人教版新课标英语必修4系统语法梳理主谓一致与Ving形式用法学生版和教师版Word下载.docx
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Thesetrousersneedcleaning.Thepairoftrousersismine.
3.数词与量词作主语的主谓一致
（1）表示时间、重量、距离、价格、体积等名词的复数作主语时，通常当做整体看待，后接单数动词。
Twentyyearsisalongtimeinone’slife.
（2）分数和百分数修饰可数或不可数名词作主语时，谓语形式由名词所表达的含义而定。
Aboutonethirdofthebooksareworthreading.
Alargepercentageofthewheatcropwasruinedbytheflood.
（3）由kind（form,type,sort,portion,series,quantity,amount）of等修饰的主语，其谓语动词形式取决于这些词的单、复数而不是它们后面所跟的名词的单复数。
Anewtypeofbus________（be）nowonshow.
Allkindsofdifficulties________（have）tobeovercome.
Largequantitiesofwater_______（be）neededforcoolingpurposes.
（4）anumberof,avarietyof,agroupof等修饰名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；
而thenumberof,thevarietyof修饰名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
Anumberofstudentsarefromthenorth.
Thenumberofthestudentsfromthesouthissmall.
（5）如果主语由“manya,morethanone+名词”构成，谓语动词用单数形式。
◆非谓语动词的常考形式与所表达含义
非谓语动词形式
所表达含义
所充当句子成分
doing
done
todo
tobedone
beingdone
havingdone
havingbeendone
一、V-ing形式作主语
v-ing形式若作主语或宾语时，也称作动名词。
1.作主语
动名词作主语通常有两种位置：
一是位于句首；
另一种是it作形式主语，而将动名词短语移至句末。
Talkingmendsnoholes.空谈于事无补。
It’snousewaitinghere.在此等待毫无用处。
常用动名词作主语的句型：
It+beawasteoftimedoingsth.It+benogood/nousedoingsth.
It+worthwhiledoingsth.There+benopoint/sense（in）doingsth.
二、V-ing形式作宾语
1.下列动词只能用动名词作宾语
考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。
避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。
禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。
consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse/pardon
admit,delay/putoff,fancy
avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practice
deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate
forbid,imagine,risk
can’thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape
2.下列结构之后也用动名词作宾语
beusedto
leadto
devoteto
objectto
getdownto
payattentionto
can’tstand
giveup
feellike
insiston
putoff
beinterestedin
befondof
begoodat
spend…indoing
lookforwardto
succeedin
bebusyin
contribute…to
thankyoufor
apologizefor
forgive…for
haveagood/wonderful/hardtime（in）
prevent/keep/stop…from…
havedifficulty/trouble（in）doing
3.下列动词后既可以用不定式也可以用动名词作宾语
1.forget2.remember3.stop
4.try5.mean6.go
7.can’thelp
三、V-ing形式作定语、
1.作定语的及物动词分词形式为：
v-ing,being+过去分词；
过去分词
2.作定语的不及物动词分词形式为：
v-ing与过去分词
四、V-ing形式作表语
动名词与现在分词作表语区别：
1.动名词作表语表示一般性、经常性动作。
HisjobisteachingEnglish.
2.动名词作表语表示主语的内容，可以把主语和表语交换；
而现在分词作表语表明主语的性质、特征，此时主语和表语不可交换位置。
Thestoryisverytouching.Ourjobisplayingallkindsofmusic.
Themusictheyareplayingissoexcited.Seeingisbelieving.
Myworkislookingafterthechildren.Thetaskofthisclassispracticingtheidioms.
Withthehelpoftheteacher,thestudentsarepracticingtheidioms.
五、V-ing形式作宾语补足语
动名词不作宾补，现在分词作宾补主要用法：
1.感官动词see,watch,observe,lookat,hear,listento,notice等作宾补
2.使役动词作宾语补足语
1.（2012陕西）Thebasketballcoach,aswellashisteam,_________interviewedshortlyafterthematchfortheiroutstandingperformance.
A.wereB.wasC.isD.are
2.（2005山东）Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearth_________eachyear.
A.iswashingawayB.isbeingwashedawayC.arewashingawayD.arebeingwashedaway
3.（2006浙江）Thecompanyhadabout20notebookcomputersbutonlyone-third_________usedregularly.Nowwehave60workingallday.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
4.（2009四川）Theteachertogetherwiththestudents_________discussingReadingSkillsthat_________newlypublishedinAmerica.
A.are;
wereB.is;
wereC.are;
wasD.is;
was
5.（2009山东）ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities________risingsteadilysince1997.
A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen
6.（2006天津）Whatweusedtothink__________impossiblenowdoesseempossible.
A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.willbe
7.（2009湖南）Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents________toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.
A.areB.isC.haveD.be
8.（2010湖南）Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts_________causedhearinglossinsometeenagers.
A.isB.areC.hasD.have
9.（2011安徽）Thefactoryused65percentoftherawmaterials,therestofwhich_________savedforotherpurposes.
10.（2006陕西）Theconstructionofthetwonewrailwaylines_________bynow.
