英语学考重点词汇及句型.docx

英语学考重点词汇及句型.docx

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英语学考重点词汇及句型

中考英语重点短语及句型归纳

一、固定搭配：

putdown放下shutdown把…关上cutdown砍掉comedown下来、落下slowdown减缓、放慢sitdown坐下writedown写下getdown下来,降落

2.afterall毕竟.终究afterthat然后dayafterday日复一日地

oneafteranother相继.挨次soon/shortlyafter不久以后thedayaftertomorrow后天

3.comeupwith找到、提出catchupwith赶上wakeup弄醒、醒来

sendup发射openup开设、开办growup长大

pickup拾起、捡起handsup举手eatup吃光putupcheerup

washupcleanup打扫干净giveupdoingsth.=stopdoingsth.放弃做某事

4.arriveat/in+n.到达getto+n.到达reach+n.到达arrive/get+adv.到达

5.get…back退还,送回去.取回giveback=return归还come/goback回来/去

atthebackof在…的后面ontheway（back）home在回家路上

6.atleast/most至少/多atbreakfast早餐时attable在吃饭atonce立刻,马上

atschool在上学atwork在工作atthesametime同时allatonce突然

atpresent,atthemoment=now现在atatime一次，每次attimes（sometimes）有时,

begoodat=dowellin善长becleverat…beangryatsth.besurprisedat…对……感到惊奇

lookat,laughat嘲笑smileat对……微笑shoutat对……吼叫，knockat…,arriveat…not…atall一点也不atfirst起初atlast=intheend/finally最后、终于

atnight/midnight在晚上/午夜atnoon中午atChristmas在圣诞节

attheageofwas…yearsold在…岁时

atthebeginning（of…）attheendof在…终点/末端/结束时

atthefootof在…脚下atthetop/bottomof…在……的（顶）底部

atanymoment任何时候atthedoctor’s在医务室

example例如forsure确定forever永远forfree免费forlong=foralongtime长期

begoodfor对…有益bebadfor对…有害,befamousfor…,belatefor…,

bereadyfor…,besorryfor…为……感到抱歉，bethirstyfor…渴望……

beshortfor是…的简称TVisshortfor“television”.askfor…要求得到,lookfor,waitfor,

searchfor…,carefor…喜欢，关心，照顾,sendfor…派人去请，payfor…

8.cometrue实现comedown下来comefrom=befrom来自,出生于

comein/into进入,进来comeon赶快comeover过来comealong走吧,过来,快点

comeup上来comeupwith…想出,comeout出来，出版，（花）开，

cometoanend结束,cometooneself（苏醒,恢复知觉）,comeintouse（开始被使用）

9.eventhough=evenif即使、虽然、尽管asif/asthough好像

10.bepleased/satisfied/happywith对…感到满意

bebusywith…,bestrictwithsb.,beangrywithsb.

becarefulwith…,bepatientwith…befamiliarwith…

becoveredwith被…覆盖befilledwith…

beexpected/allowed/required/askedtodosth.被期望/允许/要求做某事

bemade/seen/heard/noticedtodosth.被迫/看见/听到/注意到做某事

besurprised/excited/pleasedtodosth.,

besorry/proud/willing/ready/happy/glad/suretodosth.

beproudof以…自豪beshortof…缺乏……

besureof…对……有把握，befondof…喜欢,betiredof…对……厌倦

befullof…speakhighlyof称赞beafraidof害怕

hearof听说（hearabout/hearfromsb.收到某人的来信）ofcourse=certainly当然可以

plentyof=alotof许多agreatdealof…大量（修饰不可数名词）

theway顺便问一下byoneself单独,独自bytheendof到…结束为止

bynow到现在为止bythenbytheyear2100=by2100

bythetime（引导时间状语从句）到…的时候

onebyone依次daybyday一天天地stepbystep逐步地littlebylittle渐渐地

byair/plane乘飞机bybus/train/car乘公共汽车/火车/轿车

（catchabus赶公交车geton/offthebus上/下车takeabusto…=goto…bybus乘车去）

bymistake由于差错byaccident偶然byandby不久，后来

/tryone’sbest（todosth.）尽力（做某事）donothingbutdo…

doone’shomework做家庭作业doone’slessons做功课doMathsexercises

do（the/some）shopping购物dothecooking烹饪dosomecleaning打扫

dothe/somewashing洗衣服dowithsb/sth.处理dosomeexercise锻炼

doalotofresearchon…doasurveyon…doagoodjobwelldone干得好

doharmto….对……有害dogoodto…对……有好处

inthemorning一大早intheearlyspring初春

inmyearlydays我幼年时期theearlybus早班车

14.connect…to…把…与…连接起来tie…to…

becloseto靠近givebirthto生（孩子）losetosb输给某人.

