06英语四级真题.docx

06英语四级真题.docx

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06英语四级真题

2006年6月24日大学英语新四级（CET-4）真题试卷

PartIWriting（30minute）

Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutetowriteashortessayonthetopicofstudentsselectingtheirlectures.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbellow:

1.有些大学允许学生自由选择某些课程的任课教师

2.学生选择教师时所考虑的主要因素

3.学生自选任课教师的益处和可能产生的问题

OnStudentsSelectingLecturers

PartIIReadingcomprehension（skimmingandscanning）（15minute）

Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutetogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.

Forquestions1-7,mark

Y（forYES）ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N（forNO）ifstatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG（forNOTGIVEN）iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestion8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

Highways

Earlyinthe20thcentury,mostofthestreetsandroadsintheU.S.weremadeofdirt,brick,andcedarwoodblocks.Builtforhorse,carriage,andfoottraffic,theywereusuallypoorlycaredforandtoonarrowtoaccommodate（容纳）automobiles.

Withtheincreaseinautoproduction,privateturnpike（收费公路）companiesunderlocalauthoritiesbegantospringup,andby1921therewere387,000milesofpavedroads.Manywerebuiltusingspecificationsof19thcenturyScottishengineersThomasTelfordandJohnMacAdam（forwhomthemacadamsurfaceisnamed）,whosespecificationsstressedtheimportanceofadequatedrainage.Beyondthat,therewerenonationalstandardsforsize,weightrestrictions,orcommercialsigns.DuringWorldWarI,roadsthroughoutthecountrywerenearlydestroyedbytheweightoftrucks.WhenGeneralEisenhowerreturnedfromGermanyin1919,afterservingintheU.S.army’sfirsttranscontinentalmotorconvoy（车队）,henoted:

“Theoldconvoyhadstartedmethinkingaboutgood,two-lanehighways,butGermany’sAutobahnormotorwayhadmademeseethewisdomofbroaderribbonsacrosstheland.”

Itwouldtakeanotherwarbeforethefederalgovernmentwouldactonanationalhighwaysystem.DuringWorldWarII,atremendousincreaseintrucksandnewroadswererequired.Thewardemonstratedhowcriticalhighwaysweretothedefenseeffort.Thirteenpercentofdefenseplantsreceivedalltheirsuppliesbytruck,andalmostallotherplantsshippedmorethanhalfoftheirproductsbyvehicle.Thewaralsorevealedthatlocalcontrolofhighwayshadledtoaconfusingvarietyofdesignstandards.Evenfederalandstatehighwaysdidnotfollowbasicstandards.Somestatesallowedtrucksupto36,000pounds,whileothersrestrictedanythingover7,000pounds.

Agovernmentstudyrecommendedanationalhighwaysystemof33,920miles,andcongresssoonpassedtheFederal-AidHighwayActof1944,whichcalledforstrict,centrallycontrolleddesigncriteria.

Theinterstatehighwaysystemwasfinallylaunchedin1956andhasbeenhailedasoneofthegreatestpublicworksprojectsofthecentury.Tobuildits44,000-milewebofhighways,bridge,andtunnels,hundredsofuniqueengineeringdesignsandsolutionshadtobeworkedout.Considerthemanygeographicfeaturesofthecountry:

mountains,steepgrades,wetlands,rivers,desertsandplains.Variablesincludedtheslopeoftheland,theabilityofthepavementtosupporttheload,theintensityofroaduse,andthenatureoftheunderlyingsoil.Urbanareaswereanotherproblem.Innovativedesignsofroadways,tunnels,bridges,overpasses,andinterchangesthatcouldrunthroughorbypassurbanareassoonbegantoweavetheirwayacrossthecountry,foreveralteringthefaceofAmerica.

Today,theinterstatesystemlinkseverymajorcityintheU.S.,andtheU.S.withCanadaandMexico.Builtwithsafetyinmind,thehighwayshavewidelanesandshoulders,dividingmedians,orbarriers,longentryandexitlanes,curvesengineeredforsafeturns,andlimitedaccess.ThedeathrateonhighwaysishalfthatofallotherU.S.roads（0.86deathsper100millionpassengermilescomparedto1.99deathsper100milliononallotherroads）.

ByopeningtheNorthAmericancontinent,highwayshaveenabledconsumergoodsandservicestoreachpeopleinremoteandruralareasofthecountry,spurredthegrowthofsuburbs,andprovidedpeoplewithgreateroptionsintermofjobs,accesstoculturalprograms,healthcare,andotherbenefits.Aboveall,theinterstatesystemprovidesindividualswithwhattheycherishmost:

personalfreedomofmobility.