A.hasbeencompletedB.havebeencompletedC.hascompletedD.havecompleted
11.（2013山东）Theroomisemptyexceptforabookshelf_________inonecorner.
A.standingB.tostandC.standsD.stood
12.（2012陕西）________inalongqueue,wewaitedforthestoretoopentobuyaNewiPad.
A.StandingB.TostandC.StoodD.Stand
13.（2013重庆）WhenIwaslittle,mymotherusedtositbymybed,________mestoriestillIfellasleep.
A.havingtoldB.tellingC.toldD.totell
14.（2011山东）Lookoverthere—thereisaverylong,windingpath_________uptothehouse.
A.leadingB.leadsC.ledD.tolead
15.（2011辽宁）_________aroundthefire,thetouristsdancedwiththelocalpeople.
A.GatherB.TogatherC.GatheringD.Tobegathering
16.（2010安徽）Hehadawonderfulchildhood,_________withhismothertoallcornersoftheworld.
A.travelB.totravelC.traveledD.traveling
17.（2013福建）_________basicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.
A.KnownB.HavingknownC.KnowingD.Beingknown
18.（2009上海）Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,__________allfourpeopleonboard.
A.killedB.killingC.killsD.tokill
19.（2006湖南）Thewildflowerslookedlikeasoftorangeblanket_________thedesert.
A.coveringB.coveredC.coverD.tocover
20.（2013福建）_________howothersreacttothebookyouhavejustreadcreatesanaddedpleasure.
A.HearingB.HearC.HavingheardD.Tobehearing
Part1单词拼写
1.Theprisoner__________________（努力，奋斗，斗争，挣扎）butcouldn’tescape.
2.Several__________________（十年）haveelapsedsinceIgraduatedfromthecollege.
3.His__________________（饥饿，渴望）forknowledgedrovehimtothelibrary.
4.Haveyougottheonethathavean__________________（输出，产量）of150horsepower?
5.With__________________（膨胀，伸展）wings,thehawksoaredaboveus.
6.Bypersistencemanycountrieswon__________________（自由，自主）intheend.
7.Thesoldiersarefully__________________（装备，配备）,andtheyarereadytojointhebattleatanytime.
8.Wedonothaveenoughmoney.__________________（因此，所以）wecannotaffordtobuythenewcar.
9.HereturnedfromParisandfoundhisofficewasundersomeoneelse’s__________________（占有，占据，职业）.
10.Thosewordsare__________________（下划线，强调）intheEnglishbook.
11.Joan__________________（评论，注释）thatitwasabetterplaythanusual,andIagreed.
12.Hesaidthathe__________________（后悔，惋惜，遗憾）theirfailuretoreachanagreement.
13.Thesoldiers__________________（战斗，战役）againsttheopposingarmyallday.
14.Inthosedayspoverty__________________（减小，减少，使落魄）manypeopletobeginthestreet.
15.Hiseyesweresotiredthathehaddifficulty__________________（焦点，焦距；
集中，聚集）onit.
16.Theinventorwasrewardedbythegovernmentforhisseveral__________________（成就，实现，完成，达到）.
17.Thankyouformakingmyvisitso__________________（值得的）.Ishalltreasureyourfriendshipandkindhospitalityyouhavegivenme.
18.__________________（观察，评论，庆祝，遵守）thatshewasverypale,Iaskedhimwhatwasthematterwithhim.
19.Hehas__________________（表现，行为，举止）wellinschool.
20.Thetermsoftheagreement__________________（尊敬，尊重）theboundarylinebetweenthetwocountries.
21.Thefailure__________________（激发，鼓舞）himtogreatefforts.
22.TheUnitedStatesshould,he__________________（争论，争辩）,attempttoremainaloof.
23.He’sinvolvedinthe__________________（组织，机构）ofanewclub.
24.Weare__________________（运动，战役，竞选活动）againstcorruptioningovernment.
25.Thelocaldoctorcouldn’ttellwhatwaswrong,sohesenthertoseea__________________（专家）.
26.Theywere__________________（支持，支撑，供养）byalocalbandatthattime.
27.__________________（疾病，恶心）oftenresultsfromeatingtoomuch.
28.Ihad__________________（打算，计划）tocatchtheearlytrain,butIdidn’tgetupearly.
29.She__________________（提到，提及，查阅，参考）thesubjectseveraltimesduringherspeech.
30.Thepolicechiefspokeofhis__________________（决心）tocatchthekillers.
31.Withtheseincidents,TangYingconsultedexpertsfromvariousvocationsformeasuresin__________________（紧急状况，突发事件）.
32.Each__________________（代，辈）hasitsownstandardsofjudgment.
33.Younggirlsmustbe__________________（谦虚的，适度的）inspeech,dressandbehavior.
34.Hermotherly__________________（仁慈，好意）attachesusalltoher.
35.Thepostmanatlast__________________（投递，接生，发表演说）theletterwehadbeenwaitingfor.
36.AlthoughshehadneverbeeninterviewedonTVbefore,she__________________（表演，履行，执行，手术）well.
37.Nowadays,electricalapplianceshaveenteredinto__________________（平凡的，普通的）families.
38.Thecandidate’sspeech__________________（使信服，说服）thevotersthathe
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