toone’ssurprise使人惊讶的是toone’sjoy令人高兴的是totellthetruth说实话

…or…或者…或者..oneithersideofthestreet街道任何一边

（oneachsideofthestreet街道每一边onbothsidesofthestreet街道两边）

doingsth.不停地做某事（表示状态继续）keepondoingsth.坚持做某事（表示动作反复进行）practisedoingsth.练习做某事enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事

finishdoingsth.做完某事minddoingsth.介意做某事goondoingsth.继续做某事（同一件事）（goontodosth.接着做某事（另一事）goonwithsth.继续某事）continuedoing（todo）…继续做considerdoing…考虑做suggestdoing…建议做……

can’thelp/stopdoingsth.情不自禁地做某事，禁不住做……giveupdoing…

spend…doing…,feellikedoing…,havefun/agreattimedoing…,havedifficultydoing…,bebusydoing…,beinterestedindoing…,befondofdoing…,begoodatdoing…,becrazyaboutdoing…,how/whataboutdoing…,worryaboutdoingsth.,thanksb.fordoing…,insteadofdoing…,becauseofdoing…,beusedtodoing…,payattentiontodoing…,lookforwardtodoing…,preferdoing…todoing…,devote…todoing…,putone’seffortintodoing…,beworthdoing…

17.gostraightalong/on沿着…一直往前走godown下降,goup上升,

gothrough经历，浏览goby（时间）过去，经过goover复习goinfor参加，从事

goforawalk/swim/picnic去散步/游泳/野餐,gowronggomad/bad

goshopping/swimming/skiing/skating/hiking/walking/sightseeing/boating,

gotothecinema/movie去看电影gowell进展顺利,gowellwith…与……相配

gooffto动身前往,goout外出;熄灭,goawaygotowork去上班,

goonastudytripgoonholiday休假wantago想试一试

18.thinkabout考虑（thinkof认为、想起、考虑、想到thinkover仔细考虑）

talkabout谈论,worryabout担心,How/Whatabout……怎么样

…from…从…借….（lend…to…把…借给…）

fromdoortodoor挨家挨户,fromtimetotime时而

fromnowon从今以后fromthenon从那以后

bedifferentfrom与…不同（bethesameas…）

dressed穿衣getkilled/married/hurtget/belost丢失

getinto进入getoutof从…出来getoff/on下/上车getin收割getupgetto…

geton/alongwellwithsb.与某人相处得好getintotrouble

getreadyfor+n.为…做准备;getreadytodosth.准备做某事getusedto…习惯于……

get/gotosleep（fallasleep）入睡（beasleep睡着）getwarm变暧getwell康复

getsb.sth.=getsth.forsb.getsb.todosth.

21.lookfor寻找lookatlookafter=takecareof照看looklike看起来像

lookover检查,复习lookout小心,从里向外看lookthesame看起来一样

lookup向上看,查询,lookdown俯视lookdownon/upon轻视，瞧不起

lookaround环视lookbackon…回顾lookforwardto期望lookthrough浏览

22.setoff出发、动身putoff推迟keepoff避开、不靠近…dropoff放下（某物）

turnoff关jumpoff跳离,takeoff脱（衣）（飞机）起飞showoff炫耀

seeoff送别falloff…从……掉下getoff,turnoff，knock…off…

23.halfakilo半千克halfanhour半小时inhalf分成两半

halfoftheday半天ayearandahalf（oneandahalfyears）一年半

24.doeyeexercises做眼保健操domorningexercises做早操

take（more）exercise（多）参加体育锻炼anexercisebook练习本

25.takepartin参加handin上交inhospital/prison住院/坐牢

insurprise/fear吃惊地/害怕地inthesun在阳光下introuble/danger处于困境/危险inaminute/moment/while马上inafewyears’time=inafewyears几年以后

