完型填空解题技巧及答案.docx

完型填空解题技巧及答案.docx

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完型填空解题技巧及答案

高中英语专题讲解----完形填空解题技巧

一、完型填空试题主要特点：

1. 通常从一篇250词左右，夹叙夹议的文章中设空20个，首句不挖空做完形填空时要注意文章开头提示句的点题作用和短文中完整句的启示作用；

2.考点层次可分为四类：

单词层次，词组层次，句子层次与语篇层次，突出语篇的理解，突出文化背景;

3.干扰项设计严密，一般说来，四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴，干扰项填入后在语法上并不存在错误，对考生有很大的迷惑作用。

二、完形填空的解题思路：

1句子理解———考查单句语境中词语运用

2上下文理解———考查并列句及复合句语境中词语的运用

3段落理解———围绕段落主旨的段落语境中词语的运用

4文章中心理解—围绕文章中心的文章整体语境中词语运用

三、为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较多?

1.没有严格遵循答题步骤:

多数同学考试时担心时间紧,在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题.事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到15-18分钟.

切记:

一定要用2-3分钟时间进行缺词阅读,弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空.

2.不注意积累答题技巧:

a.忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系;

b.遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择.

四、完型填空考查内容

1.语篇信息

词汇手段：

复现同现

语法手段：

替代省略语法项目

逻辑手段：

顺序关系并列关系分指关系转折关系解释关系因果关系

2.语篇结构（语境理解）

词汇

1.原词复现

①AllofasuddenIstartedtofeelrather_1__.ShewonderedwhyIwaslookingforthissortof__2____.Ifeltevenmorehopelesswhenshetoldmethatitwouldbedifficulttogetajobwithoutexperience.

1.A.encouragedB.dissatisfiedC.hopelessD.pleasedC

2.A.placeB.jobC.adviceD.helpB

②Everystudentmustweartheir___1___whentheyareatschool.Thereare___2___itemsofuniforms：

suits，dresses，shorts，skirtsandT-shirts.TherearealsoWasleyschoolbags，capsandsocks.

1.A.longhairB.thickglasses　C.sportsshoesD.schooluniformsD

2.A.muchB.threeC.manyD.alotC

③MysisterandIgrewupinalittlevillageinEngland.Ourfatherwasastruggling___1,butIalwaysknewhewas2__.…henevercriticizedus,butusedpraisetobringoutourbest…fathersaid:

“whenIwas23,mydadpersuadedmetogointolaw”.

1.A.biologistB.managerC.lawyerD.gardenerC

2.A.strictB.honestC.specialD.learnedC

④Ifhecouldreplacehisgreatpainwithafeelingofloveforothers,thenIshouldbe____togiveupmysmallirritation（恼火）.

A.readyB.likelyC.freeD.ableD

⑤Studentsgenerallyappreciatethesespeciallearningopportunities.Theyarealmostalwaysfunandinteresting,andprofessors______themtoobecausestudentslearnsomuchinjustafewshortmonths.A.holdB.likeC.dislikeD.discoverB

⑥Atthetablenexttominesatanattractive,______couple,waitingforservice.

A.lonelyB.curiousC.well-dressedD.bad-temperedC

⑦ThenextdayJennawenttoseeMrs.Bidenaboutbeingontheschool.Mrs.Bidenwasn’tasenthusiasticasJenna.“I’msorry,butwehaveenoughwriterforthenewspaperalready.

A.committeeB.newspaperC.radioD.teamB原词重现

⑧IwenttoWasleyCollegewithWinnictoday.Wasleyisalarge，old___1___.Ithasthreebranchcampuses（分校）：

Clunes，GlenWaverlyandElasterwick.Ithasaprimaryschool，a___2___schoolandaseniorschool.Sotherearetwelvegradesof___3___studyingthere.

1.A.schoolB.factoryC.movieD.hospitalA

2.A.nightB.juniorC.highD.spare-timeB

3.A.workersB.boysC.studentsD.teachersC

⑨Garth’se-mailwasshort,butIlearnedmorefromthatmessagethanIeverdidfromatextbook.

A.accurateB.urgentC.briefD.humorousC同义词、近义词复现

⑩Beforesettingout,ItoldBarrettthistripwouldbetiringand______.

