名师解读高考15大语法考纲要点之一.docx
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名师解读高考15大语法考纲要点之一
名师解读高考15大语法考纲要点
一、情景对话
1:
回答thankyou共5条：
—Thankyouforhelping.
—（It's）my（a）pleasure/That'sallright（OK）/Notatall/Youarewelcome/Don'tmentionit.
注意：
It'smypleasure=It'sapleasure=mypleasure=apleasure译为：
不用谢。
特大重点：
withpleasure别人请求你的帮助时，回答表示“很乐意效劳”
如1.---Couldyoubesokindastoclosethewindow?
----_______.A.Me,too.B.Yes,please.C.Withpleasure.D.Goahead
2.---Wouldyoudomeafavorandgivemethebox?
---:
.
A.Pleasedon’tsaysoB.WithpleasureC.NoproblemD.Yes,that’sright
2:
回答I'msorry共5条：
—I'mterriblysorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforalongtime.
—Forgetit/.Notatall/That'sallright/Itdoesn'tmatter/Nevermind.
3:
回答Do/Wouldyoumind........?
1—DoyoumindifIopenthedoor?
—No,ofcousenot/Certainlynot/notatall/No,goahead=ifyoulike
2）.––Doyoumindmeusingyourelectronicdictionary?
––_____.Pleasegoahead.
A.NevermindB.OfcoursenotC.Yes,IdoD.That’sallright
不介意：
不用nevermind.和Idon’tmind.要用：
No,ofcousenot/Certainlynot/notatall./No,goahead=ifyoulike
注意：
goahead=gorightahead,干吧，用吧，拿吧，说吧，走吧，随便。
如：
（1）---Doyoumindmysmokinghere?
---No,_______.
A.me,too.B.agoodideaC.you’dbetternot.D.goahead
（2）--I’IIbeawayforasummerholiday.Willyoumindgoingwithme?
---__________.
A:
I’lllikeitB.No,I’mnotimeC.NotatallD.Yes,ofcoursenot
介意时：
用Sorry,pleasedon't/you'dbetternot./I’dratheryoudidn’t/Yes,Ido.
4:
Whynot?
怎么不行？
—Let'sgotheretonight.
—Whynot?
=That'sagoodidea.
如：
---Howaboutthetwoofuschattingonlione?
---_____It’smuchcheaperthantalkingonthephone.
A.NowayB.WhynotC.MypleasureD.Goahead
5:
回答must固定句型:
1．—MustIgonow?
—Yes,youmust.否定用：
No,youneedn't/don'thaveto.
6:
别人通过考试或取得成功及好消息用:
Congratulations!
告诉别人某人病了或坏消息用：
Iamsorrytohearthat.
—Tom,MydaughterhaswonthefirstprizeintheEnglishcontest.Ican'tgowithyoutogofishing.
—Hasshe?
_____!
AComeonBGoodluckCallthebestDCongratulations
7:
别人外出旅行或找工作两答语
别人外出旅行时：
用Haveagoodtripjourney/agoodtime/havefun.
别人外出找工作时：
用havegoodluck/goodluck不用haveagoodchance.
---DoyoumindifIjoinmyclassmatesinhikingthisweeked,mum?
---Certainlynot._______.
AComeonBGoodluckCMypleasureDHavefun
8:
商店和饭店服务员的问话
商店营业员：
--CanIhelpyou?
/MayIhelpyou?
IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?
WhatcanIdoforyou?
饭店服务员：
MayItakeyourorder,sir?
9:
Itdepends.的用法
—Wouldyoupleasegotothecinema?
—It（all）depends.（看情况吧！
）/That（all）depends.
10.It’suptoyou.（由你决定）
---Shallwegototheartexhibitionrightaway?
---It’suptoyou.
11:
回答Howareyou?
用Fine,/verywell,thankyou.
回答Howareyoudoing?
/Howiseverything?
用Nottoobad.
12:
①Whatdoeshelike?
（喜欢什么?
）②Whatishelike?
①----Whatdoeshelike?
-------Helikessinging.
②-----Whatishelike?
-------Heishandsomeandwarm-hearted.
13:
①表示甲怎么样，乙也怎么样，用so+助动词+主语
—Helikesdancing,sodoI.
—Hewillgo,sowillshe.
②表示甲不怎么样，乙也不怎么样，用neither/nor+助动词+主语
—Hedoesn'tlikedancing.Neither/NordoI.
