中西方人际关系差异.docx

中西方人际关系差异.docx

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中西方人际关系差异

天津农学院

毕业论文

中文题目:

浅析中西方人际关系差异

英文题目:

AnAnalysisoftheDifferencesinInterpersonalRelationshipsBetweenChineseandWestern

学生姓名王雪花

二级学院人文学院

系别外国语系

专业班级2011级英语专业2班

指导教师李欣

成绩评定

2015年6月

AnAnalysisoftheDifferencesinInterpersonalRelationships

BetweenChineseandWestern

AThesisPresentedtothe

CollegeofHumanities

TianjinAgriculturalUniversity

InPartialFulfillment

oftheRequirementsfortheDegree

BachelorofArts

by

WangXuehua

June,2015

Content

Abstract（inChinese）I

Abstract（inEnglish）II

I.Introduction1

II.CharacteristicsofInterpersonalRelationshipsbetweenChineseandWestern3

2.1Typesofinterpersonalrelationships3

2.2ThecharacteristicsofChineseinterpersonalrelationship4

2.2.1Traditionalethicalrelationships4

2.2.2Moderndiversifiedcharacteristics6

2.3ThecharacteristicsofWesterninterpersonalrelationships7

2.3.1Equalityideology7

2.3.2Individualism8

III.DifferencesofInterpersonalRelationshipsbetweenChineseandWestern9

3.1Differencesintheories9

3.2Differencesinfamilyties10

3.3Differencesinfamilydetermines11

3.4Differencesinfamilymissions11

3.5Differencesininterpersonalcommunication12

3.5.1Differentideologies12

3.5.2Differenthabits13

3.5.3Differentrules13

3.6Differencesinsocialsanctions14

IV.InfluencesofInterpersonalRelationshipsbetweenChineseandWestern15

4.1Influencesondiversifiedrelationships15

4.2Influencesoncross-culturalcommunication16

V.Conclusion17

References19

Acknowledgements20

摘要

本研究旨在探究中西方人际关系差异。

随着经济全球化的发展，人际关系成为各国家、各民族之间沟通交流不可或缺的桥梁和纽带。

同时，中西方人际往来也越来越频繁，成为带动中西方经济、政治、文化发展的重要因素。

因此，中西方的人际关系差异现状成为人们日益关注的焦点。

探究中西方人际关系差异成为中西方学者近年来热衷的课题和职责。

本文第一章是对人际关系概念及其类型的介绍；第二章分别探讨了中国和西方人际关系的特征；第三章着重对中西人方际关系差异进行对比；第四章分析中西方人际关系差异对中西方跨文化交际的影响；第五章对本论文进行总结，理性看待差异，取其精华，去其糟粕，倡导跨文化交际，促进中西人际关系和谐发展。

关键词：

中西方；人际关系；差异

Abstract

ThispaperfocusesonexploringthedifferencesofinterpersonalrelationshipsbetweenChineseandWestern.Withthedevelopmentofeconomicglobalization,interpersonalrelationshipsbecometheindispensablelinkofcommunicationbetweendifferentcountriesandnationalities.Atthesametime,interpersonalcommunicationbecomesmoreandmorefrequentandisanimportantfactorforthedevelopmentofeconomy,politicsandcultureinChineseandWestern.Therefore,alotofpeoplepayincreasingattentionandgrowingconcerntothephenomenonofChineseandWesterndifferentinterpersonalrelationships.Inrecentyears,exploringthedifferencesofinterpersonalrelationshipbetweenChineseandWesternisthehotsubjectresearchandresponsibilityforscholars.ThispaperfocusesonexploringthedifferencesofinterpersonalrelationshipbetweenChineseandWestern.Thefirstchapteristheintroductionincludingtheconceptandtypesofinterpersonalrelationships;thesecondchapteranalyzesthecharacteristicsofinterpersonalrelationshipsbetweenChineseandwestern;thethirdchapterlaysstressonthedifferencesofinterpersonalrelationshipsbetweenChineseandWestern;thefourthchapteranalyzestheinfluencesofinterpersonalrelationshipsbetweenChineseandWestern;thefifthchaptersumsupthecoreviewofthestudyandencouragesmodernpeopletotreatdifferencesofinterpersonalrelationshipswithrationalperspective:

discardingthedrossandabsorbingtheessenceintheprocessofinterpersonalcommunicationaswellaspayingmoreattentiontoChineseandWesterncross-culturalcommunicationandharmoniousinterpersonalrelationships.

Keywords:

ChineseandWestern;InterpersonalRelationship;Differences

AnAnalysisoftheDifferencesinInterpersonalRelationshipsBetweenChineseandWestern

WangXuehua

（CollegeofHumanities,TianjinAgriculturalUniversity）

I.Introduction

Interpersonalrelationshipsaresocialassociations,connections,oraffiliationsamongpeopleasthebasicrelationshipsindailylife.Interpersonalrelationshipshavebeenregardedasoneofhottesttopicsinsocietyafterthedevelopmentofeconomy,politicsandculture.Itisnecessarytopaymoreattentiontostudytheinterpersonalrelationshipswhichhasgreatinfluenceonourhuman’slife.Thereisnodoubtthatnoonecansurviveisolatingfromhumansocietyandlivinginavacuum.Theinterpersonalrelationshipsamongpeoplesignifiedthatwearelivinginordertoestablishandseekapeacefulandharmonioussocietywhichbringsbenefittohumanbeings.Interpersonalrelationshipsplayakeyroleinourdailylife.Sincealargenumberofpeopleareconfusedabouttheconceptofinterpersonalrelationship,weareencouragedtolearnandmastertheknowledge.