A.roughB.dirtyC.anxiousD.violentA

⑪Somepartsofthewaterareveryshallow.Butinsomeplacesitisvery______

A.deepB.highC.coldD.dangerousA

⑫Thecorrectwatersupplyforecastisbasedmoreonthewaterfromthe______thanfromthebelow.A.cloudsB.skyC.airD.aboveD

⑬Whenwelookatitasawhole,webegintohavesome,whicheventhebestguide-booksdonotanswer.

A.ideasB.opinionsC.feelingsD.questionsD

⑭Butthenagain，wouldtherebeachairinRoom316？

Orwoulditbea（n）______room？

A.smallB.empty　C.newD.neatB

2.词语的习惯用法和固定搭配

①Here’safellowwhojustwalkedintoabankandhelpedhimself_______somuchmoney.

A.forB.byC.toD.ofC

②Wecanseethereisalotofsleepingonthebusortrainonthe______homefromworkintheevenings.A.wayB.trackC.pathD.roadA.way根据搭配确定词汇

③Leaningback,she______herfeetontothesofatogetcomfortable.

A.shookB.putC.bentD.kept

B.putput。

。

。

onto把。

。

放在/搁在。

。

。

。

根据词义辨析确定词汇

④Therearemanydifferentwaysofseeingatownforthefirsttime.Oneofthemistowalkaroundit,guide-bookhand.A.inB.atC.byD.onA

3.根据词汇的意义及用法辨析词义

①Cassielookedatme,andherglare.Ilaughed,Shesmiled…

A.returnedB.remainedC.increasedD.softenedD

②Iknewshehadstrictsleepinghabits,butIthoughtsheoughttobeableto___someofthisstrictness.A.putupB.takeupC.pickupD.giveupD

③SoonIhearda________likethatofadoorburstinandthenaclimboffeet.

A.soundB.cryC.voiceD.shoutA

④Whenthepaperswere__________ shediscoveredthattwelveboyshadmadeexactly…

A.examined  B.completed  C.marked  D.answeredC

4.根据生活常识及文化背景知识进行选择

①（Immediately）theofficersjumpedintotheircarsandrushedtothe＿＿＿＿＿hospital.

A.animalB.biggestC.plantD.nearestD

②Itwasanearlymorninginsummer.Inthestreets,sleepy-eyedpeopleweremovingquickly,headingtowardstheir____1_.Thiswasthebeginningofanother___2__dayinNewYorkCity.

1.A.jobs  B.homes  C.buses D.offices

2.A.workingB.hot　　　C.same　　D.ordinary

A.jobs2题答案是D.ordinary

③ImademysandwichthatafternoonwhilewaitingforCassie.thebutter-creamgavemeanidea.A.SpreadingB.BoilingC.BakingD.HoldingA

④Andvideocamerascanbeusedto＿＿＿＿＿people’sactionsathome.

A.keepB.makeC.recordD.watchC

句际关系

1.语法手段省略替代语法项目

ThestrangeDrhadbeenlovedbysomeone:

hehadgivenhislife,asCharley_____,foracausehebelievedright.

A./B.hadbeenC.hadD.haddoneC省略

2.逻辑手段:

分指关系,转折关系,因果关系,解释关系,顺序关系,并列关系

①Aformalletterisverydifferentfromaninformalletter.Formalletters___1___tobusinesses，schoolsorgovernmentoffices.___2___lettersareforrelatives，orformer（以前的）teachers.Youmaywriteaninformalletterbyhand，butyoushould___3___aformalletter.

1.A.sendB.arewrittenC.writeD.aredroppedB

2.A.InformalB.FormalC.BusinessD.RelativeA

3.A.copyB.typeC.writeD.shareB

②Itwasastrangenoisethatmadetheman___1___hiscarsoonafterheleftavillage___2___London.Hegotoutofhiscarand___3___thewheels（车轮）carefully，butashefoundnothing___4___hecontinuedhisway.

1.A.startB.stopC.slowD.speedB

2.A.toB.forC.fromD.ofB

3.A.repairedB.examinedC.cleanedD.lookedB

4.A.wrongB.dangerC.interestingD.matterA

③IthasbeenmanyyearssinceIwaslastinLondon________stillremembersomethingthathappenedduringthatvisit.A.andB.forC.butD.asC

④Shewassmallinfigurebutstrongin______.

