高考英语难点37讲难点26 斤斤计较的数字计算题Word文档格式.docx

高考英语难点37讲难点26 斤斤计较的数字计算题Word文档格式.docx

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A.One.B.Two.C.Four.D.Six.BHaveyouevernoticed,whenlookingatamapoftheworld,thattheeastcoastofSouthAmericaandthewestcoastofAfricalookasthoughtheymightfittogether?

Ifyouhave,youarenotalone,In1965theEnglishscientistSirEdwardBullardusedacomputertotestthefitofthetwocontinentsandfoundthatatanoceandepthof2000metresthematchwasverycloseindeed.Itseemstooremarkabletobepossible,butthereisalotofevidence（证据）tosuggestthatAfricawasoncejoinedtoSouthAmerica.Forexample,thereisabeltofancientrocksalongtheeastcoastofBrazilwhichissimilartotherocksacrosstheSouthAtlanticinWestAfrica.Thereisfurtherevidencethatexistinglandmasseswereoncelinked.Theremainsofa400-to-500-million-year-oldmountainchainhasbeenfoundrunningdowntheeasternpartofGreenland,westernScandinavia,andthroughnorth-westScotlandandIreland,intowesternCanada,eventuallyfindingtheirwaytonorth-westAfrica.Thenthereistheevidencefromlifeitself.Invariouspartsoftheworldtodaythesameanimalsandplantscanbefoundonlandmassesseparatedby,insomecases,thousandsofmilesofoceans.Didtheydevelopatthesametimeintwodifferentplaces?

Itseemsunlikely.Biologistsbelievethattheremusthavebeenlandbridgeswhichhavenowsunkbeneaththesea.Alsofossils（化石）foundinsedimentaryrocks（fossilsarethepreservedremainsoflifeforms）haveallowedgeologiststotracethesameplantsfromSouthAmerica,andAntarctica（北极）inrocksperhaps300millionyearsold.Theicethatisnowconfinedto（限制）thepolarregions（北极或南极地区）hasnotalwaysbeensolimitedinextent.Indeed,duringaperiodoftheEarth’shistoryknownasthepermocarboniferousage（二叠石炭纪）about250~350millionyearsagothereisevidencefromtherocksthattherewereglacierscoveringSouthAmerica,partsofAfrica,India,Australia,aswellasAntarctica.Ontheotherhand,inthenorthernhemisphere（北半球）,thereweredeserts.Ifthecontinentsspareadoutastheyaretoday,itishardtounderstandhowthiscouldbe.Sothereisconsiderableevidencetoshowwholecontinentsmovedapart,andnaturallymanypeoplehavetriedtodiscoverhowandwhywholelandmassesmoved.3.（）Howmanyproofsdoestheauthorgiveinthepassage?

A.3.B.6.C.4.D.7.CTheoutburstofjoyatthesuccessofChina’snationalfootballteaminreachingtheWorldCupfinalseasilymatchedthescenesofcelebrationwhichattendedBeijing’sOlympicbidwin.It’slittlesurprise:

footballfanshadwaited44yearsforthatmoment―threetimeslongerthantheseeminglyendlessWorldTradeOrganizationnegotiations（谈判）！

The53-year-oldSerbcoach（教练）BoraMilutinovicisregardednowasnothinglessthanasaviourbyfootballfansusedtoyearsofbrokendreamsandbittersetbacks.BestknowntofansasMilu,hehasbeenbelievedbymanywithplayingamajorroleinhelpingtheChineseteamwinitsticketstothe2002WorldCupbeingco-hostedbySouthKoreaandJapan.HavingalreadyguidedMexico,CostaRica,NigeriaandtheUnitedStatestotheWorldCupfinals,BoraMilutinovicmanagedtocontinuehiswinningstreakinChina.HemadeitclearhoweverlastFridayinShenyangWuliheStadiumthathepreferrednottobeseenasamiracleworker.BeforeguidingtheChineseteamtothefinals,Miluwasoneofonlytwocoachesintheworldtotakefournationalsidestothefinalstages.TheotheroneisCarlosAlbertoParreir.Miluhoweveristheonlymantotakeallforteamstothesecondroundofthefinals.Andnowhewasgoneonbettertakingthefifthteamtothefinals.4.（）ThenegotiationofChina’senteringtheWTOhaslastedabout________years.A.44.B.15.C.22.D.10●案例探究1.JULYMON.TUES.WED.THURS.FRI.SAT.SUN.

Ms.RossiownstheRoadsideMotel（汽车游客旅馆），whichhas50units.Shewishestokeepahandyrecordofthenumberofunitsoccupied（住房，占有）.Todothissheusesacalendarandwritesthenumberofunitsoccupiedinasmallboxintheupperright-handcomerofeachdate.ThefollowingquestionsarebasedontheoccupancyrateforJuly.1.ThetotalnumberofunitsoccupiedduringtheweekofJuly14throughJuly20was______.A.240B.239C.244D.2342.TheaverageoccupancyrateforThursdaywas________.A.27B.31C.29D.283.Ms.Rossiregardsa90%occupancyrateasexcellent.OnhowmanydaysduringthemonthdidtheRoadsideMotelhavea90%orbetterrateofoccupancy?

