汉英沉积学常用词汇.doc

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汉英沉积学常用词汇.doc

附录汉英沉积学常用词汇(按汉语拼音顺序)

   A

   岸礁coastal(shore)reef

   凹岸outerbank

   凹陷depression/sag

   拗拉谷/裂陷槽aulacogen

   B

   白垩chalk

   白云母muscovite

   白云石dolomite

   白云岩dolostone/dolomitite/dolomite

   白云岩化作用dolomitization

   斑点构造mottledstructure

   斑礁patchreef

   斑脱岩bentonite

   搬运作用transportation

   板状交错层理tabularcrossbedding

   半深海hemipelagic

   半深海相bathyalfacies

   包卷层理convolutelamination

   堡礁(障壁礁)barrierreef

   抱球虫软泥globigerinaooze

   鲍马序列Boumasequence

   暴露构造exposedstructure

   被动大陆边缘passivecontinentalmargin

   边滩(点沙坝)pointbar

   辫状河河道braidedchannel

   辫状河流braidedriver(stream)

   辫状河三角洲braiddelta

   标志层keybed

   标准偏差standarddeviation

   表面结构surfacetexture

   表皮鲕superficialoolith

   表生成岩作用epidiagenesis

   表生作用epigenesis

   滨海相littoralfacies

   滨面shoreface

   滨外offshore

   滨线shoreline

   冰雹痕(雹痕)hailstoneimprint/hailprint

   冰川glacier

   冰川相glacialfacies

   冰海沉积物glacier-marinesediment

   冰海环境glaciomarineenvironment

   冰湖morainelake/icelake

   冰碛(沉积)物till

   冰碛相morainefacies

   冰碛岩tillite

   冰水沉积outwash

   波长wavelength

   波峰wavecrest

   波高waveheight

   波谷wavehollow

   波痕ripple/ripplemark

   波痕对称指数ripplesymmetricalindex(RSI)

   波痕指数rippleindex(RI)

