上课讲解与练习.docx

上课讲解与练习.docx

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上课讲解与练习

高中语法：

直接引语&间接引语

Ⅰ.引导词的选择及语序

1.陈述句：

S+V+that+陈述语序（S+V）

“Thatisthetrouble”,saidBill.

改为：

Billsaid___________________________thetrouble.

【注】：

that可省略，但如果是两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列，则第二个that不可省略。

Hetoldme（that）hehadfinishedhisworkandthathewouldliketohaveaholiday.

2.一般疑问句：

S+V+if/whether+陈述语序（S+V）

Heasked,“Areyouleavingtonight?

”

改为：

Heaskedus___________________________leavingthatnight.

3.特殊疑问句：

S+V+what/who/which/whose/when+陈述语序（S+V）

“Whydidyoulockthedoor?

”fathersaidtoAnne.

改为：

FatheraskedAnne____________________________________thedoor.

4.祈使句：

S+V+sb.todo/nottodo

（1）表示“命令”：

tell,order,command

（2）表示“请求”：

ask,beg,request

（3）表示“建议”：

advise,suggest

“Don’tmakenoiseinthelibrary.”theteachersaidtothestudents.

改为：

Theteacher_________thestudents___________________________noiseinthelibrary.

Ⅱ.时态的一致

1．主句是过去时，变间接引语时，从句时态向“过去”退一步：

直接引语

间接引语

一般现在时

一般过去时

现在进行时

过去进行时

过去进行时

不变

一般过去时

过去完成时

过去完成时

不变

一般将来时

过去将来时

直接引语

间接引语

Iworkhard.

Hesaidthathe_______________hard.

Iamworkinghard.

Hesaidthathe_______________hard.

Iwasworkinghard.

Hesaidthathe_______________hard.

Iworkedhard.

Hesaidthathe_______________hard.

Ihadworkedhard.

Hesaidthathe_______________hard.

Iamgoingtoworkhard.

Hesaidthathe_______________hard.

2．直接引语是客观真理时，变成间接引语时时态不变：

Theteachersaid,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”

改为：

Theteacher____________________________________noiseinthelibrary.

3.直接引语中有明确表示过去时间状语的，变成间接引语时时态不变：

WeiFangsaid,“Iwasbornin1994.”

改为：

WeiFangsaid___________________________bornin1994.

4.直接引语前面的主句谓语是现在时态，变间接引语时，时态不变：

Hesays,“Ihavebeenmarriedfor3years.”

改Hesaidthat____________________________________for3years.

Ⅲ.人称及状语的变化

1．人称变化：

“一主二宾三不变”

（直接引语中若出现第一人称则看主句主语，第二人称看主句宾语，第三人称无须变）

试观察：

Shesaidtohim,“Iamveryhungry.”

改为：

Shetoldhimthatshewasveryhungry.

Shesaidtohim,“Youareverynice.”

改为：

Shetoldhimthathewasverynice.

Shesaidtohim,“Lilyisverynice.”

改为：

ShetoldhimthatLilywasverynice.

2.状语与限定词变化：

“这这那那，来来去去”

直接引语

间接引语

this

that

these

those

now

then

today

thatday

tomorrow

thenextday/thefollowingday

yesterday

thedaybefore/thepreviousday

nextyear/week/month

thenextyear/week/month

lastyear/night/week

theyear/night/weekbefore

ago

before

here

there

come

go

“Iputthekeyonthistableyesterday.”

改为：

____________________________________________________________

Ⅳ.Exercise

一.改写句子（把直接引语改为间接引语）

1.“Iamhavingsupper,”hesaid.

改为：

Hesaidthat__________________havingsupper.

2.“I’veseenthefilm,”Ginasaidtome.

改为：

Gina_________methat___________________________thefilm.

3.“Iwenthomewithmysister,”shesaid.

改为：

Shesaidthat___________________________homewithhersister.

4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.”

改为：

Theteachersaidthatthesun_________biggerthanthemoon.

5.“Imetheryesterday,”hesaidtome.

改为：

Hetoldmethathe__________________her___________________________.

6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive,”hesaid.

改为：

HesaidthatI_________go_________beforefive.

7.“Wereyoubornin1979?

”hesaid.

改为：

He_________me_________I_________bornin1979.

8.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”

改为：

He_________Jimthathe___________________________.

9.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother?

”

改为：

Heaskedhismother____________________________________it.

10.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?

”heasked.

改为：

Heaskedme___________________________been_________days.

11.“Doyouknowwhereshelives?

”heasked.

改为：

Heasked__________________knewwhereshe_________.

12.“Keepquite,children.”hesaid.

改为：

He_________thechildren__________________quite.

13.“Don’tlookoutofthewindow,”shesaid.

改为：

She_________me___________________________outofthewindow.

14.“Areyouinterestedinthis?

”hesaid.

改为：

He__________________Iwasinterestedin_________.

二．句子翻译：

1.汤姆说他2009年加入了这家驾驶俱乐部。

________________________________________________________________________

2.他告诉我他把书落在房间里了。

________________________________________________________________________

3.凯特问我当天晚上是否陪她看电影。

________________________________________________________________________

4.我的小学英语老师常说熟能生巧。

________________________________________________________________________

5.妈妈问我是怎么修好我的单车的。

________________________________________________________________________

6.老师让学生们别浪费自己的时间。

________________________________________________________________________

7.她说她在等车的时候就读完那本书了。

________________________________________________________________________

8.警察问那个人前天晚上他在公园里都干了些什么。

________________________________________________________________________

9.他说他求职时已经告诉他们他的故事了。

________________________________________________________________________

10.将军命令所有士兵马上上前线。

________________________________________________________________________

Ⅴ.Keys:

Ⅰ.1.thatthatwas

2.whether/ifwewere

3.whyshehadlocked

4.told,nottomake

Ⅱ.2.thattheearthgoes

3.thatshewas

4.hehasbeenmarried

Exercise:

一.1.hewas

2.toldshehadseen

3.shehadgone

4.is

5.hadmet;thedaybefore

6.had;there;

7.asked;if/whether;was

8.told;couldsitthere

9.howshehadfound

10.whereIhad;those

11.if/whetherI;lived

12.told;tokeep

13.told;nottolook

14.askedif/whether;that

二．1.Tomsaidthathejoinedthedrivingclubin2009.

2.Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinhisroom.

3.Kateaskedmeif/whetherIwouldgotothecinemawithherthatevening.

4.MyEnglishteacherintheprimaryschooloftensaidthatpracticemakesperfect.

5.MymotheraskedmehowIhadrepairedmybike.

6.Theteachertoldthestudentsnottowastetheirtime.

7.Shesaidshehadfinishedreadingthebookwhileshewaswaitingforthebus.

8.Thepolicemanaskedthemanwhathehaddoneintheparkthenightbefore.

9.Hesaidthathehadtoldthemallabouthisstorywhenheaskedforajob.

10.Thegeneralorderedallhissoldierstogotothefrontlineatonce.