考研英语真题解析.docx

考研英语真题解析.docx

《考研英语真题解析.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《考研英语真题解析.docx（13页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

考研英语真题解析

考研英语真题解析

　　考研英语真题

　　SectionIUseofEnglish

　　Directions：

　　Readthefollowingtext。

Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA，B，CorDontheANSWERSHEET。

（10points）

　　Peoplehavespeculatedforcenturiesaboutafuturewithoutwork。

Todayisnodifferent，withacademics，writers，andactivistsonceagain1thattechnologybereplacinghumanworkers。

Someimaginethatthecomingwork-freeworldwillbedefinedby2。

Afewwealthypeoplewillownallthecapital，andthemasseswillstruggleinanimpoverishedwasteland。

　　Adifferentandnotmutuallyexclusive3holdsthatthefuturewillbeawastelandofadifferentsort，one4bypurposelessness：

Withoutjobstogivetheirlives5，peoplewillsimplybecomelazyanddepressed。

6，today’sunemployeddon’tseemtobehavingagreattime。

OneGalluppollfoundthat20percentofAmericanswhohavebeenunemployedforatleastayearreporthavingdepression，doubletheratefor7Americans。

Also，someresearchsuggeststhatthe8forrisingratesofmortality，mental-healthproblems，andaddicting9poorly-educatedmiddle-agedpeopleisshortageofwell-paidjobs。

Perhapsthisiswhymany10theagonizingdullnessofajoblessfuture。

　　Butitdoesn’t11followfromfindingslikethesethataworldwithoutworkwouldbefilledwithunease。

Suchvisionsarebasedonthe12ofbeingunemployedinasocietybuiltontheconceptofemployment。

Inthe13ofwork，asocietydesignedwithotherendsinmindcould14strikinglydifferentcircumstancedforthefutureoflaborandleisure。

Today，the15ofworkmaybeabitoverblown。

“Manyjobsareboring，degrading，unhealthy，andawasteofhumanpotential，”saysJohnDanaher，alecturerattheNationalUniversityofIrelandinGalway。

　　Thesedays，becauseleisuretimeisrelatively16formostworkers，peopleusetheirfreetimetocounterbalancetheintellectualandemotional17oftheirjobs。

“WhenIcomehomefromahardday’swork，Ioftenfeel18，”Danahersays，adding，“InaworldinwhichIdon’thavetowork，Imightfeelratherdifferent”—perhapsdifferentenoughtothrowhimself19ahobbyorapassionprojectwiththeintensityusuallyreservedfor20matters。

　　1。

[A]boasting[B]denying[C]warning[D]ensuring

　　2。

[A]inequality[B]instability[C]unreliability[D]uncertainty

　　3。

[A]policy[B]guideline[C]resolution[D]prediction

　　4。

[A]characterized[B]divided[C]balanced[D]measured

　　5。

[A]wisdom[B]meaning[C]glory[D]freedom

　　6。

[A]Instead[B]Indeed[C]Thus[D]Nevertheless

　　7。

[A]rich[B]urban[C]working[D]educated

　　8。

[A]explanation[B]requirement[C]compensation[D]substitute

　　9。

[A]under[B]beyond[C]alongside[D]among

　　10。

[A]leavebehind[B]makeup[C]worryabout[D]setaside

　　11。

[A]statistically[B]occasionally[C]necessarily[D]economically

　　12。

[A]chances[B]downsides[C]benefits[D]principles

　　13。

[A]absence[B]height[C]face[D]course

　　14。

[A]disturb[B]restore[C]exclude[D]yield

　　15。

[A]model[B]practice[C]virtue[D]hardship

　　16。

[A]tricky[B]lengthy[C]mysterious[D]scarce

　　17。

[A]demands[B]standards[C]qualities[D]threats

　　18。

[A]ignored[B]tired[C]confused[D]starved

　　19。

[A]off[B]against[C]behind[D]into

　　20。

[A]technological[B]professional[C]educational[D]interpersonal

　　SectionIIReadingComprehension

　　Text2

　　Withsomuchfocusonchildren’suseofscreens，it’seasyforparentstoforgetabouttheirownscreenuse。

“Techisdesignedtoreallysuckonyouin，”saysJennyRadeskyinherstudyofdigitalplay，“anddigitalproductsaretheretopromotemaximalengagement。

Itmakesithardtodisengage，andleadstoalotofbleed-overintothefamilyroutine。

”

　　Radeskyhasstudiedtheuseofmobilephonesandtabletsatmealtimesbygivingmother-childpairsafood-testingexercise。

Shefoundthatmotherswhosueddevicesduringtheexercisestarted20percentfewerverbaland39percentfewernonverbalinteractionswiththeirchildren。

Duringaseparateobservation，shesawthatphonesbecameasourceoftensioninthefamily。

Parentswouldbelookingattheiremailswhilethechildrenwouldbemakingexcitedbidsfortheirattention。

　　Infantsarewiredtolookatparents’facestotrytounderstandtheirworld，andifthosefacesareblankandunresponsive—astheyoftenarewhenabsorbedinadevice—itcanbeextremelydisconcertingfoethechildren。

Radeskycitesthe“stillfaceexperiment”devisedbydevelopmentalpsychologistEdTronickinthe1970s。

Init，amotherisaskedtointeractwithherchildinanormalwaybeforeputtingonablankexpressionandnotgivingthemanyvisualsocialfeedback;Thechildbecomesincreasinglydistressedasshetriestocapturehermother’sattention。