Theinterstatesystemhasbeenanessentialelementofthenation’seconomicgrowthintermsofshippingandjobcreation:

morethan75percentofthenation’sfreightdeliveriesarrivebytruck;andmostproductsthatarrivebyrailorairuseinterstatesforthelastlegofthejourneybyvehicle.NotonlyhasthehighwaysystemaffectedtheAmericaneconomybyprovidingshippingroutes,ithasledtothegrowthofspin-offindustrieslikeservicestations,motels,restaurants,andshoppingcenters.Ithasallowedtherelocationofmanufacturingplantsandotherindustriesfromurbanareastorural.

Bytheendofthecenturytherewasanimmensenetworkofpavedroads,residentialstreets,expressways,andfreewaysbuilttosupportmillionsofvehicles.ThehighwaysystemwasofficiallyrenamedforEisenhowertohonorhisvisionandleadership.Theyearconstructionbeganhesaid:

“Together,theunitedforcesofourcommunicationandtransportationsystemsaredynamicelementsintheverynamewebear—UnitedStates.Withoutthem,wewouldbeamereallianceofmanyseparateparts.”

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1.Nationalstandardsforpavedroadswereinplaceby1921.

2.GeneralEisenhowerfeltthatthebroadGermanmotorwaysmademoresensethanthetwo-lanehighwaysofAmerica.

3.Itwasinthe1950sthattheAmericangovernmentfinallytookactiontobuildanationalhighwaysystem.

4.Manyoftheproblemspresentedbythecountry’sgeographicalfeaturesfoundsolutionsininnovativeengineeringprojects.

5.Inspiteofsafetyconsiderations,thedeathrateoninterstatehighwaysisstillhigherthanthatofotherAmericanroads.

6.TheinterstatehighwaysystemprovidesaccessbetweenmajormilitaryinstallationsinAmerica.

7.Servicestations,motelsandrestaurantspromotedthedevelopmentoftheinterstatehighwaysystem.

8.Thegreatestbenefitbroughtaboutbytheinterstatesystemwas________.

9.Trucksusingtheinterstatehighwaysdelivermorethan________.

10.TheinterstatesystemwasrenamedafterEisenhowerinrecognitionof________.

PartIVReadingcomprehension（readingindepth）（25minutes）

SectionA

Directions:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinbankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

ElNinoisnamegiventothemysteriousandoftenunpredictablechangeintheclimateoftheworld.Thisstrange__47__happenseveryfivetoeightyears.ItstartsinthePacificOceanandisthoughttobecausedbyafailureinthetradewinds（信风），whichaffectstheoceancurrentsdrivenbythesewinds.Asthetradewindslessenin__48__,theoceantemperaturesrise,causingthePerucurrentflowinginfromtheeasttowarmupbyasmuchas5℃.

Thewarmingoftheoceanhasfar-reachingeffects.Thehot,humid（潮湿的）airovertheoceancausessevere__49__thunderstorms.TherainfallisincreasedacrossSouthAmerica.__50__floodstoPeru.IntheWestpacific,therearedroughtsaffectingAustraliaandIndonesia.Sowhilesomepartsoftheworldprepareforheavyrainsandfloods,otherpartsfacedrought,poorcropsand__51__.

ElNinousuallylastsforabout18months.The1982-83ElNinobroughtthemost__52__weatherinmodernhistory.Itseffectwasworldwideanditleftmorethan2,000peopledeadandcausedovereightbillionpounds__53__ofdamage.The1990ElNinolasteduntilJune1995.Scientists__54__thistobethelongestElNinofor2,000years.

Nowadays,weatherexpertsareabletoforecastwhenanElNinowill__55__,buttheyarestillnot__56__surewhatleadstoitorwhataffectshowstrongitwillbe.

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A）estimate

I）completely

B）strength

J）destructive

C）deliberately

K）starvation

D）notify

L）bringing

E）tropical

M）exhaustion

F）phenomenon

N）worth

G）stable

O）strike

H）attraction

SectionB

Directions:

Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Communicationstechnologiesarefarfromequalwhenitcomestoconveyingthetruth.Thefirststudytocomparehonestyacrossarangeofcommunicationmediahasfundthatpeoplearetwiceaslikelytotellliesinphoneconversationsastheyareinemails.Thefactthatemailsareautomaticallyrecorded—andcancomebacktohaunt（困扰）you—appearstobethekeytothefinding.

JeffHancockofCornellUniversityinIthaca,NewYork,asked30studentstokeepacommunicationsdiaryforaweek.Inittheynotedthenumberofconversationsoremailexchangestheyhadlastingmorethan10minutes,andconfessedtohowmanyliestheytold.Hancockthenworkedoutthenumberofliesperconversationforeachmedium.Hefoundthatliesmadeup1