   波状层理wavebedding/wavybedding

   剥离线理partinglineation

   不等粒inequigranular

   不对称波痕asymmetricalripple

   不对称浪成波痕asymmetricalwaveripple

   不整合unconformity

   C

   残积相eluvialfacies

   槽痕flute

   槽模flutecasts

   槽状交错层理troughcrossbedding

   侧向沉积作用lateralsedimentation

   测井沉积学well-loggingsedimentology

   测井相electrofacies

   层bed

   层理构造beddingstructures

   层流laminarflow

   层面构造beddingplanestructures

   层系(单层)bed/set

   层系组(层组)bedset/coset/formset

   层序地层学sequencestratigraphy

   长石feldspar

   长石砂屑岩arkosicarenite

   长石砂岩arkose/feldsparsandstone

   长石杂砂岩feldspathicgreywacke

   长石质岩屑砂岩feldspathiclitharenite

   潮道tidalchannel

   潮间带intertidalzone

   潮控三角洲tidal-dominatedelta

   潮坪tidalflat

   潮坪相tidalflatfacies

   潮上带supratidalzone

   潮上带supratidalzone/epilittoralzone

   潮汐层理tidalbedding

   潮汐三角洲tidaldelta

   潮下带subtidalzone

   沉积地质学sedimentarygeology

   沉积动力学sedimentarydynamics

   沉积分异作用sedimentarydifferentiation

   沉积构造sedimentarystructure

   沉积后作用postdeposition

   沉积环境sedimentaryenvironment

   沉积模式sedimentarymodel

   沉积盆地sedimentarybasin

   沉积体系sedimentarysystem

   沉积体系域sedimentarysystemtract

   沉积物sediment

   沉积物重力流sedimentgravityflow

   沉积相sedimentaryfacies

   沉积旋回sedimentarycycle

   沉积学sedimentology

   沉积岩sedimentaryrocks

   沉积岩石学sedimentarypetrology

   沉积作用sedimentation/deposition

   成分成熟度compositionalmaturity

   成岩作用diagenesis

   赤铁矿hematite

   冲积平原alluvialplain

   冲积扇alluvialfan

   冲积相alluvialfacies

   冲裂(急浪冲刷)avulsion

   冲流swash

   冲刷充填构造scourandfillstructure

   冲刷痕scourmark

   冲刷回流带zoneofswashandbackwash

   冲洗交错层理swashcrossbedding

   冲溢(越)扇washoverfan

   储层reservoir

   床沙bed

   床沙形体bedform

   床沙载荷bedload

   垂向加积作用verticalaccretion

   戳痕prodmark

   次级水道secondarychannel

   次生沉积构造secondarysedimentarystructure

   次生加大(增生)overgrowth

   次生孔隙secondaryporosity

   粗砾cobble

   D

   大潮springtide

   大陆边缘continentalmargin

   大陆环境continentalenvironment

   大陆架(棚)continentalshelf

   大陆裂谷continentalrift

   大陆隆continentalrise

   大陆斜坡(陆坡)continentalslope

   大型交错层理largesalecrossbedding

   大洋盆地oceanbasin

   单层bed

   单成分砾岩oligomicticconglomerate

   弹跳痕bouncemark

   淡水湖泊fresh-waterlake

   岛(弧)—海(沟)体系arc-trenchsystem

   岛弧islandarc

   等深积岩contourite

   等深流contourcurrent

   低流态lowerregime

   低镁方解石low-magnesiancalcite

   低密度浊流low-densityturbidity

   低弯度河道low-sinuositychannel

   低位体系域low-standsystemstract

   堤岸bank

   堤礁bankreef

   底负载河道bedloadchannel

   底痕solemark

   底积层bottomset

   底流bottomcurrent

   底面构造solestructure

   底模solecast

   底栖生物benthos

   地层strata

   地质记录geologicalrecord

   递变(粒序)层理gradedbedding

   典型浊积岩classicturbidite

   点礁patchreef

   点沙坝(边滩)pointbar

   电测井electriclog

   叠层石stromatolite

   叠层石构造stromatoliticstructure

   叠瓦状构造imbricatedstructure

   叠瓦状排列imbricatearrangement

   叠锥构造cone-in-conestructure

   碟状构造dishstructure

   顶积层topsets

   定向(指向)构造directionstructure/orientedstructure

   豆粒pisolite

   对称波痕symmetricalripple

   多向水流polymodalcurrent

   对称浪成波痕(对称波浪波痕)symmetricalwaveripple

   E

   大潮spri鲕粒oolite

   F

   反向粒序(递变)层理reversegradedbedding

   泛滥盆地floodbasin

   泛滥平原floodplain

   方解石calcite

   非补偿(饥饿)沉积starveddeposition

   非牛顿流体non-Newtonianfluid

   分流河道distributarychannel

   分流河口沙坝distributary-mouthbar

   分流间湾interdistributary

   分选系数sortingcoefficient

   分选作用sorting

   粉砂silt

   粉砂岩siltite,siltstone

   风暴沉积stormdeposit(tempestite)

   风暴大潮stormsurge

   风暴岩tempestite

   风成eolian

   风成波痕windripple(aeolianripple)

   风成交错层理winddunecrossbedding

   风成沙丘winddune(aeoliandune)

