirtask.
3.can和could“可能”,could表示可疑的可能性,不及can’t语气强,用于肯定、否定、疑问句中。
Theweatherinthatcitycouldbecoldnow.
Wecouldhavewalkedthere;
itwassonear.(推测某事本来可能发生,但实际上没有发生)
Canhebeintheofficenow?
No,hecan’tbethere,forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.(语气很强,常用于疑问句和否定句中)
三、情态动词注意点:
1.can和beableto:
都可以表示能力。
但beableto可以表达“某事终于成功”,而can无法表达此意。
Beableto有更多的时态。
另外,两者不能重叠使用。
2.usedto和would:
usedto表示过去常常做现在已经不再有的习惯,而would只表示过去的习惯或喜好,不涉及现在。
3.need和dare作情态动词和实义动词的区别:
两者作情态动词时常用于否定句和疑问句。
其形式为:
needn’t/daren’tdo;
Need/dare…do…?
做实义动词时可用于肯定句,否定句和疑问句。
need(needs/needed)/dare(dares/dared)todo
don’t(doesn’t/didn’t)need/daretodo
以练促记:
A组
1.(2012北京,27)—Mum,mustIwashthedishesrightnow?
—No,you________.
A.shouldn'
tB.wouldn'
tC.mustn'
tD.needn'
t
2.(2012上海,39)Withthehelpofthenewtechnology,you________e-mailyourfriendsbymobilephone.
A.canB.mustC.needD.should
3.(2012重庆,32)—Mom,mustIcleanmyroomnow?
—No,you________.Youcandoittomorrow.
A.can'
tB.needn'
tD.shouldn'
4.(2012安徽,42)There'
senoughtimeforyoutogototheairport.You________hurrynow.
A.shouldB.needn'
tC.mustD.can'
5.(2012广东,34)—________Iswimhere?
—I'
msorry.Children________swimalonehere.
A.Must;
can'
tB.May;
mustC.Can;
mustn'
tD.Can'
t;
6.(2012iI宁沈阳,9)You________jumpontoabuswhileitisstillmoving.Itistoodangerous.
A.canB.mustC.can'
tD.mustn'
7.(2012福州,41)—Mum,mustIstaytherethewholeday?
—No,you_.You________comebackafterlunch,ifyoulike.
A.mustn'
canB.needn'
mustC.needn'
may
8.(2012江苏南京,5)—Haveyoudecidedwhichseniorhighschooltochoose?
—Notyet.I________gotoMoonlightSchool.
A.mustB.mayC.needD.should
9.(2012四川成都,35)—Excuseme,whoseJapanesebookisthis?
—It________beTom'
s.Inourclass,onlyheisstudyingJapanese.
A.mustB.can'
tC.would
10.(2012湖南,35)—________Idothelaundryfirst?
—No,you________.Youcandoyourhomeworkfirst.
A.Must;
tB.Can;
mustn’t
C.Must;
needn'
tD.May;
needn’t
11.(2012湖北武汉,35)—You________behappywiththestrongpublicsupportyou'
vereceived.
—Yes,you'
reright.I'
mreallyexcited.
A.mayB.canC.mustD.need
12.(2012江西,30)LastyearI________drive.Iusedtotakethebus.
A.couldB.couldn'
tC.shouldD.shouldn'
13.(2012北京,26)Manystudentscomefrompoorfamiliesandthey________affordschoollunches,sothegovernmentistryingtohelpthem.
A.needn'
tB.shouldn'
tC.can'
14.(2012内蒙古呼和浩特,10)—________Itryonthoseshoesinthewindow?
—Theyarejustonshow.
A.Could;
Yes,youcanB.Can;
Sorry,youcouldn'
C.Could;
Sorry,youcan'
tD.Can;
Yes,youcould
B组
1.(2011北京,26)—Canyourideahorse?
—No,I________.
tB.maynotC.can'
2.(2011安徽,33)—MayIgooutnow,Dad?
—No.You________letyourmotherknowfirst.
A.canB.mayC.needD.must
3.(2011黑龙江哈尔滨,28)InordertospeakEnglishbetter,we________beafraidoflosingface.Becausethemostimportantthingistopractice.Remember,practic:
emakesperfect.
A.shouldB.shouldn'
tC.haveto
4.(2011江苏南京,8)—FiftydollarsforsuchaT-shirt!
You________bejoking!
mserious.It'
smadeofsilk.
A.mustB.needC.mayD.can
5.(2011浙江杭州,22)—WillthenewiPhonecostalot?
—I________thinkso.Apple'
sproductsareusuallyexpensive
tC.wouldD.must
6.(2011厂西南宁,35)—Lookatthesign!
—Oh,Isee.We________wastewater.
A.canB.mustC.mustn’tD.needn’t
7.—________youturndownyourradio,please?
—Yes,Ican.
A.MayB.NeedC.MustD.Can
8.—CanIwearanyclothesIliketoschool?
—No,youcan'
t.You________wearauniform.
A.mightB.mustC.willD,would
9.(2010上海,35)Everyone________gothroughthesecuritycheck(安检)whenenteringtheWorldExpoPark.