inthefutureinfact实际上infrontof…,intime,inturn依次,inorder

inorderto…为了inaway从某种意义上讲insome/manyways,inotherways在其它方面

inthisway用这种方法inaword总而言之inotherwords换句话说inall总共，共计

inahurry匆忙inspace在太空inandoutofclass在课内课外

inthelastfifteenminutes在最后十五分钟里inthepastfew/twentyyears

inone’sopinion依照某人的看法，在某人看来inone’sfifties在某人50多岁时

inthefirst/secondhalf在上/下半场ingood/poorhealthinpublicinservice/use

intheair/sky在空中intheopenair在户外inamess杂乱

intheformof…以……的形式,inthehabitof…有……的习惯

26.leavefor…动身去某地leave…for…离开……去……

27feedon以…为主食baseon以…为根据carryon坚持、继续下去

walk/moveon继续走/移动dependon…依靠……workon从事于lookdownon…

turnon（theradio/computer/light/tap/gas）puton穿上，上演geton（well）with…

andsoon等等ontheotherhand另一方面ontheothersideof…onfoot步行

onearth究竟onthewayto…,onSundays,onthemorning/afternoon/evening/nightofMay1

ontheradio/telephone,onbusinessondutyonholidayontimeontopof…

28.befamousfor以..著名beexcitedabout+n./V-ing对…感到兴奋

beinterestedin对…感兴趣beborn出生bebusywithsth.—bebusydoingsth.忙于…beamazed/surprisedat对..感到惊讶

29.moveaway移开moveto（搬）移到movehousemoveoutof…moveinto…

30.searchtheInternet上网search…for….,searchforsth.

31.makesure确信makeadialogue编对话makeamistake犯错误

makeanoise吵闹makefaces做鬼脸makefriends（with）和..交朋友makeroom/spacefor给..让地方makealiving,（谋生）maketea沏茶makemoney赚钱makeanexcuse,makeadecision作出决定makeasuggestion,make（great）progressin…在……取得（巨大）的进步,makeaspeech,makeapromise,makethebed,makenoteson…

makeagreatdifferenceto…,make（good）useof…,makefunof…,

makeacontributionto（doing）sth.为……作贡献

makeatelephonecalltosb./ringsb.up/givesb.acall/phone/call/telephonesb.给某人打电话

todosth过去常常做某事get/beusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事

33.leavesth+介词短语　“把……忘记在某处”

34.动词不定式做宾语：

wouldlike/want/hope/wish/prefer/decide/plan/begin/start/choose/prepare/agree/continue/volunteer/promise/offer/afford/fail/refuse/expect/managetodosth.

动词不定式做宾语补足语：

encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事

want/wouldlike/need/require/expect/invite/encourage/order/tell/ask/warn/advise/promise/remind/teach/allowsb.todosth.

含有不定式的短语

havenochoicebuttodosth.do/tryone’sbesttodosth.dowhat/allsb.cantodosth.

can’twaittodosth.迫不及待做某事

不带to的不定式短语：

donothingbutdosth.hadbetter（not）dosth.can’tdo…butdo…,wouldratherdo…thando…,prefertodo…ratherthando…,Whynotdo…Wouldyou（please）（not）do…

一“感”，二“听”，三“让”，四“看”

feel/listento/hear/make/have/let/see/watch/lookat/noticesb.dosth.

改为被动语态要加to：

bemade/seen/heardtodosth.

注意区别下列短语：

trytodo…/trydoing…;forget/remembertodo/doing…,stoptodo/doing…;meantodo/doing…;goontodo/doing…/beafraidofdoing…/beafraidtodo…

35.区别hearsb.do（doing）sth.听见某人（正）做某事watch/see/noticesb.do/doingsth.

sb.（to）dosth.withsth.帮助某人做某事withone’shelp在某人的帮助下

withthehelpof…withpleasure乐意withjoy/excitement

（computer）games,playhide-and-seek,playsports,playajoke/trickonsb.,playwith…,

playchess/cards/volleyball/football/badminton/tennis/tabletennis,playthepiano/violin/guitar

playballgames,playtheroleof…,playanimportantrolein…

into走进pourinto倒入…walkintogetintomoveinto