对外汉语专业词汇.docx
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对外汉语专业词汇
1语言类
syllable音节alphabet字母
ambiguity语言中的歧异现象pronunciation发音
Cantonese广东话vowel元音
consonant辅音tone声调
tonelanguage声调语言rhyme韵律
rhyme押韵rhythm节奏
intonation语调speechofsound语音
lexicon词汇grammar语法
word-building/-formation构词法morphologicalchange形态变化morpheme语素vocalcords声带
organsofspeech发音器官respiratoryorgans呼吸器官phoneticalphabet音标ChinesePhoneticAlphabet汉语拼音
phoneme音位attribute属性
articulationoracle发音boneinscriptions甲骨文
stroke笔画charactercomponent部首
ideograph表意文字
pictograph象形文字
notionalword实词noun名词
verb动词adjective形容词
adverb副词pronoun代词
functionword虚词conjunction连词
moodword语气词preposition介词
interjection叹词auxiliaryword助词
modalverb情态动词subject主语
object宾语attribute定语
complement补语predicate谓语
predicative表语adverbial状语
modifier修饰语synonym同义词
antonym反义词wordgroup词组
tense时态propernoun专有名词
register专业术语context语境
ending词尾suffix后缀
infix前缀
originalmeaning本义
basicmeaning基本义extendedmeaning引申义
setphrase/idiom成语dialect方言
Syntax句法学Semantics语义学
Pragmatics语用学Appliedlinguistics应用语言学
arbitrary/arbitrariness任意性productivit能产性
duality二重性displacement移位性
creativity创造性softpalate软腭
hardpalate硬腭teethridge齿龈
airstream气流stress重音
annotate注音vroot词根
stem词干wordorder词序
Saussure索绪尔language言语活动
parole言语langue语言
competence语言能力performance言语行为
isolatinglanguage孤立语agglutinativelanguage黏着语inflectionallanguage屈折语
folklore民俗学
character字word词
sentence句子note注释
exercise练习assignment作业
theruleofwriting书写规则passage短文
speechtempo语速courseware课件
teachingobjective教学目标teachingprocedure教学步骤placementtest分班考试interlanguage中介语
contrastiveanalysis对比分析Erroranalysis偏误分析
positivetransfe正迁移rnegativetransfer负迁移
LanguageAcquisition语言习得TargetLanguage目的语
SecondLanguage第二语言Structuralism结构主义
Behaviorism行为主义speechacttheory言语行为理论principleofconversation会话原则maxim准则
conversationalimplication会话含义wideningofmeaning意义扩大
narrowingofmeaning意义缩小meaningshift意义改变
LAD=Languageacquisitiondevice语言习得装置
2文学类
methodofcreation创作方法essentialfeatures基本特征
worldoutlook世界观literarystyle文学风格
emotionalfeeling思想感情Realism现实主义
Romanticism浪漫主义Classicism古典主义
literaryappreciationappreciationofliterature文学鉴赏
literarycriticism文学批评literarytheory文学理论
schoolsofliterature文学流派linguisticarts语言艺术
literaryworks文学作品narrativepoetry叙事诗
lyricpoetry抒情诗essay杂文
fiction小说novel长篇小说
medium-lengthnovel中篇小说shortstory短篇小说
poetry诗歌prose散文
drama戏剧tragedy悲剧
comedy喜剧solemndrama正剧严肃剧
stageplay话剧literaryscript文学剧本
montage蒙太奇contemporary当代文学
literaryheritage文化遗产publication出版
regulation调节intellectual知识分子
educationalbackground学历definition定义
corresponding对应的creativeconsciousness创新意识literarycircle文学界literarytrend文学潮流
individualvalue个人价值Renaissance文艺复兴
Enlightenment启蒙运动humanism人本主义
heroism英雄主义senseoflife生命意识
literaryachievement文学成就legend传说
imagination想象力humanright人权
literaryflavor文学色彩techniqueofexpression表现手法supernaturalpower超自然的力量epic史诗
strongwill坚强的意志keynote基调
historicalplay历史剧plot情节
time时间site地点
theme主题distinctiveimage鲜明的形象character性格characteristic特征
aestheticvalue美学价值
exaggeration夸张
contrast对比folkliterature民间文学
socialstatus社会地位Sinology汉学