A.brainB.wishC.willD.healthC

⑤Althoughthehappiesttimeformanystudentsisgettinglettersfromhome,mymailboxwasfrequently______.A.emptyB.fullC.closedD.openA

根据连词（and,but,although）确定选项。

⑥EverymorningIgotontheschoolbusrightnearmyhome–thatwasnoproblem.Afterschool,____,whenallthebuseswerelinedupalongthestreet,IwasafraidthatI’dgetonthewrongoneandbetakentosome,unfamiliarneighborhood.

A.thoughB.yetC.althoughD.stillA

⑦Heappearedcalm,____insidehisheartwasbeatingwildlywithfear.

A.andB.orC.butD.otherwiseC

⑧Markkneltdownandhelpedtheboypickedupthesearticles._____theyweregoingthesameway,hehelpedtocarrysomeofthemforhim.

A.AlthoughB.sinceC.AfterD.Until

Bsince表由于,引导原因状语从句,although让步状语从句,表转折,after引导时间状语从句.

⑨Thinkaboutit,______,whilewalkingtowork,wemarkwherewearebypassingacertainbuilding,whyshouldwenotmarkwherewearewhenwepassafamiliar,thoughunnamed,person?

A.BecauseB.IfC.AlthoughD.However

B.if假设关系.

⑩Jenna,apopulargirlfromWestwoodMiddleSchool,hadgraduatedfirstinherclassandwasreadyfornewchallengesinhighschool.,highschoolwasdifferent.

A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.OtherwiseD.BesidesB转折关系

⑪Neilsonconsidersherselflucky_____shesufferedinjuries.

A.andB.butC.thoughD.whenC让步关系

⑫Irealizedstrengthandcouragearen‘talwaysmeasuredinmedalsandvictories，butinthestrugglesweovercome（战胜）。

Thestrongestpeoplearenotalwaysthepeoplewhowin，______thepeoplewhodon’tgiveupwhentheylose.

A.orB.norC.andD.butD

⑬Firstofall，Irespectedhisdevotiontoteaching…______，Iadmiredthefactthathewouldtalktostudentsoutsidetheclassroomortalk…Finally，Iwasattractedbyhislivelysenseofhumor.（全国卷）

A.LaterB.SecondlyC.HoweverD.ThereforeB

篇章结构（语境理解）

在做完形填空时，我们要理清文章思路，把握作者的态度或思想感情，这对做好一篇完形有着不可估量的作用，否则可能导致几个空格的连续选填失误。

Therearesomanywonderfulstoriesaboutthe______inthisdog,butmyfavoriteisonethatcreatedanimageofhowto______whatisneededwithoutreserve.

TearssprungtomyeyesasIwitnessedthisbeautifulactofunconditionalloveformananimalwhotaughtushowtoservelifewithsuchgrace.

A.loveB.pleasureC.faithD.memoryA

A.gainB.abandonC.giveD.getC

文章主要讲我家的狗对它的朋友的爱和无私的给予给作者带来的震撼。

巧用语境暗示线索解题

有的空格根据所在句的句意或附近上下文的语境我们无法作出正确的选择，要想作出正确判断，同学们应特别注意空格前后所出现的相关词语，尤其注意找出其中重复出现的暗示性词语。

如：

FourstudentsfromBurlingtonCollegeofHigherEducationareinthebelltowerofthe______havemadeuptheirmindstoringthebellsnonstopfortwoweeksasaprotest（抗议）againstheavytruckswhichrundayandnightthroughthenarrowHighStreet.（全国卷）

A.collegeB.villageC.town　　D.churchD

完形填空正确答题步骤:

跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意

结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案

瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破

再读全文，反复检查

精讲精练一

WhenSirWinstonChurchill,thegreatBritishPrimeMinister,reachedhiseightiethbirthdayinNovember,1954,hewaspresentedwithhisportraitbyawell-knownmodemartist,GrahamSutherlanD．Thepaintinghadbeenorderedandpaidforto1theGrandOldManofWorldWarⅡ.

SirWinstonandLadyChurchillweredeeplymovedbythis