英语甘肃省兰州市第一中学届高三上学期期中考试.docx

英语甘肃省兰州市第一中学届高三上学期期中考试.docx

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英语甘肃省兰州市第一中学届高三上学期期中考试

甘肃省兰州市第一中学2018届高三上学期期中考试

英语试题

说明：

本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。

答案写在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡。

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Whatwillyouthinkofwhenitcomesto“HongKong”and“greatswimming”?

Shoppingsure,butswimmingpool?

Turnsout,alongwithallitsotherattractions,HongKongisloadedwithwonderfulpools.

TheRitz－Carlton

ThepoolattheRitz－Carltonisbreathtaking,thankstotheview,thealtitudeand,ofcourse,theswim.Onthe118thfloorat484metersabovethestreetinthetallestbuildinginHongKong,it’stheworld’shighestswimmingpool.Theceilingandwallsaremadeupof144LEDscreensdisplayingcoralreefsandothernaturalscenes.

WHotelHongKong

Ifyouhaveonlyoneniceswimsuit,saveitfortheWHotelHongKong.Onlypeoplelivinginthishotelcanenjoythiswonderfulpool,whichisHongKong’shighestrooftoppool.Thehotel’ssignatureWETdeckisfamousforstylishandoccasionallywildpoolsidepartiesinsummer.WETalsofeaturesagoodcocktailbarandaJacuzzi.

HotelIndigo

OneofHongKong’suniqueexperiencesisswimminginHotelIndigo’sglassbottompool.Thepoolprotrudesfromthehotel,allowingpeoplebelowtoseeswimmersandtheswimmerstodolapswhilecheckingoutthetrafficbelow.Thepoolissmallercomparedtootherlocalgrandhotelsandonlyavailabletothehotelguests.

FourSeasonsHotel

TheFourSeasonsHotelgorgeousinfinitypooloverlooksVictoriaHarbor.Evencooler,thehotelpipesinunderwatermusic,makingtheswimmuchmorewonderful,orannoying,dependingonyourtasteinmusic.Thepoolisopenonlytohotelguests.

1.Atwhichhotelcanatouriststillenjoyswimmingifhe/shelivesinnoneofthehotelsmentionedabove?

A.TheRitz－Carlton.　　　　　　B.WHotelHongKong.

C.HotelIndigo.D.FourSeasonsHotel.

2.WhatdoweknowaboutswimmersinHotelIndigo?

A.Theycanbeseenbypeoplebelow.B.Theycancheckoutthehotel.

C.Theycanguidethetrafficbelow.D.Theycanbeaskedtodolaps.

3.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?

A.Aresearchpaper.B.Anofficialannouncement.

C.Atouristbrochure.D.Afashionmagazine.

B

Haveyoueverimaginedtravelingtoaforeigncountrywithouthavingtoworryabouttheheadacheofcommunicatinginadifferentlanguage?

InarecentWallStreetJournalarticle,technologypolicyexpertAlecRossarguedthat,withinadecadeorso,we’llbeabletocommunicatewithoneanotherviasmallearpieceswithbuilt-inmicrophones.That’sbecausetechnologicalprogressisextremelyrapid.It’sonlyamatteroftime.Indeed,someparentsfirmlyholdtheideathatthistechnologyisapproachingandthey’rewonderingiftheirkidsshouldevenlearnasecondlanguage.

It’struethatanincreaseinthequantityandaccuracyofthedataloadedintocomputerswillmakethemclevererattranslating“Noesbuenodormirmucho”as“It’snotgoodtosleeptoomuch.”Replacingawordwithitsequivalent（同义词）inthetargetlanguageisactuallythe“easypart”ofatranslator’sjob.Buteventhisseemstobeadiscouragingtaskforcomputers.

It’ssodifficultforcomputersbecausetranslationdoesn’t—orshouldn’t—involvesimplytranslatingwords,sentencesorparagraphs.Rather,it’sabouttranslatingmeaning.Andinordertoinfermeaningfromaspecificexpression,humanshavetointerpretamassofinformationatthesametime.

Thinkaboutalltherelatedcluesthatgointounderstandinganexpression：

volume，gesture,situation,andevenyourculture.Allarelikelytoconveyasmuchmeaningasthewordsyouuse.

Therefore,weshouldbeveryskepticalofamachinethatisunabletointerprettheworldaroundus.Ifpeoplefromdifferentculturescanoffendeachotherwithoutrealizingit,howcanweexpectamachinetodobetter?

Unlessengineersactuallyfindawaytobreatheasoulintoacomputer,undoubtedlywhenitcomestoconveyingandinterpretingmeaningusinganaturallanguage,amachinewillneverfullytakeourplace.

4.Whatviewdoestheauthorholdabouttranslation?

A.Propertranslationcanbetoughforhumans.

B.Slightdifferencesmatterlittleintranslation.

C.Somemachineswillinterpretourworldproperly.

D.Culturesdeservemoreattentionthanwordsused.

5.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.AnExpert’sPrecisePredictionB.TheComplexityofTranslation

C.WhoWillBeaBetterTranslatorD.WillLanguageBarrierActuallyDisappear?

6.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothemodemtechnology?

A.Unclear.B.Objective.C.Optimistic.D.Negative.

7.Inwhichcolumncanyoureadthearticleinanewspaper?

A.LanguageLearning.B.Commentsonhotissues.

C.ScienceDevelopment.D.Translationtips.