   风成岩eolianite

   风化作用weathering

   风生海流wind-driftcurrent

   风蚀deflation

   峰度kurtosis

   缝合线stylolites

   弗劳德数Froude'sNumber

   浮游生物plankton

   俯冲带subductedzone

   腐泥sapropel

   负载(负荷)构造loadstructure

   负载囊loadpocket

   复成分砾岩polymicticconglomerate

   复合层理compositebedding

   复理石flysch

   G

   改造波痕modifiedripple

   钙结层caliche

   钙质结核calcareousnodules

   干酪根kerogen

   干裂(泥裂)mudcracks

   干涉波痕interferingripple

   干盐湖playa

   高潮线high-tideline

   高岭石kaolinite

   高流态upperregime

   高密度流high-densitycurrent

   高弯度河道high-sinuositychannel

   高位体系域high-standsystemstract

   工具痕toolmark

   沟槽充填交错层理channel-fillcrossbedding

   沟模groovecasts

   孤立波痕isolatedripple

   孤立台地isolatedplatform

   古地理图paleogeographicmap

   古地理学paleogeography

   古海洋学paleo-oceanography

   古流向标志paleocurrentindicator

   古流向分析paleocurrentanalysis

   古气候paleoclimate

   古气候学paleoclimatology

   古生态学paleoecology

   古生物学paleontology

   古水流paleocurrent

   古土壤paleosols

   骨(格)架岩framestone

   固着底栖生物sessilebenthos

   光合作用photosynthesis

   广盐度生物euryhalineorganism

   硅化作用silicification

   硅土/二氧化硅silica

   硅藻diatom

   硅质结核siliceousnodule

   硅质软泥siliceousooze

   硅质碎屑siliciclastic

   硅质岩siliceousrock

   过渡环境transitionalenvironment

   H

   海(湖)泛面floodingsurface

   海(湖)滩beach

   海岸coast

   海岸带coastalzone

   海岸环境coastalenvironment

   海岸平原coastalplain

   海岸沙丘coastaldune

   海岸线coast-line

   海底扇submarinefan

   海底峡谷submarinecanyon

   海沟trench

   海进(侵)体系域transgressivesystemstract

   海浪seawave

   海绿石glauconite

   海平面sealevel

   海平面变化sea-levelchanges

   海平面升降eustasy

   海侵marine(sea)transgression

   海侵层序transgressivesequence

   海滩beach/seabank/marinebeach

   海滩脊ridgeofabeach

   海退marine(sea)regression

   海相marinefacies

   海相三角洲marinedelta

   海洋ocean

   海洋环境marineenvironment

   海洋学oceanography

   旱谷arroyo/wadi

   河床(道)channel/streamchannel

   河床riverbed/streambed

   河床滞留沉积channel-logdeposit/channelfloorlag

   河道充填沉积channel-filldeposit

   河谷rivervalley

   河控三角洲fluvial-dominateddelta

   河口湾channel-mouthbar/distributarymouthbar

   河口湾estuary

   河口湾相estuarinefacies

   河流river/stream

   河流沉积fluvialdeposit

   河流相fluvialfacies

   河漫overbank

   河漫滩alluvialflat/concavefloodplain

   褐铁矿limonite

   黑色页岩blackshale

   河漫沼泽backsawmp

   核形石oncolite

   黑云母biotite

   洪积相pluvialfacies

   洪水flood

   后滨backshore

   后成(生)作用katagenesis/anadiage-nesis

   后生结核catageneticnodule

   弧背盆地retroarcbasin

   弧后盆地backarcbasin

   弧间盆地interarcbasin

   弧内盆地intra-arcbasin

   弧前盆地forearcbasin

   湖泊lake

   湖泊环境lacustrineenvironment

   湖泊三角洲lakedelta

   湖泊相lacustrinefacies

   湖面波动seiche

   湖沼学limnology

   滑(动)痕slidemark

   滑塌构造slumpstructure

   滑塌岩slumps

   化学搬运chemicaltransport

   化学沉积chemicaldeposit

   化学成因构造chemicalstructure

   化学风化chemicalweathering

   缓坡台地rampplatform

   黄铁矿pyrite

   黄土loess

   灰泥(泥晶,微晶)micrite

   灰泥岩mudstone

   灰质白云岩calcareousdolostone

   回流backflow/backwash

   汇聚型板块边界convergentplateboundary

   混杂沉积岩diamicton

   混杂堆积物melange

   混载河流mixed-loadchannel

   活动大陆边缘activecontinentalmargin

   火山弹bomb

   火山灰ash

   火山灰流ashflow

   火山角砾岩volcanicbreccia

   火山碎屑岩pyroclastic(volcanoclastic)rock

   火焰状构造flamestructure

   J

   机械搬运mechanicaltransportation

   机械沉积mechanicaldeposition

   机械风化mechanicalweathering

   鸡笼状构造chickenwirestructure

   吉尔伯特型三角洲Gilbert-typedelta

   急流rapidflow

   集合粒aggregate

   集块岩agglomerate

   季候泥oarve

   季节河seasonalriver

   加积accretion/aggradation

   假结核pseudonodule

   假晶crystalpseudomoph

   假亮晶pseudospar

   尖峰度的jeptokurtic

   剪切shearing

   简单层理simplebedding

   建设性三角洲constructivedelta

   交错层理crossbedding/crossstratifica-tion

   交错微层构造crossed-lamellarstructure

   交错纹层crosslamina

   胶结物cement

   胶结作用cementation

   胶磷矿collophane

   胶体溶液colloidsolution

   礁reef

   礁核reefcore

   礁后backreef

   礁麓堆积reeftalus

   礁前相forereeffacies

   礁后相backreeffacies

   礁前reeffront

   礁相reeffacies

   礁翼reefflank

   角度不整合angularunconformity

   角砾岩breccias

   结核concretion/nodule

   结晶构造crystallizationstructure

   结晶碳酸盐岩crystallinecarbonaterock

   介壳滩shellybank

   界面boundingsurfaces

   近(临)滨nearshore

   近岸流nearshorecurrent

   近滨带nearshore

   进(前)积作用progradation

   进潮口tidalinlet

   进食构造feedingstructures

   晶面crystalface

   晶体crystal

   晶体印痕crystalimprint

   净砂岩arenite

   静态模式staticmodel

   居住构造dwellingstructure

   局限台地restrictedplatform

   巨砾boulder

   决口扇flood-plainsplay(crevasse/crevassesplay)

   均匀层理(块状层理)homogeneousbedding(massivebedding)

   均匀悬浮uniformsuspension

   K

   开阔海opensea

   开阔台地openplatform

   颗粒grain/particle

   颗粒流grainflow

   颗粒岩grainstone

   颗粒支撑的

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