③If甲怎么样，乙也怎么样，用so+shall/will+主语
—Ifhelikessinging,sowill/shallI.
④If甲不怎么样,乙也不怎么样,用neither/nor+will/shall+主语
—Ifhedoesn'tlikesinging.Neither/Norwill/shallI.
④表示甲怎么样,甲就是这样,用so+主语+助动词
—Itwashotyesterday.
—Soitwas.
—Tomwonthefirst.—Sohedid.
⑤表示甲的多种情况,乙也怎样,用“万能句型Soitiswith+sb”
—Helikesswimmingbuthedoesn'tlikesinging.—Soitiswithher.
14:
Iamafraidso/Iamafraidnot
——I’dliketomakeanappointmentwithDoctorsmith.Would9:
00tomorroebeallright?
——._________.Herscheduleisfullinthemorning.
A:
Yes,she’sfreethenB:
I’mafraidnot（我恐怕不行）
C:
YoumustbejokingD:
Well,itdepends
15:
notreally的用法：
1.----Areyouwillingtogothere?
---Notreally,Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.
2.---WasMartinsorryforwhathe’ddone?
---_______.Itwasjustlikehim!
ANotreallyB.Nevermind.C.AllrightD.Notsurprisingly
16.shall和will的区别
shall与will的区别主要在于疑问句shallI..?
shallwe…？
和shallhe…？
莫忘shallshe…？
shallthey…?
问句主语若是you，will/would定排头。
即：
一三人称用shall;
第二人称用will.
如：
1.ShallIopenthedoor?
2.Shalltheycomein?
3.——Icarrythesuitcaseforyou,madam?
——Oh,it’sverykindofyou.
A．NeedB．CouldC．ShallD．Must
17.takeyourtime;takeiteasy;takeitseriously的区别
takeyourtime意思是“不慌，还有时间”；takeiteasy放松点；别紧张；
takeitseriously把...看的很严重
如：
---Waitamomentplease.Iamgettingchanged.
-----______.Westillhavetwohousetogebeforetheconcert.
AtakeyourtimeBtakeiteasyCwithpleaseDYou’erwelcome
18.none,noone,nobody,nothing的区别
none：
没有人或物，可跟of
nobody=noone：
没有人，永远不跟of
who问，答noone；两how要用none；
what用nothing；none前提过要记清。
1.------_____hasacomputer?
-------Noone.AWhoBWhichCWhomDHowmany
2.---Pleasefetchmesomechalkfromthebox.
---But_____inthebox,sir.
A.nothingB.noneC.nooneD.nobody
3.--MayIhaveaglassofbeer,please?
---Beer?
Thereis_____left,butyoucanhavesomeorangejuice.
A.noneB.nononeC.nothingD.few
19.比较级用在否定句can't/couldn't+比较级表示不可能更...意思最....。
----Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?
-----Itcan'tbemoreinteresting.
如：
1..---ShallIgiveyouarideasyoulivesofaraway?
---Thankyou.__________.
A.Itcouldn’tbebetter.B.Ofcourseyoucan
C.IfyoulikeD.It’suptoyou
2.---Excuseme,Tom?
---______________?
---Canyoutellmewhereisthenearestwaytotherailwaystation?
A.WhatforB.YesC.whyD.how
20.对人口的提问要用：
howlarge或what不能用howmany和howmuch
----______isthepopulationofthecityofPingdingshan?
----About3,5000,000
AHowlargeBHowmuchCHowbigDHowmany
21.Howissb?
对健康状况提问;Whatissb?
对职业提问;Whoissb?
对人名、血统关系提问。
----Howisyourbrother?
----He'sfine/verywell./muchbetter.Thanks.
22.隐形过去时的答语：
---Myunclewillbeheretoattendameetingtomorrow.
---Oh,I_____thathe_____today.
Athought;wascomingBthought;couldcome
Cthink;willcomeDthink;wouldcome
23.省略句
①to+v（原）为了避免和上句重复，to不能省，动词省去.
---Wouldyouliketogotothecinema?
---Yes,I'dloveto.
②to后若是be，切记不能省。
eg-----Doyouwanttobeadoctor?
------Iwanttobe.
③when,unless,if,until,though,as,evenif等连词若引导的状语从句是被动语态时主语和be可省，只保留过去分词。
1.Whenaskedabouthisdiscovery,SirAlexandersaid:
“Onesometimesfindswhatoneisnotlookingfor.”