A.canB.mayC.mustD.ought
10.(2010江苏南京,6)lt'
sthelibrary!
Soyou________knowshoutingisnotallowedhere.
A.canB.mustC.needD.may
11.(2010广东,37)—IsawKevininthesupermarketthismorning.
—No,it________him.HemovedtoCanadalastweek.
A.canbeB.mustbeC.can'
tbeD.mustn'
tbe
12.(2010浙江杭州,22)I'
mfeelingmuchbetternowsoyou________callthedoctor.
A.couldn'
tD.needn'
13.(2009辽宁沈阳,11)You________jumpontoabuswhileitismoving.It'
stoodangerous.
A.maynotB.mustn'
tC.mayD.must
14.(2009四川成都,36)—WhatwouldyousendtoyoursisterastheChristmasgift?
—Ihaven'
tdecidedyet.I________sendherahandbag.
A.shallB.mayC.must
15.(2008辽宁沈阳,3)Thebabyistooyoung.You________giveherbigpiecesoffood.
A.mayB.mustC.maynotD.mustnot
C组
1.(2012河南安阳一模.27)—Willyouanswerthetelephone?
It______beyourmother.
—Sorry.I______.I'
mverybusy.
A.can;
tB.will;
tC.may;
tD.need;
will
2.(2012辽宁大连模拟.29)—______Itakesomephotosinthehall?
—No,you______.
A.Can:
tB.Must;
tC.Could;
won'
3.(2012河南信阳淮滨一模,26)—Mum,______Igoouttoplay?
—Yes,youcan.Butyoumustfinishyourhomeworkfirst.
A.mustB.mayC.willD.need
4.(2012上海金山二模,39)—Mum,willyoubuymethenewiPadaftertheHighSchoolEntranceExamination?
mafraidI______,dear.Weareshortofmoneynow.
tB.mustn'
tC.shouldn'
5.(2012河北石家庄二模,36)—Where'
sLucy?
mnotsure.She______intheschoollibrary.
A.maybeB.mustbeC.maybeD.willbe
6.(2011广东)—IsthatournewEnglishteacher?
—Well,it______be,butI'
mnotquitesure.
A.shouldB.mightC.mustD.can'
7.(2011福建)—Whatareyougoingtoorder?
—Well,IthinkI______trythefriedeggs,butI'
mnotsureyet.
A.mustB.mightC.can'
8.(2011浙江)Schools______allowstudentsatleastonehouradayforsports.
A.wouldB.mightC.shouldD.could
9.(2011山西)—Ican'
tstopsmoking,doctor.
—Foryourhealth,I'
mafraidyou______.
A.mayB.needC.havetoD.must
10.(2011河北)—IwanttoknowifI______smokehere.
—No,you______.Couldyouseethesign"
NOSMOKING"
here?
A.can;
tB.must;
tC.shall;
tD.can;
11.(2010北京)—Look!
Themanatthegate______beourhead-master.Heisalwaysstandingthereeverymorning.
—No,it______behim.Heisholdingameetingintheofficenow.
A.must;
tB.must;
t;
tD.can'
12.(2010上海)Thishistorybook______beBob'
ssister'
s.Hissisterisonlyababy.
A.mustB.mightC.can'
t
13.(2010黑龙江l)Theyellowcoat______beLinda'
s,becauseno-bodylikesyellowexcepther.
tB.canC.mustn'
tD.must
14.(2010LIJ东)—MustIbeinhospitalforaweek,doctor?
—No,you______.Youcangobackhometomorrow.
tB.needn'
tC.must
15.(2010广西)—ShallItellJohnaboutit?
—No,you______.Itoldhimjustnow.
tB.can'
D组
1.(2012河北唐山路甫一模,38)People______breathewhentheyareunderwater.
tB.mustn'
tC.needn'
2.(2012江苏无锡一模,7)—Shallwemeetatthestationat8
—Infactwe______.Thetrain______until10a.m.
doesn'
tleaveB.mustn'
leaves
C.needn'
tleaveD.needn'
willleave
3.(2012北京西城一模,32)—Guesswhat?
Ourteamwontheschoolbasketballmatch.
—Congratulations.You______beveryproud.
A.canB.mustC.wouldD.may
4.(2012郑州二模,28)Accordingtoaresearch,butterflies______seemorecolorsthanhumans.
A.mustB.needC.willD.can
5.(2012河南郑州模拟,29)______youpleasepassmeapieceofpaper?
Ineedtowritedownthetelephonenumber.
A.NeedB.MustC.ShouldD.Could
6.(2011潮南)—NevertouchmycomputerwhileI'
maway.
—I______.I'
mnotinterestedincomputers.
tB.mustn'
tC.won'
tD.don'
7.(2011湖北)—Whocanitbe?
mnotsure.It______beLucy'
sfriend,LinMei.
8.(2011上海)—Whosebikeisthis?
—It______belongtoAdam.Look!
Hisbagisonit.
A.canB.mayC.willD.must
9.(2011天津)—Let'
sgotoTaishanParkbytaxi.
—It'
snotfar.We______takeataxi.
tB.