Oracle11R2安装ASM+RAC配置步骤.docx
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Oracle11R2安装ASM+RAC配置步骤
Oracle11R2安装ASM+RAC配置步骤
Suse11SP1_Oracle11R2安装ASM+RAC配置步骤
1运行环境
1.1硬件环境
IBM3755AMDProcessr83802.5GHz*168G双网卡
IBMX366XeonCPU3.00GHz*88G双网卡
IBMFAS600阵列146.8*13双HBA卡
组网方式:
1.2软件环境
操作系统:
Suse11SP1x86_64内核:
2.6.32.12-0.7-default
数据库版本:
OracleDatabaseEnterpriseEdition11.2.0.1forLinuxx86_64
删除多余的软件包(如果不把它们删除,将严重干扰后续ORACLE的安装和配置)
#rpm-qaora*
orarun-1.9-21.15
#rpm-qasap*
sapinit-2.0.1-1.10
#rpm-eorarun-1.9-21.15
#rpm-esapinit-2.0.1-1.10
#rm–i/etc/oraInst.loc
对于Suselinux要求至少具备以下安装包,版本不低于以下各包:
binutils-2.17.50.0.6
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3(32位)
elfutils-libelf-0.125
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125
elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.125
gcc-4.1.2
gcc-c++-4.1.2
glibc-2.5-24
glibc-2.5-24(32位)
glibc-common-2.5
glibc-devel-2.5
glibc-devel-2.5(32位)
glibc-headers-2.5
libaio-0.3.106
libaio-0.3.106(32位)
libaio-devel-0.3.106
libaio-devel-0.3.106(32位)
libgcc-4.1.2
libgcc-4.1.2(32位)
libstdc++-4.1.2
libstdc++-4.1.2(32位)
libstdc++-devel4.1.2
make-3.81
sysstat-7.0.2
unixODBC-2.2.11
unixODBC-2.2.11(32位)
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11(32位)
以下三个包需要从官网下载,是必须安装的
oracleasm-2.6.16.60-0.21-bigsmp-2.0.4-1.SLE10.i586.rpm
oracleasm-support-2.1.3-1.SLE10.i386.rpm
oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.SLE10.i386.rpm
2安装前准备工作
2.1准备安装包:
oracle官网上有下载
linux.x64_11gR2_grid.zip
linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
2.2磁盘规划
磁盘的划分后,两节点都能看到,能正确读写。
在其中一节点上运行fdisk划分以下分区
/dev/sdb1200G存放数据
/dev/sdb2200G存放数据
/dev/sdd11G存放CRS
/dev/sdd21G存放CRS
/dev/sdd31G存放CRS
/dev/sdd550G存放recover
/dev/sdd650G存放flash
然后在另一节点上执行partprobe
检测分区是否创建成功:
在两节点上都要检查
ls/dev/sdh*
/dev/sdh/dev/sdh1/dev/sdh2/dev/sdh3
使用dd命令检测新分区是否能够读写
ddif=/dev/zeroof=/dev/sdb1bs=1Mcount=10
2.3配置网络
两节点eth0和eth0(eth1和eth1)要一一对应在同一网段下,一个主机名对一个IP,私网IP与公网IP要在不同网段下,VIP要与公网IP是同网段。
本次分配如下:
cat/etc/hosts(两节点)
127.0.0.1loopbacklocalhost#loopback(lo0)name/address
10.249.240.143s-zh-ora01#ETH0掩码255.255.255.128网关10.249.240.254
10.249.240.158s-zh-ora01-vip#掩码255.255.255.128网关10.249.240.254
10.249.240.71s-zh-ora01-priv#ETH1掩码255.255.255.192网关10.249.240.126
10.249.240.144s-zh-ora02#ETH0
10.249.240.159s-zh-ora02-vip
10.249.240.72s-zh-ora02-priv#ETH1,用于心跳
10.249.240.160rac-scan#用于clurswerescan
分配静态IP
vi/etc/sysconfig/network/ifcfg-ethX
BOOTPROTO='static'
BROADCAST=''
ETHTOOL_OPTIONS=''
IPADDR='10.249.240.143/25'
MTU=''
NAME='NetXtremeIIBCM5708GigabitEthernet'
NETWORK=''
REMOTE_IPADDR=''
STARTMODE='auto'
USERCONTROL='no'
PREFIXLEN='24'
注意重启网络后要在两边都验证一下,此时vip是ping不通的
pings-zh-ora01
pings-zh-ora01-priv
pings-zh-ora02
pings-zh-ora02-priv
2.4配置时间同步服务
安装Oracle11R2的RAC,只要关闭ntp服务即可。
chkconfigntpoff
servicentpstop
mv/etc/ntp.conf/etc/ntp.ora
Oracle11R2前的版本配置NTP服务参考如下:
服务器端配置
vi/etc/ntp.conf
server10.249.254.46
再重启NTP服务
servicentprestart
chkconfigntpdon
客户端配置
crontab-e
*/15****/usr/sbin/ntpdate-s10.249.254.46&&/sbin/hwclock-w
及chkconfigntpoff
servicentpstop
2.5配置SSH互信访问
安装Oracle11R2的RAC不需要配置SSH互信,但是要开启SSH服务,如果没有SSH,可选RSH/RLOGIN。
servicesshdstart
chkconfig–level345sshdon
Oracle11R2前的版本可参考如下:
在两节点上都进行如下操作
su–oracle
ssh-keygen-trsa
在~/.ssh/目录生成了文件id_rsa.pub
ssh-keygen-tdsa
在~/.ssh/生成了文件id_dsa.pub
catid_rsa.pub>>authorized_keys
最后将两个节点该文件authorized_keys的内容复制到对方的同文件里
在两节点都要测试验证以下命令,要求不输入密码则通过:
sshs-zh-ora01
sshs-zh-ora01-priv
sshs-zh-ora02
sshs-zh-ora02-priv