A.5.B.4.C.6.D.1.命题意图:

考查学生的观察能力、综合运用多条信息进行数据处理的能力。

属五星级题目。

错解分析：

（1）读图不仔细；

（2）对文章和题干中的关键词汇把握不准确。

解题方法与技巧：

（1）仔细阅读本文的文字说明部分，准确把握图表内容；

（2）仔细分析题干，抓牢关键词。

（3）根据“Sheusesacalendarandwritesthenumberofunitsoccupiedinasmallboxintheupperright-handcornerofeachdate”，可知第1题做法为：

将7月14日~20日之间的数量相加；

第2题做法是：

将星期四的总数相加再取平均；

根据“Whichhas50units”，和题干的第一句话，可知第3题的做法为：

50×

90%=45,从表中选取大于或等于45的数目，可推出答案。

答案：

1.D2.A3.B2.“Let’sgodownonemore,pushyourenterkey…”saysavolunteerhelpingseniorcitizensworkawebsessionontheInternet.DavidLansdalehasfoundawaytolightupthelivesoftheelderly.HegetsthemwiredtotheInternet.“Ifyouhityourenterkey,itwillbringupthisparticulare-mail…”PaulineAllenisoneofthosewhohasstartedusingtheInternet.“IthoughtIwasthroughwithlife,Iwasreadyforarockingchair,becauseIwas86yearsold.AndIhaven’tfoundtherockingchairyet.”“Youfoundthekeyboard?

”asksthereporter.“That’sright,Ifoundthekeyboard.”TheaverageageofLansdale’sstudentsisaround68.Allareinnursingorassistedcarehomes.HeusedfamilyrelationshipstointroducethemtotheWorldWideWeb.DavidLansdalesays,“HeretheyareinCalifornia,thefamilywasbackinNewYork,theopportunitytoconnect,tocrossthetimeandspace,wasincrediblypreciousopportunitytothem.”“Ihearyouaresobeautiful.”LillianSherwritesane-mailtoanewborngreatgranddaughter.Workingwithoneanother,theseniorlearnasagroup.TheylearntomastertheInternetandtoovercomewhatLansdalecallsthemaladiesoftheinstitutionalized:

loneliness,helplessness,boredom,andlossofmemory.MaryHarveysays,“Bingojustdoesn’tinterestme.Butthisdoes,believeme,thisdoes.”Ninety-fouryearoldRuthHymanisastarpupilandinstructor.Shesays,“WhenIsendalettertomygrandchildren,andgreatgrandchildren,theyhangitupintheiroffices,justlikeIusedtohangtheirdrawingsonmyrefrigerator.Ha,ha.”DavidLansdalesays,“There’sacollectivebenefit.Thereisanelementoftreatment.Rememberwestartedasasupportgroup.”DixonMoorehousesays,“IjustwishIwas15yearsoldandgettingtolearnallthis.”TheseniorcalltheirweeklymeetingsMondayNightLive.Andmanysaythemeetingshavegiventhemnewlife.RuthHymansays,“Threeyearsago,theytoldmeIwasn’tgoingtolive.ButIshowedthem,andgotwork,andI’veworkedeversince.”4.HowmanyexamplesdoesthewritergivetoprovethattheseniorenjoytheInternet?

A.Four.B.Five.C.Six.D.Seven.命题意图：

考查学生阅读理解和推理判断的能力。

属四星级题目。

此题错答C项的学生很多。

错误原因主要在于太过粗心而造成的重复计数。

（1）通读全文，理解文章大意，弄清文中众多的人物及其语言。

（2）文章主要讲述老年人学习上网的情况，其中DavidLansdale是这一活动的举办者，不应算在本题所要求的数目之内，末段的RuthHyman前文已经出现，不应重复计数，故文章中所列实例分别是：

PaulineAllen、LillianSher、MaryHarvey、RuthHyman和DixonMoorehouse共五人。

B●锦囊妙计1.上下文统筹又兼顾，阅读仔细又周到。

2.题干研读需细心，关键词汇要抓牢。

3.图表不放过，文字更重要。

4.切忌重复计数或丢三落四。

●歼灭难点训练AChinarecordedfewertrafficaccidentsin2001thanin2000andalowergoingcontinuedinJanuarythisyear.Thetrafficaccidentsin2001totaled270000fewerby20000thanin2000.Butthenumberofthedeadfor2001was54000,anincreaseof1000fromtheyearbefore.Theincreasewasnotasslowasthatinrecentyears.AgovernmentofficialsaidinBeijingyesterdaythat3821personswerekilledinhighwaytrafficaccidentslastmonth,adropof12.8percentfromJanuary2001.Healsosaidtherewere21201trafficaccidentsinthefirstmonthoftheyear,10.1percentfewerthanJanuarylastyear,and11700peopleinjured.Thetrafficaccidentslastyearcausedalossworth27.32millionyuan,about2.9millionUSdollars.EconomicDailyalsosaid170000personswereinjuredinthetrafficaccidentsin2001,fewerby10000thanin2000.（FromChinaDaily,February16,2002）1.（）In2000thetotalnumberofthetrafficaccidentswas________.A.20000B.250000C.290000D.310000