religion宗教信仰worship崇拜
Taoism道教Confucius孔子
Confucian儒家的superstition迷信
mythology神话emperor皇帝
YellowEmpero黄帝rhierarchy等级制度
taboo禁忌filialduty孝顺
annals编年史dynastichistory断代史
dynasty朝代title片名
originalversion原著NationalDay国庆节Mid-AutumnDay/Festival中秋节SpringFestival春节LanternFestival元宵节
Children’sDay儿童节DragonBoatFestival端午节
5中国独特的传统饮食
wonton馄饨guotiefriedjiaozi锅贴
steamedtwistedrolls花卷setmeal套餐
boxlunch;Chinesetake-away盒饭dialogue对白
subtitle字幕take镜头
clip片段picture画面
speciality/major专业calligraphy书法
vbeinrhyme押韵category范畴
3名著
OutlawsoftheMarsh〈水浒传〉TheDreamofRedChamber〈红楼梦〉ThreeKingdoms〈三国演义〉TheJourneytheWest〈西游记〉Zhao’sOrphan元曲〈赵氏孤儿〉ChineseOrphan〈中国孤儿〉伏尔泰TheAnalectsofConfucius〈论语〉TheBookofSongs〈诗经〉Mencius〈孟子〉
4中华民族的喜庆节日
Women’sDay妇女节Water-SplashingDay泼水节Teachers’Day教师节YouthDay五四青年节
ricetofu米豆腐
konjaktofu魔芋豆腐ricenoodles米粉
astickofsugar-coatedhawsorapples,etc.冰糖葫芦
6中国新兴事物
ChinaTelecom中国电信ChinaMobile中国移动
the10thFive-YearPlan十五计划Chinanet中国电脑联网
theThreeGorgesProject三峡工程ProjectHope希望工程
friedricenoodles炒米粉
Fishballsoup鱼丸汤egg&vegetablesoup蛋花汤0ystersoup牡蛎汤seaweedsoup紫菜汤
sweet&soursoup酸辣汤wontonsoup馄饨汤
porkthicksoup肉羹汤squidsoup鱿鱼汤
tomatoesonsticks糖葫芦longevityPeaches长寿桃
glutinousricesesameballs芝麻球hempflowers麻花
plumjuice酸梅汁stinkytofu（Smellytofu）臭豆腐spicyhotbeancurd麻辣豆腐prawncracker虾片
sh7特有的一些汉语词汇
ZenBuddhism禅宗dhyana;dhgaya禅
chaos混沌Daosim,thewayanditspower道FourNobleTruth四谛EightfoldPath八正道anity无常TheoryofFiveElements五行说anatman无我mettaortranscendentalmeditation坐禅
sunyata空nothingness虚无
8国家机关名称
NationalPeople'sCongressNPC全国人民代表大会Presidium主席团
StandingCommittee常务委员会GeneralOffice办公厅Secretariat秘书处
CredentialsCommittee代表资格审查委员会
MotionsExaminationCommittee提案审查委员会
EthnicAffairsCommittee民族委员会LawCommittee法律委员会
FinanceandEconomyCommittee财政经济委员会
rimpballs虾球springrolls春卷
paper宣纸yamen衙门
kowtow叩头Confucius孔子
pailou；pai-loo牌楼wushuChineseMartialArts武术kungfu；kungfu功夫
thewayofmediumcf.GoldenMeans中庸
harmonyzhonghe中和toshowfilialobedience孝顺dutifulson孝子familyhead家长
threecardinal：
三纲fiveconstantvirtues:
五常
guides:
rulerguidessubject,fatherguidessonhusbandguideswife君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲
benevolencehumanity,righteousness,propriety,wisdomandfidelity仁、义、理、智、信eight-leggedessays八股文
raisingsonstosupportoneinone’s养儿防老
Themoresons/children,themore多子多福
LongxuDitch龙须沟modelopera样板戏
TheMineWarfare地雷战DrunkenedConcubine贵妃醉酒
StateAdministrationforEntry-ExitInspectionandQuarantineundertheGeneralAdministrationofCustoms国家出入境检验检疫局海关总署
9中国传统文化事物
FarewelltoMyConcubine霸王别姬TearsofHuangshan荒山泪
GatheringofHeroes群英会EastWind借东风
GeneralandPremierMakeUp将相和
TheStoryofPipa琵琶记WomenGeneralofYangFamily杨门女将
FlowerDrumDance凤阳花鼓HomeintheSea大海啊，故乡MyChineseHeart我的中国心NightattheNavalPort军港之夜WinterFire冬天里的一把火PeonyPavilion牡丹亭AmbushfromAllSides十面埋伏（古曲）
GoddessMarriage天仙配
MoonandFlowerintheSpringRiver春江花月夜
LastingWordstoAwakentheWorld醒世恒言
ButterflyLove梁祝（小提琴协奏曲）OrdinaryWordstoWarntheWorld警世通言
ClearWordstoIllustratetheWorld喻世明言
ThreeVolumesofWords，TwoVolumesofSlapping“三言”、“二拍”
SurpriseStoriestoMakeOneSlap
theDesk拍案惊奇