2.6修改内核参数与限制
2.6.1在/etc/sysctl.conf中添加,生效命令:
sysctl-p
net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts=1
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter=1
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=65536
net.ipv4.conf.default.promote_secondaries=1
net.ipv4.conf.all.promote_secondaries=1
vm.max_map_count=1000000
kernel.shmall=5242880
kernel.shmmax=21474836480
kernel.shmmni=4096
kernel.sem=12502560001008192
fs.file-max=6815744
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=900065500
net.core.rmem_default=4194304
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=1048576
fs.aio-max-nr=1048576
2.6.2ORACLE用户的最大进程数和打开文件数的限制
在/etc/security/limits.conf中添加:
gridsoftnproc2047
gridhardnproc16384
gridsoftnofile1024
gridhardnofile65536
oraclesoftnproc2047
oraclehardnproc16384
oraclesoftnofile1024
oraclehardnofile65536
2.6.3在/etc/pam.d/login中添加:
sessionrequiredpam_limits.so
2.6.4配置hangcheck-timer内核模块
echo"optionshangcheck-timerhangcheck_tick=30hangcheck_margin=180">>/etc/modprobe.conf
modprobehangcheck-timer
grepHangcheck/var/log/messages|tail-2
2.7配置图形化界面
方法有很多,常用有VNC,Xmanager,KVM等,在此不详叙。
2.8创建组和用户
2.8.1创建用户与组
groupadd-g1000oinstall
groupadd-g1001dba
groupadd-g505asmadmin
groupadd-g506asmdba
groupadd-g507asmoper
useradd-m-u1100-goinstall-Gasmadmin,asmdba,asmoper-d/home/grid-s/bin/bash-c"GridInfrastructureOwner"grid
最终两个结果创建的用户如下,两边的UID与GID保持一致
idoracle
uid=200(oracle)gid=1000(oinstall)groups=1001(dba),506(asmdba),1000(oinstall)
idgrid
uid=300(grid)gid=1000(oinstall)groups=1001(dba),504(asmadmin),505(asmoper),506(asmdba),1000(oinstall)
idnobody
uid=65534(nobody)gid=65533(nobody)groups=65534(nogroup),65533(nobody)
别忘记设置grid帐户的口令与oracle账户的口令
passwdgrid
passwdoracle
2.8.2修改环境变量
在两台服务器的的grid用户的.profile中,增加如下内容:
exportORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
exportORACLE_HOME=/oracle/grid
exportORACLE_SID=+ASM1
#exportORACLE_SID=+ASM2另一节点
exportORA_CRS_HOME=/oracle/crs
exportNLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8
exportNLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-ddhh24:
mi:
ss"
exportPATH=.:
${PATH}:
$HOME/bin:
$ORACLE_HOME/bin
exportPATH=${PATH}:
/usr/bin:
/bin:
/usr/bin/X11:
/usr/local/bin
exportORACLE_PATH=${PATH}:
$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
exportORACLE_TERM=xterm
exportTNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
exportORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data
exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:
$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:
/lib:
/usr/lib:
/usr/local/lib
exportCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
exportCLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:
$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
exportCLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:
$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
exportCLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:
$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
exportTHREADS_FLAG=native
exportTEMP=/tmp
exportTMPDIR=/tmp
exportPS1=`hostname`:
'$PWD'"$"
umask022
在两台服务器的的oracle用户的.profile中,增加如下内容:
exportORACLE_BASE=/oracle
exportORACLE_HOME=/oracle/db
exportORACLE_SID=racdb1
#exportORACLE_SID=racdb2另一节点
exportORACLE_UNQNAME=racdb
exportNLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8
exportNLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-ddhh24:
mi:
ss"
exportPATH=.:
${PATH}:
$HOME/bin:
$ORACLE_HOME/bin
exportPATH=${PATH}:
/usr/bin:
/bin:
/usr/bin/X11:
/usr/local/bin:
/home/oracle/bin
exportORACLE_PATH=${PATH}:
$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
exportORACLE_TERM=xterm
exportTNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
exportORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data
exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:
$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:
/lib:
/usr/lib:
/usr/local/lib
exportCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
exportCLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:
$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
exportCLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:
$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
exportCLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:
$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
exportTHREADS_FLAG=native
exportTEMP=/tmp
exportTMPDIR=/tmp
exportPS1=`hostname`:
'$PWD'"$"
umask022
2.8.3创建Oracle安装路径
mkdir-p/oracle/grid
chown-Rgrid:
install/oracle
mkdir/oracle/db
chownoracle:
install/oracle/db
mkdir/oracle/crs
chownoracle:
install/oracle/crs
chmod-R775/oracle
2.9配置ASM磁盘
以root用户身份在两个节点上配置ASMLib。
--两个节点
/etc/init.d/oracleasmconfigure
ConfiguringtheOracleASMlibrarydriver.
Thiswillconfiguretheon-bootpropertiesoftheOracleASMlibrary
driver.Thefollowingquestionswilldeterminewhetherthedriveris
loadedonbootandwhatpermissionsitwillhave.Thecurrentvalues
willbeshowninbrackets('[]').Hittingwithouttypingan
answerwillkeepthatcurrentvalue.Ctrl-Cwillabort.
Defaultusertoownthedriverinterface[]:
grid
Defaultgrouptoownthedriverinterface[]:
asmadmin
StartOracleASMlibrarydriveronboot(y/n)[n]:
y
ScanforOracleASMdisksonboot(y/n)[y]:
y
WritingOracleASMlibrarydriverconfiguration:
done
InitializingtheOracleASMLibdriver:
done
ScanningthesystemforOracleASMLibdisks:
done
/etc/init.d/oracleasmenable--两个节点
WritingOracleASMlibrarydriverconfiguration:
done
InitializingtheOracleASMLibdriver:
done
ScanningthesystemforOracleASMLibdisks:
done
创建ASM磁盘--任何一个节点上执行即可
/etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatediskDATA1/dev/sdb1
/etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatediskDATA2/dev/sdb1
/etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatediskCRS1/dev/sdd1
/etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatediskCRS2/dev/sdd2
/etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatediskCRS3/dev/sdd3
/etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatediskARCH/dev/sdd5
/etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatediskRECOVER/dev/sdd6
再检查下是否创建好--两节点
/etc/init.d/oracleasmscandisks
/etc/init.d/oracleasmlistdisks
ARCH
CRS1
CRS2
CRS3
DATA1
DATA2
RECOVER
3安装OracleGridInfrastructure软件
以grid用户身份解压缩OracleGridInfrastructure软件:
unzip/oracle/software/linux.x64_11gR2_grid.zip
3.1验证有效性
安装cvuqdiskRPM程序包,位于安装介质的rpm目录下:
rpm–ivh/oracle/software/grid/rpm/cvuqdisk-1.0.7-1.rpm
以grid用户执行以下命令
cd/oracle/software/grid
./runcluvfy.shstage-precrsinst-ns-zh-ora01,s-zh-ora02-fixup-verbose
./runcluvfy.shstage-posthwos-ns-zh-ora01,s-zh-ora02-verbose
将上述检查的结果全部为PASSED即可,若有FAILED状态的根据提示信息修改即可。
3.2安装GRID软件
./runInstaller
3.2.1选择合适的安装选项
选第一项
3.2.2选择合适的安装类型
在这个界面下选择合适的安装类型,选择typical,将遇到更少的选择,并且在后续Oracle可以生成一个fixup脚本叫你执行,然后自动调整你没有按要求调整的系统参数,如果选择advanced,那么你将遇到更多的选择,并且所有环境变量要按要求事先准备,否则会报错,在这里我们选择advanced选项:
3.2.3选择产品语言
在选择产品语言时加上中文simplifiedchinese,否则在使用EM时如果你的IE优先使用中文的话会出乱码的:
3.2.4配置网络