汉语新词新译系列G.docx

汉语新词新译系列G.docx

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汉语新词新译系列G

汉语新词新译系列-G

跟单货（gendanhuo）

knockoffproducts

Thetermreferstocommodities,especiallyinthefashionbusiness,thatcopyauthenticproductsbutusesubstandardmaterial.

过渡引用（guoduyinyong）

overquote

Thistermisoftenusedbysomeacademiciansasaeuphemismforplagiarizingotherpeople'sacademicworks.It'snowalsocitedbysomeNetizenstosatirizesuchreprehensiblebehavior.

鬼马（guima）

witty

Theexpressionisoftenusedthesedaystodescribeapersonwhoissharp-mindedandhumorous,andpronetotakingweirdactionsorsayingunexpectedwords.

购房落户（goufangluohu）

house-for-residencypolicy

ManygovernmentsinmajorcitiesinChina,suchasHangzhouandChengdu,haverolledoutnewpoliciestoencouragemigrantpeopletopurchasehousessothattheycangetalocalhukouorlocalresidencypaper.Thepolicyisdesignedtoboostthelocalrealestatemarket.

怪咖（guaika）

geek

Theslangreferstothoseintellectualsobsessedwithmindgames,suchassudokuandcrosswords.Althoughbeingdescribedasageektendstobeaninsult,thetermhasrecentlybecomeafondnickname,orevenabadgeofhonor.

谷歌依赖症（gǔgēyīlàizhèng）

discomgooglation

Thistermreferstothefeelingofdistressoranxietyatbeingunabletogainimmediateaccesstoinformation.It'saportmanteauofdiscombobulate,meaningtoconfuseorfrustrate,andGoogle.Accordingtoasurvey,about44percentofInternetusersintheUKsaidtheywerefrustratedatbeingunabletogoonlineand27percentsaidtheyexperiencedincreasedstresslevels.

个人所得税起征点（gerensuodeshuiqizhengdian）

thresholdofpersonaltaxableincome

China'stoplegislaturerecentlyissuedthenewthresholdfortaxableincome,1,600yuan（US$198）amonth,whichwillbeeffectivefromnextyear.Itdoublesthepreviousthresholdwhichwasunchangedformorethandecade.

灌水（guanshui）

flood-blogging

WhenguanshuiisusedinthecontextofInternet,itdoesnotmean"irrigation"asinitsnormaluse.SomeWebbloggersuploadtonsofnonsenseorneitherherenortheretrivialinordertoearnmoreonlinecreditsbutonlytobescornedbyblogviewersforwastingtheirtimeandtheserverspace.

跟帖（gentie）

follow-upcomment

Itreferstothecommentsorarticlesthatarepostedasafollow-uptowhatathreadstarterdidinachatroomoronBBS.

过劳死（guolaosi）

karoshi

ThisChinesetermisadirecttranslationof"deathfromoverwork."ThetermfirstappearedinJapaninthelate1980stodescribeanewphenomenonofhigh-rankingbusinessexecutivesdyingintheirprimeyearswithoutanyprevioussignsofillness.Nowthesamethingishappeningamongmiddle-agedChinesebusinessmenandprofessionals.

光棍儿节（guanggun'rjie）

Singles'Day

Everyyearat11:

11pmonNovember11,fun-seekingmalecollegestudentswillhaverowdypartiesbyscreamingouttheirdesiretofindagirlfriendandusewhateverisavailabletomakebignoises.Thetiming,consistingofeightArabicnumberof1,isdeliberatelyselectedtopersonifymanysinglepeople.CanyouenvisageaSingleWomen'sDay?

官府菜（guanfucai）

official'shomecuisine

MostcooksatresidencesofseniorofficialsinfeudalChinawereabletopreparespecialtydishes.Therecipespasseddownforgenerationshavehelpedestablishsomerestaurantsofferingsuchdishes,likeBeijing-basedtheTan'srestaurant.

古惑仔（guhuozai）

offbeatboys

Thephrasereferstoteenagerswhopursueanunconventionallifestyleandbehavior,includingweirdhairstylesandclothingandaccessories.Theyalsotendtodrinkalcohol,smokecigarettesandgetintostreetfights.Theyaccountforabout70percentofjuveniledelinquentsinbigcitiesacrossthecountry.

官瘾（guanyin）

lustforofficialpower

GuaninChinesemeans"officialdom."Yinmeans"lust."ThisChinesetermdescribesmanypeoplewholustofficialpower.

搞定（gaoding）

fixsomethingorsomeone

Togaodingsomeonehasalmostthesamemeaningas"fixing"someone.Itcouldmeanyouhavereachedadealwithsomeone,orevenhavesomeonedeep-sixed.Togaodingsomethingalsohassimilarmeaningsas"fixing"something.

骨灰级（guhuiji）

guru

Thosewell-acclaimedmastersinafieldarereferredtobytoday'syoungstersassomeoneataguhuilevel.However,cautionissuggestedwhenspeakinginthefaceofsuchamaster,ifheorsheiselderly,asheorshemaytakeoffenseattheChineseterm,whichmeansboneashes.

过劳模（guolaomo）

overworkedworkers,modelofmodels

Thosewhoworkfarmorethaneighthoursaday,eithervoluntarilyorotherwise,arecalleda"guolaomo,"oranoverworkedworker.Accordingly,theymaydraweitherjuiceofjoyorpoisonofpainfromthelongworkinghours.Thetermiscoinedafterthewordkaroshi.