ADreamofRedMansion/Chamber红楼梦
WaterMargin水浒JourneytotheWest西游记RomanceoftheThreeKingdoms三国演义
StrangeTlesfromaScholar'sStudio聊斋志异
PalaceofEternalLife长生殿ThePeachBlossomFan桃花扇TheScholars儒林外史CelebratingMother'sBirthday五女拜寿
RiversideSceneatQingmingFestival清明上河图
PekingOpera京剧YueOpera越剧
ChuanOpera川剧TheShopofLinFamily林家铺子GardenofRespose憩园（巴金作品集）
WildGrass野草（鲁迅作品集）Wandering彷徨（鲁迅作品集）Chinesedescent炎黄子孙OldTalesRetold故事新编（鲁迅作品集）fiveelements五行
Avalokitesvara观音菩萨Boddhisattva菩萨
mosque清真寺Taoist道士
monk和尚nun尼姑
arhat罗汉theGodofWealth财神爷
DoorGods门神theJadeEmperor玉皇大帝
KingofHell阎王爷DragonKing龙王
theFireGod炉火神theKingofMedicine药王theQueenMotheroftheWest王母娘娘
WaterCurtainCave水帘洞theGreatSageEquallingHeaven齐天大圣
Buddhistscriptures佛经MountainofFlowersandFruits花果山HandsomeMonkeyKing美猴王goldencudgel金箍棒seventy-twodifferentforms七十二般变化
PatriarchSubhut孙悟空的师父theProtectoroftheHorses弼马温GreatWhitePlanet太白金星MightyMiracleGod巨灵神PrinceNeZha哪吒三太子theImmortalityPeachGarden蕃桃园
JadePool瑶池BarefootImmortal赤脚大仙
TrueLordErlangzhenjun二郎真君EightTrigramsFurnace八卦炉LordLaoZioftheGreatMonad太上老君metal金
HallofMiraculousMist灵霄宝殿FourHeavenlyKings四大天王FiveElementsMountain五行山wood木
water水
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fire火
earth土
HeavenlyKingwithaPagodainHand托塔李天王
DujiangWeir都江堰theEightImmortals八仙
IronCrutchLi铁拐李HanZhongli汉钟离
ZhangGuolao张果老HeXiangu何仙姑
LanCaihe蓝采和HanXiangzi韩湘子
CaoGuojiu曹国舅LuDongbin吕洞宾
RiverUncle河伯theThunderGod雷公
Chang'e嫦娥LocalGodoftheLand土地神
GrantingTitlestoGods封神榜theKitchenGod灶王爷
ChinaTelecom中国电信ChinaMobile中国移动
the10thFive-YearPlan十五计划Chinanet中国电脑联网
theThreeGorgesProject三峡工程ProjectHope希望工程BeijingCKowloonRailway京九铁路
Anti-PovertyProject扶贫工程VegetableBasketProject菜篮子工程
Decent-LifeProject温饱工程
EconomyHousingProject安居工程Porn-PurgingCampaign扫黄
Go-WestCampaign西部大开发trigram八卦
yin,yang阴、阳Dao（cf.logo）道
thejianghuWorld（thetraits’world）江湖（世界）Daoism（Taoism）道
excessiveinternalheat上火Confucianism儒学
redology红学（《红楼梦》研究）Shangri-laorArcadia世外桃源kaifang（Chineseopennesstotheoutsideworld）开放
gettinganequalshareregardlessoftheworkdone大锅饭
scarliteratureortheliteratureofthewounded伤痕文学
noimposinguniformityon不搞一刀切
toshakeoffpoverty;anti-poverty脱贫
toconformwiththenationalconditionsandthewillofthepeople合乎国情，顺乎民意
impositionofarbitraryquotasandservicecharge乱摊派，乱收费iron（lifetime）post’s;guaranteedleadingpost铁交椅
Orderleadstoprosperityandchaostodecline治则兴，乱则衰
第11/14页
mural壁画
Chinesetraditionalpainting国画inkandwashpainting水墨画silkpainting绢画woodengraving木刻画engraving版画
shellcarvingpainting贝雕画newyearpicture年画potteryware陶器jadearticle玉器chinaware瓷器celadon青瓷bronzeware青铜器cloisonnéenamel景泰蓝lacquerware漆器paintedpottery彩陶
trio-coloredglazedpotteryoftheTangDynasty唐三彩icecarving冰雕jadecarving玉雕stonecarving石雕bonescarving骨雕shellcarving贝雕woodcarving木雕treerootcarving根雕porcelaincarving瓷器雕ivorycarving象牙雕paintedsculpture彩塑doughfigurine画塑clayfigure泥人儿silkfan绢扇
sandalwoodfan檀香扇foldingfan折扇pearl珍珠agate玛瑙coral珊瑚
greenjade翡翠amber琥珀jade玉
embroidery刺绣
two-sidedembroidery双面秀tapestry挂毯batik蜡染
wickerwork藤条制品puresilk真丝cig
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