2.Don'tdothatuntiltoldto.3.Idon'tgothereunlessinvited
4.Idon'twanttospeaktoanybodyunlessspokento.
5.Theflowerhisfriendgavehimwilldieunless_____everyday.
A.wateredB.wateringC.waterD.towater
6.Everyeveningafterdinner,ifnot____fromwork,Iwillspendsometimewalkingmydog.A.tiredB.tiringCbeingtiredD.tobetired
7.Don’ttotouchtheequipmentunless_____.
A.toldB.tellingCbeingtoldD.tobetold
24：
你觉得….怎样？
三句式
Howdid/doyoufind….?
=Howdid/doyoulike…..?
=Whatdid/doyouthinkof…?
你觉得….怎样？
如：
1.----Whatdid/doyouthinkofthefilm?
----Itisveryboring.
2.---Howdoyoulikeyourcoffee?
---Asitcomes.（原味）
3.---Howdoyoulikeyourbeef?
---_______.AWell-doneBThestronger,thebetter
CIt’sOK,thankyou.DThat’senough.
答案是B.beef这里是肌肉，不是牛肉。
25．送客常用语：
Nicehavingyouhere.
--Wereallyenjoyourselvesattheparty.Thankyouagain.MrWhite
--Nicehavingyouhere.Justwheneveryoufeellike.
二.几个重要的情态动词的用法
1.should+have+过分=oughtto+have+过分，表示过去应该做却没有做，含有责备或埋怨的语气。
2must+have+过去分词,表示过去一定。
3.can't/couldn't+have+过去分词,表示过去不可能。
永远不用mustn't+have+done和can+have+done
注意：
can+have+done只能用在否定和疑问句，不能用于肯定句中。
4.needn't+have+过去分词,表示过去不必做某事但已经做了某事。
5.could+have+过去分词,表示过去本应该做某事但没有做某事。
6．may/might+have+过去分词,表示过去或许。
（1）.Theflowerdied,you_______it.
AmusthavewateredBoughttowaterCshouldhavewateredDmustwater.
（2）.It_____lastnight,forthegroundisallwet.
AmustrainBshouldhaverainedCmusthaverainedDcouldhaverained.
（3）.---Hefailedintheexam.---Oh,he______hardathislessons.
AshouldstudyBoughttostudyCmusthavestudied.Dshouldhavestudied.
（4）--Mycatisreallyfat.---You_____havegivenhersomuchfood.
A.mustn’tB.shouldn’tC.mightn’tD.couldn’t
7.need与dare当情态动词+v原型,当实义动词+todo
1.Heneedgothere=Heneedstogothere.=Heneededtogothere.
2.Hedoesn'tneedtogothere.=Heneedn'tgothere.
3.Hedarenotgothere=Hedoesn'tdaretogothere.
8.wouldn’t表示过去不肯；如：
Thedoor__open,nomatterhowhardIpushedit.（填wouldn’t）
【情态动词热点试题自测】
1.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You______homewithoutaword.
A.mustn’tleaveB.shouldn’thaveleftC.couldn’thaveleftD.needn’tleave
2.–Writetomewhenyougethome.
--________.A.ImustB.IshouldC.IwillD.Ican
3.Sorry,I’mlate.I___haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.
A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will
4.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone____getout.
A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto
5.Johnny,you_____playwiththeknife,you_____hurtyourself.
A.won’t;can’tB.mustn’t;mayC.shouldn’t;mustD.can’t;shouldn’t
6.---ShallItellJohnaboutit?
--No,you____.I’vetoldhimalready.
A.needn’tB.wouldn’tC.mustn’tD.shouldn’t
7.---CouldIborrowyourdictionary?
---Yes,ofcourseyou_______.A.mightB.willC.canD.should
8.Youcan’timaginethatawell-behavedgentleman____besorudetoalady.
A.mightB.needC.shouldD.would
9.----Iclimbedthetreeandpickedsomeapples.
----Didyou?
Itwasdangerous!
You____havefalledofthetreeandhurtyourself.
A.mightB.wouldC.shouldD.must
10.--Whereismydictionary?
IrememberIputithereyesterday.
----You_____itinthewrongplace.
A.mustputB.shouldhaveputC.mightputD.mighthaveput
11.—Theroomissodirty._____wecleanit?
—Ofcourse.A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.Do
12.Aleft-luggageofficeisaplacewherebags______beleftforashorttime,especially
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