高薪跳蚤（gaoxintiaozao）

high-salaryjobhopper

ThisChinesetermmeansliterallya"high-salaryflea."Sinceafleacan"hop"very"high"consideringitssmallbody,thetermisactuallyusedtodescribehighlypaidjobhoppers.

高考状元（gaokaozhaungyuan）

collegeentranceexamace

Thiswordmeansthetopscorersincollegeentranceexams.Suchcreamofthecropisusuallytakenawaybytopuniversitiesinthecountry.

挂羊头，卖狗肉（guayangtou,maigourou）

baitandswitch

ThepopularChinesetermtranslatesliterally"advertisingwithasheep'shead,butactuallysellingthedogmeat."Itisoftenusedtodescribethebait-and-switchtacticwhensomeonetriestosellinferiororsubstandardstuffinthenameofqualityproducts.

轧闹猛（ganaomeng）

followsuitenmasse

ThispopularphraseinShanghaidialectreflectsthefactthatmanylocalslovetofollowfashiontrends,ridethebandwagon,dowhatmostpeopledoandgowheremostgo.

轧山湖（gashanhu）

chatcasually

ThecolloquialexpressioninShanghaidialectmeanschewingtheragorshootingthebreeze.Indifferentlocalities,therearedifferenttermsforchattingidly,suchas"kandashan"inMandarininnorthernChinaand"bailongmenzhen"inSichuanProvinceinsouthwestChina.

戆大（gangda）

gander

ThiswordisatypicalexampleofChinglishexpressionsusedinShanghaidialect.ThelocalpronunciationofthewordisquitesimilartotheEnglishword"gander."Thetermisusedtoinsultsomeone'sintelligence.

膏方（gaofang）

tonicprescription

ThisChinesetermmeansatonicprescriptionthathastheprincipalaimofenhancingtheimmunesystemfunctions.Manypeople,particularlytheelderlyortheweakly,willseektonicprescriptionsinwinterasitisdeemedthebestseasontotaketonics.

搞脑子（gaonaozi）

brainteaser,brainbasher

ThisisaShanghaicolloquialterm,meaningsomethingwhichisdifficulttofigureoutoraproblemwhichtakesalotofbraintoresolve.

高压线（gaoyaxian）

topprohibitions

Thetermmeansliterallyahigh-voltageline.Butitisoftenusedtorefertorulesthatoneshouldneverbreakbecauseitwillprovetobeaslethalastouchingthehigh-tensionwire.

谷歌炸弹（gugezhadan）

Googlebombing

ThisChinesetranslationoftheEnglishtermmeanssettingupalargenumberofWebpageswithlinksthatpointtoaspecificWebsitesothatthesitewillappearnearthetopofaGooglesearchwhenusersenterthelinktext.

干货（ganhuo）

substance,realstuff

Thetermoriginallymeansdrycargoordriedfood,butitisoftenfigurativelytomeansubstantialstuffortheessenceofthings.Apersonhasganhuoifheorshehassolidthoughts.Abookhasganhuoifitisnotfullofwishy-washymumbojumbo.

果冻族（guodongzu）

jellyclan

ItreferstothoseyoungChineseborninthe1980swhoareseenassoftandfragileasjelly.Theyusuallyhavepleasantlooksbutaweakheartandboastlittleresistanceagainstpressure.

钢管舞（gangguanwu）

poledance

Itisanironythatsomefashion-consciouswhite-collarwomeninlargeChinesecitieslikeShanghaiandBeijinghavetakentopoledancingasaformofexerciseintheirspare-timewhileit'softenseenasapopularperformanceatstripclubsinWesterncountries.

公寓式仓库（gongyushicangku）

garagecondos

TheChinesephrasederivesfromaUSterminologyreferringtogarageslocatedatsitesthatlooklikeordinarystoragerentalfacilities,buttheycomewithunusualfeatures,suchasheatandairconditioningandclubhouses.Theyaresoldlikecondominiumapartments,wheretheownergetstitletooneunitinacomplexofgarages.Somebuyersusetheirunitstostorebigboats,fancycarsorcollectibles.

公费游（gongfeiyou）

junket

TheChinesecharacteristicofajunketisthatitalwaysgoesunderthenameofanofficialbusinessorassignment.Recently,someseniorgovernmentofficialsinAnhuiProvincewerediscoveredusingpublicfundsandfalsedocumentstoembarkonanoverseassightseeingtrip.

硅谷新贵（guiguxingui）

ITnouveauriche

Theinexpressionreferstoeitherthosehigh-endITtalentwhoridethewaveofspendingonfashionproductsandserviceslikespasorthosearenevertiredofundergoingsilicagel-basedplasticsurgeries.ThefirsttwowordsoftheChineseexpressionmeansSiliconValleywhilethelattermeansnouveauriche.

古惑仔（guhuozai）

youngeccentric,punk

ThisisaCantonesetermwidelyusedinGuangdongProvinceandHongKong.Itreferstoyoungeccentricswhowearstrangeclothesandactinamaverickwayorjuveniledelinquentswhofrequentlycommitminorcrimes.

骨感型（guganxing）

boneyclan

Thetermmeanstheboneytype.Youngwomenwhodesireaslimfigureoftenfollowtheexampleofboneyfashionmodelsstruttingthecatwalk.However,manypeopleseethistrendasunhealthyandunattractive.

干股（gangu）

giftstocks

The"drystocks,"astheChinesetermtranslatesliterally,refertothesharesacompanyofferstosomeoneasapresent.China'sSupremeCourthasjustdefinedthepracticeasillegalfo