Interpersonalrelationshipsarethemostcommonandmostimportantrelationshipsinhumanhistory.Itisabroadconceptofinterpersonalrelationshipssothatdifferentpeopleholddifferentopinionsonit（LuWeiming,LiHong14）.Sociologydefinedinterpersonalrelationshipsasthesocialrelationshipsbuildingintheprocessofpeople’sproductionorlifeactivities,whilepsychologydefinedinterpersonalrelationshipsasthedirectpsychologicalconnectionestablishedintheprocessofhumancommunications（LiMing,LinNing1）.Inthispaper,theinterpersonalrelationshipsrefertomutualrelationshipsbetweenpeoplewhichareformedanddevelopedthroughthemutualcognitions,emotioninteractionsandcommunicationbehaviors.Therefore,itcanreflectthatthepremiseofforminganinterpersonalrelationshipismutualcognition,themethodofforminganinterpersonalrelationshipiscommunicationbehavior,thecharacteristicofinterpersonalrelationshipisemotioninteractionandtheessenceofforminganinterpersonalrelationshipisthedistanceofpsychologicalrelationshipamongpeople.

Peoplehavebeencomparedassocialanimalsandeveryindividualhashisorherspecialthinking,background,attitude,behaviormodel,andvalue.Interpersonalrelationshipshavegreatinfluenceonpersonalemotion,life,work;evenhavealargeimpactonorganizationalclimate,organizationalcommunication,organizationaloperation,organizationalefficiencyandrelationshipsbetweenindividualsandorganization（LiMing,LinNing31）.Thegrowthofindividualcannotleavesthecareofothersandthehelpofhumansociety.Thedevelopmentofeachcompanydemandsaharmoniousinterpersonalatmosphere.Thestabilityofeachcountryalsorequirestheorderlycoordinationofinternationalrelationship.AccordingtoLuShiChunQiurecord,groupsworktogetherwitheachotherandobtainthebenefitsfromeachother.Therefore,harmoniousinterpersonalrelationshipsamongindividualsorgroupsarethevaluablewealth.Theycanbringhappinessandsuccessfulchangestotheindividualsandgivetheinfiniteenergyandimmeasurablebenefitstoorganizations,societyandcountries.

II.CharacteristicsofInterpersonalRelationshipsbetweenChineseandWestern

2.1Typesofinterpersonalrelationships

Thetypesofinterpersonalrelationshipsarethemostcomplicatedwhichhavebeenstudiedbymanyscholars（LiMing,LinNing72）.Accordingtodifferentstandardsabouthowtodefinitethetypesofinterpersonalrelationships,thisthesisdividethetypesofinterpersonalrelationshipsintothreeparts.

Typesbasedonthejointlinkcanbedividedintobloodrelationships,geographicalrelationships,occupationalrelationshipsandinterestingrelationships.

Firstly,bloodrelationshipsrefertotherelationshipsbetweenpeopledependingonbloodties.Therefore,itiscommontothinkthatbloodrelationshipsareproducedbymarriageorfamilybirthwhichincludestherelationshipsofparentsandchildren,brothersandsisters,andsoon.IntheChinatraditionalcultureclannism,thecommoncustomprincipleandthebloodrelationshipculturearetransmittedfromonegenerationtoanother.SothebloodrelationshipplaysanimportantroleinthedevelopmentofChinesecultureandharmonizationoffamilylife.

Geographicalrelationshipsmeantheinterpersonalrelationshipsbetweenpeoplerelyingonthegeographicnetworkandmanageablegeographicareasduetodailylife,activitiesandcommunication.Forexample,thefellow-townsmenrelationshipandtheneighborhoodrelationshiparethetypicalgeographicalrelationshipinourdailylife.

Occupationalrelationshipsindicatetherelationshipsbetweenpeopleformedbyoccupationalties,suchascolleaguerelationship,relationshipbetweensuperiorsandsubordinates,relationshipbetweenteachersandstudents,alliancerelationship.

Interestsrelationshipsrefertotherelationshipamongpeopledependingoninterestsandhobbiesincludingfriendships,loverelationshipandsoon.

Typesbasedonthepsychologicaldispositioncanbedividedintomaster-slavetype,cooperatingtypeandcompetitivetype.

Master-slavetypeisthebasicinterpersonalrelationshipespeciallyforthosepeoplewhoworkandliveinthespecificsituation.Asignificantnumberofpeoplearelikelytogovernothers,whileaminorityofpeoplewouldliketoobeyothers.Thosetwokindsofpeopleworktogetherwitheachothertoformthemaster-slaveinterpersonalrelationship.

Cooperatingtypeistherelationshipbetweenpeopleachievingthecommongoalandmakingaprofitresultthroughcooperation.Atthesametime,theyalsohavetotolerateeachotherintheprocessofworkingtogether.Competitivetypeistherelationshipamongpeopleincompetitionforthepurposeofobtainingtheirrespectiveinterests.

Typesbasedonthepsychologicalpurposecanbedividedintoemotionalrelationship,implementrelationshipandmixturerelationship.

Emotionalrelationshipisthedemandofpeople’smutualemotionalcommunicationforformingharmoniousp