C

TheWorldHealthOrganizationreportcomparedthe“obesity-relatedbehaviors”foryoungstersacross42nations.AnditrevealsUKkidsareamongthelaziest.

Amongteenagegirls,theScotstoppedtheleaguetableformostscreentime,with80percentspendingatleasttwohoursadayoncomputers.Walescamefourthwith76percent,andEnglandseventhwith75percent.GirlsinArmeniaandAlbaniawereleastlikelytospendhoursidlingonline.

Screentimefiguresforboyswereevenhigher.WaleswassecondintheEuropean“couchpotato”league,with85percentgluedtotheirscreensforatleasttwohours.Scotlandwasthirdwith84percent,andEngland15thwith77percent.BoysinSwitzerlandandPortugalwereleastlikelytodedicatetwohoursadaytosittinginfrontofacomputer.

LeadresearcherDr.JoInchley,fromtheUniversityofStAndrews,saidsocialmediawasimpactingonkids’health.Shesaid,“Weknowtherearerisks,suchascyberbullyingandimpactonmentalhealth.Also,therearelonger-termimpactsonphysicalhealthfrombeingsedentary.Oneofthemainchallengesisthatthiskindofactivity（socialmediaandcomputeruse）issomuchpartofyoungpeople’slivesthesedays.”Shesaidmoreneedstobedonetogetkidsmovingthroughouttheday.

Dr.StevenMann,researchdirectorforUKActivesaidthefindingswere“alarming”.Hesaid,“Modernlifehaschanged,butwhenteensarespendinghourshavingfunwithFacebook,Instagramandvideogames,theysimplyaren’tgettingtheexercisethattheyneed.Thesealarminginactivityfiguresshowthatplaytimeisoverbeforeithasstartedfortoomanychildren,puttingthematfargreaterriskoffutureconditionslikeheartdisease,cancerandtype2diabetes.”

TamFry,fromtheNationalObesityForum,warnedBritteensarenow“slavestohand-helddevices”.AndtheWHOwarnsfourinfivefatteenswillcontinuetostrugglewiththeirweightthroughoutlife.ThereportalsoshowslessthanhalfofUKyoungstersconsumefruitorvegdaily.

8.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“obesity-relatedbehaviors”foryoungstersacross42nations?

A.UKkidsdidn’texerciseenough.

B.Girlsspentmoretimeoncomputersthanboys.

C.GirlsinWalesrankedthefirstintermsofscreentime.

D.OnlySwissboysareamongthelaziest.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sedentary”inParagraph4mean?

A.Cyberbullying.B.Computerusing.

C.Exercising.D.Sittingorlittleactivity.

10.WhatisthemainreasonforobesityforUKteens?

A.Lessfruitorvegconsuming.B.Toomuchuseofelectronicdevices.

C.Toomuchplaytime.D.Lackofphysicaleducation.

11.Whyarethesescreentimefiguresalarming?

A.UKkidswillbebeaten.

B.AllUKkidswillsufferfromoverweight.

C.Riskofcertaindiseaseswillincrease.

D.Morehand-helddevicesneedtobeproduced.

D

InJune2014,twoleadingmediainAmericareportedthatthree-year-oldVictoriaWilcher,whosufferedfacialscarring,waskickedoutofaKFCbecauseshewasafrighteningcustomer.Later,KFCannouncedthatnoevidencehadbeenfoundtosupportthestory.Thisphenomenonislargelyaproductoftheincreasingpressureinnewsroomsthatcaremoreabouttrafficfigures.

BrookeBinkowski,aneditor,saysthatshehasseenashifttowardslessresponsibilityinnewsrooms.“Clickbaitisking,sonewsroomswilluncriticallyprintsomethingunreal.Notallnewsroomsarelikethis,butalotofthemare.”

Askedwhatthedrivingfactorwas,ajournalistsaid,“You’veastricteditorandyou’vetomeetyourtargets.Andsomeyoungjournalistsareinexperiencedandwillnotdothosechecks.Somuchnewsreportedonlinehappensonline.Thereisnoneedtogetoutandknockonsomeone’sdoor.Youjustsitatyourdeskanddoit.”

Anotherjournalistsays,“Moreclicksequalmoremoney.Atmyformeremployerinparticular,thepressurewasduetothelimitedresources.Thatmadetheenvironmentquitehorribletoworkin.”

InaFeb.2015reportforDigitalJournalism,CraigSilvermanwrote,“Todaythebarforwhatisworthgivingattentiontoseemstobemuchlower.Withinminutesorhours,abadlysourcedreportcanbechangedintoastorythatisrepeatedbydozensofnewswebsites,resultingintensofthousandsofshares.Therumorbecomestrueforreaderssimplybyvirtueofitsubiquity.”

And,despitethedirectionthatsomenewsroomsseemtobeheadingin,acriticaleyeisbecomingmore,notlessimportant,accordingtotheNewYorkTimes’publiceditor,MargaretSullivan.“Reportersandeditorshavetobemorecarefulthaneverbefore.It’sextremelyimportanttoquestionandtoprovebeforepublication.”Yetthoseworkinginnewsroomstalkofdoubtfulstoriesbeingtolerated.Inthewordsofsomesenioreditors,“aclickisaclick,regardlessoftheadvantageofastory”.And,“ifthestorydoesturnouttobefalse,it’ssimplyachanceforanotherbiteatthecherry.”

12.AccordingtoBrookeBinkowski,newsroomsproducefalsenewsbecause_________.

A.clickscountalotB.resourcesarelimited

C.budg