“Parentsdon’thavetobeexquisitelyparentsatalltimes，butthereneedstobeabalanceandparentsneedtoberesponsiveandsensitivetoachild’sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed，”saysRadesky。

　　Ontheotherhand，Tronickhimselfisconcernedthattheworriesaboutkids’useofscreensarebornoutofan“oppressiveideologythatdemandsthatparentsshouldalwaysbeinteracting”withtheirchildren：

“It’sbasedonasomewhatfantasized，verywhite，veryupper-middle-classideologythatsaysifyou’refailingtoexposeyourchildto30，000wordsyouareneglectingthem。

”Tronickbelievesthatjustbecauseachildisn’tlearningfromthescreendoesn’tmeanthere’snovaluetoit—particularlyifitgivesparentstimetohaveashower，dohouseworkorsimplyhaveabreakfromtheirchild。

Parents，hesays，cangetalotoutofusingtheirdevicestospeaktoafriendorgetsomeworkoutoftheway。

Thiscanmakethemfeelhappier，whichletsthenbemoreavailabletotheirchildtherestofthetime。

　　AccordingtoJennyRadesky，digitalproductsaredesignedto______。

　　[A]simplifyroutinematters

　　[B]absorbuserattention

　　[C]betterinterpersonalrelations

　　[D]increaseworkefficiency

　　Radesky’sfood-testingexerciseshowsthatmothers’useofdevices______。

　　[A]takesawaybabies’appetite

　　[B]distractschildren’sattention

　　[C]slowsdownbabies’verbaldevelopment

　　[D]reducesmother-childcommunication

　　Radesky’scitesthe“stillfaceexperiment”toshowthat_______。

　　[A]itiseasyforchildrentogetusedtoblankexpressions

　　[B]verbalexpressionsareunnecessaryforemotionalexchange

　　[C]childrenareinsensitivetochangesintheirparents’mood

　　[D]parentsneedtorespondtochildren’semotionalneeds

　　TheoppressiveideologymentionedbyTronickrequiresparentsto_______。

　　[A]protectkidsfromexposuretowildfantasies

　　[B]teachtheirkidsatleast30，000wordsayear

　　[C]ensureconstantinteractionwiththeirchildren

　　[D]remainconcernedaboutkid’suseofscreens

　　AccordingtoTronick，kid’suseofscreensmay_______。

　　[A]givetheirparentssomefreetime

　　[B]maketheirparentsmorecreative

　　[C]helpthemwiththeirhomework

　　[D]helpthembecomemoreattentive

　　Text3

　　Today，widespreadsocialpressuretoimmediatelygotocollegeinconjunctionwithincreasinglyhighexpectationsinafast-movingworldoftencausesstudentstocompletelyoverlookthepossibilityoftakingagapyear。

Afterall，ifeveryoneyouknowisgoingtocollegeinthefall，itseemssillytostaybackayear，doesn’tit?

Andaftergoingtoschoolfor12years，itdoesn’tfeelnaturaltospendayeardoingsomethingthatisn’tacademic。

　　Butwhilethismaybetrue，it’snotagoodenoughreasontocondemngapyears。

There’salwaysaconstantfearoffallingbehindeveryoneelseonthesociallyperpetuated“racetothefinishline，”whetherthatbetowardgraduateschool，medicalschoolorlucrativecareer。

Butdespitecommonmisconceptions，agapyeardoesnothinderthesuccessofacademicpursuits—infact，itprobablyenhancesit。

　　StudiesfromtheUnitedStatesandAustraliashowthatstudentswhotakeagapyeararegenerallybetterpreparedforandperformbetterincollegethanthosewhodonot。

Ratherthanpullingstudentsback，agapyearpushesthemaheadbypreparingthemforindependence，newresponsibilitiesandenvironmentalchanges—allthingsthatfirst-yearstudentsoftenstrugglewiththemost。

Gapyearexperiencescanlessentheblowwhenitcomestoadjustingtocollegeandbeingthrownintoabrandnewenvironment，makingiteasiertofocusonacademicsandactivitiesratherthanacclimationblunders。

　　Ifyou’renotconvincedoftheinherentvalueintakingayearofftoexploreinterests，thenconsideritsfinancialimpactonfutureacademicchoices。

AccordingtotheNationalCenterforEducationStatistics，nearly80percentofcollegestudentsendupchangingtheirmajorsatleastonce。

Thisisn’tsurprising，consideringthebasicmandatoryhighschoolcurriculumleavesstudentswithapoorunderstandingofthemselveslistingonemajorontheircollegeapplications，butswitchingtoanotheraftertakingcollegeclasses。

It’snotnecessarilyabadthing，butdependingontheschool，itcanbecostlytomakeupcreditsafterswitchingtoolateinthegame。

AtBostonCollege，forexample，youwouldhavetocompleteanextrayearwereyoutoswitchtothenursingschoolfromanotherdepartment。

Takingagapyeartofigurethingsoutinitiallycanhelppreventstressandsavemoneylateron。

　　Oneofthereasonsforhigh-schoolgraduatesnottakingagapyearisthat。

　　[A]theythinkitacademicallymisleading

　　[B]theyhavealotoffuntoexpectincollege

　　[C]itfeelsstrangetododifferentlyfromothers

　　[D]itseemsworthlesstotakeoff-campuscourses

　　StudiesfromtheUSandAustraliaimplythattakingagapyearhelps。

　　[A]keepstudentsfrombeingunrealistic

　　[B]lowerrisksinchoosingcaree