住院医师规范化培训英语试题.docx

住院医师规范化培训英语试题.docx

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住院医师规范化培训英语试题

住院医师规范化培训英语试题

姓名：

成绩

第1部分：

词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

　　1Forsomeobscurereason,thesimplegameisbecomingverypopular.

　　AunclearBobviousCmajorDminor

　　2Theseaturtle'snaturalhabitathasbeenconsiderablyreduced.

　　AgreatlyBsuddenlyCgenerallyDslightly

　　3IgotanotefromMoiraurgingmetogetintouch.

　　AinstructingBnotifyingCpushingDinviting

　　4Itispossibletoapproachtheprobleminadifferentway.

　　AraiseBposeCexperienceDhandle

　　5Thedecisiontoinvadeprovokedstormsofprotest.

　　AignoredBorganizedCcausedDreceived

　　6Janesaidthatshecouldn'ttoleratethelonghours.

　　AspendBtakeClastDstand

　　7At80,PeckwasstillvigorousandlivinginParis.

　　AenergeticBhappyCaloneDbusy

　　8Foresterstaredathiscar,tremblingwithrage.

　　AshakingBturningCjumpingDshouting

　　9Ayoungmanisbeinghailedaherotonightafterrescuingtwochildren.

　　AreportedBprovedCpraisedDcaught

　　10Iwantedtoaskheroutbutwasscaredthatshemightrefuse.

　　AanxiousBsureCsadDafraid

　　11Atthattime,wedidnotfullygraspthesignificanceofwhathadhappened.

　　AgiveBattachCloseDunderstand

　　12Andersonleftthetable,remarkingthathehadsomeworktodo.

　　A doubtingBsayingCthinkingDknowing

　　13Heassertedthatnuclearpowerwasasafeandnon-pollutingenergysource.

　　AmaintainedBrecommendedCconsideredDacknowledged

　　14Thestudyalsonotesasteadydeclineinthenumberofcollegestudentstakingsciencecourses.

　　ArelativeBgeneralCcontinuousDsharp

　　15Shealwaysfindsfaultwitheverything.

　　AcriticizesBsimplifiesCevaluatesDexamines

　　第2部分：

阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

　　下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

RelievingthePain

　　"Exercisemaybethebesttreatmentofchronicpain,"saydoctorsatanewclinicfordealingwithpain."Peoplewithchronicpainneedtostoplyingaround,gooutmore,andstartexercising."Theinstinctivereactiontoacutepainistostopmovingandtotrytoprotectthesourceofpain.Butitseemsthatthisisoftennotproductive,especiallyinthecaseofbackpain.Backpain,afterheadachesandtiredness,hasbecomethethirdmostcommonreasonforpeopletovisittheirdoctors.Painfulbacksnowaccountformillionsofdaysoffwork.

　　Lumber（腰部的）painsarepartlythepricehumanspayfortakingtheirforelimbsofftheground,buttheyaremadeworsebyasedentary（久坐不动的）lifestyle.Lackofexerciseslowlydecreasestheflexibilityandstrengthofmuscles,sothatitismoredifficulttotakepressureoffthesiteofpain.Exerciseisessential.Itreleasesendorphins（内啡肽）,thebody's"feel-good"chemicals,whicharenaturalpainkillers.Infact,thesearesoimportantthatresearchersarenowlookingfordrugsthatcanmaintainacomfortablelevelofendorphinsinthebody.

　　Mostpeoplewhogotoafamilydoctorcomplainingofpainareprescribedpain-killingdrugsratherthanexercise.Sincefindingthecauseofbackacheisnotsoeasy,doctorsfrequentlydonotknowtheprecisecauseofthediscomfort,andasthepaincontinues,sufferersenduptakingstrongerdosesorseriesofdifferentdrugs."It'scrazy,"saysDr.Brasseur,atherapistattheInternationalAssociationfortheStudyofPain."Someofthemaretakingdifferentdrugsprescribedbydifferentdoctors.I'vejustseenapatientwhowastakingtwodrugswhichturnedouttobethesamethingunderdifferentnames."

　　Agenerationofnewpainclinicsnowoperatesonthebasisthatdrugsarebestavoided.Oncepatientshaveundergonetheinitialphysicalandpsychologicalcheckup,theirmedicationiscutdownasmuchaspossible.Takingpatientsoffdrugsalsopreparesthemforphysicalactivity.

　　Insomepain-reliefclinics,patientsbeginthedaywithmusclecontractionandrelaxationexercise,followedbyanhouronexercisebikes.Laterintheday,theypracticet'aichi（太极）self-defense,anddeepthought.Thiscompareswithanaverageoftwo-and-ahalfhoursphysiotherapy（理疗）aweekinatraditionalhospitalprogram."Theideaistostrengthenandtoincreaselong-lastingenergy,flexibility,andconfidence,"explainsBillWiles,aconsultantpaindoctorinLiverpool."Patientsundergoingthistherapygetbacktoworkandresumehealthyactivelifestylesmuchsoonerthatthosesubjectedtomoreconservativetreatment."

　　16Totreatpain,patientsshouldstopmovingaround.

　　ARight

　　BWrong

　　CNotmentioned

　　17Headachesarepartlycausedbylackofexercise.

　　ARight

　　BWrong

　　CNotmentioned

　　18Exercisehelpstotakethepressureoffthesiteofpain.

　　ARight

　　BWrong

　　CNotmentioned

　　19Doctorsoftenusedrugssuchasendorphinstotreatpatients.

　　ARight

　　BWrong

　　CNotmentioned

　　20Backachesufferersoftenenduptakingmorethanonedrugtokillpain.

　　ARight

　　BWrong

　　CNotmentioned

　　21Exerciseshelpspainsuffererstorecovermorequicklythantraditionaltreatment.

　　ARight

　　BWrong

　　CNotmentioned

　　22Newpainclinicsaskpatientstogiveupdrugscompletely.

　　ARight

　　BWrong

　　CNotmentioned

　　第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

　　下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个最佳标题；

（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

OwlsandLarks（猫头鹰与云雀）

　　1Inthisarticle,welookattheimportanceofsleepforlearning.Mosthealthyadultsneedeightormorehoursofsleep.Butwhydoweneedsleepinthefirstplace?

Weneedsleepforthebraintogetachancetorebuildmemoriesstoredduringthedayandassociatethesewithpreviouslylearnedthings.Ifthisprocessisinterruptedby,say,thesoundofanalarmclock,itmaynotbeaseffective.Soifyoursleepiscutshortbythealarmclock,howdamagingisit?

Thetruthisthatit'sdifficulttopredict,assomuchdependsonhowmuchsleepyourbodyactuallyneedsonthatparticularoccasion.

　　2Thepopularbeliefthatpeoplearenaturallyeitherlarks（earlyrisers）orowlsisfalse.Thereasonwhypeopletendtobeoneortheotherhasmoretodowithlifestyle,age,andpersonality.Manypeoplewhoappeartobeearlybirdsmayhavejustbecomesothroughhabit,forexample,parentswithveryyoungchildren.Teenagerscanhavedifficultyfallingasleepuntillateatnightandthentheynaturallyhaveproblemsgettingupthefollowingmorning.

　　3Themainreasonwhyowlsareowlsisthattheytendtospendtheirtimeoverabook,movie,orcomputergametilltheearlyhoursofthemorning.Theyenjoythequietofthenightwhentheycanpursuetheirpassion.Ontheotherhand,larkscanmakebetteruseofearlymorninghourswheretheycanstudyinquietatthetimewhentheirbrainsaremostrefreshed.Sowhichisbetterforlearning-anowl'soralark'slifestyle?

Thesimpletruthisthatitismorecomplexthansimplybeingoneortheother.Leadingawell-balancedlifeintermsofworkandplayandsleepingenoughtobringmaximumrefreshmentisprobablythesecret.

　　4Asfornaps,expertsoninsomnia（失眠）argueagainsttakingnaps,asthesemaykeeppeopleupatnight.Ifyournaplastsonlyfiveminutestohalfanhouranddoesnotaffectyourabilitytofallasleepinthenight,itwillprobablyhelpyoubemorealertineveninghours.However,ifyouarehavingproblemsgettingtosleepatnight,it'snotonlynapsthatyoushouldavoid.Trynottodrinkalotofalcohol,takenicotine（尼古丁）,domentallyintenseactivitieslikepreparingforexamsordoingexerciseintheevening.Somepeopleswearthatdrinkingcoffeeneverstopsthemfromsleepinglikealog,whereasotherswillnevergonearthestuffforfearofbeingawakeallnight.However,thebestadviceformostistoavoiditintheevening,andifyoudrinkcoffeebeforeanap,rememberyouarelikelytoawakenassoonasthecaffeinestartskickingin.

　　23Paragraph1_________

　　24Paragraph2_________

　　25Paragraph3_________

　　26Paragraph4_________

　　AWhatshouldweavoid?

　　BHowmuchsleepdoweneed?

　　CWhichisbetter,beinganowloralark?

　　DWhydoweneedsleep?

　　EWhatmakespeopleowlsorlarks?

　　FWhathelpsusfallasleep?

　　27Sleephelpsbrainto_________.

　　28Parentswithveryyoungchildrentendto_________

　　29Agoodlifestylemeansonecan_________.

　　30Itisgoodadviceformostpeopleto_________.

　　Asleepenoughtobringmostrefreshment

　　Bkeepawayfromcoffeeintheevening

　　Cstayuptilltheearlyhoursofthemorning

　　Dgetupquiteearly

　　Estorememoriesinthebrain

　　Frebuildmemoriesstoredduringtheday

　　第4部分：

阅读理解（第3l～45题，每题3分，共45分）

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容,为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇CellPhones:

HangUporKeepTalking?

　　Millionsofpeopleareusingcellphonestoday.Inmanyplacesitisactuallyconsideredunusualnottouseone.Inmanycountries,cellphonesareverypopularwithyoungpeople.Theyfindthatthephonesaremorethanameansofcommunication-havingamobilephoneshowsthattheyarecoolandconnected.

　　Theexplosionsaroundtheworldinmobilephoneusemakesomehealthprofessionalworried.Somedoctorsareconcernedthatinthefuturemanypeoplemaysufferhealthproblemsfromtheuseofmobilephones.InEngland,therehasbeenaseriousdebateaboutthisissue.Mobilephonecompaniesareworriedaboutthenegativepublicityofsuchideas.Theysaythatthereisnoproofthatmobilephonesarebadforyourhealth.

　　Ontheotherhand,whydosomemedicalstudiesshowchangesinthebraincellsofsomepeoplewhousemobilephones?

Signsofchangeintheissuesofthebrainandheadcanbedetectedwithmodernscanning（扫描）equipment.In