英汉翻译基础教程练习答案总主编冯庆华.docx

英汉翻译基础教程练习答案总主编冯庆华.docx

《英汉翻译基础教程练习答案总主编冯庆华.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英汉翻译基础教程练习答案总主编冯庆华.docx（49页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

英汉翻译基础教程练习答案总主编冯庆华

英汉翻译基础教程练习答案总主编冯庆华

汉英翻译基础教程

第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译

第一节翻译中的选义

一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文

1.b2.a3.b4.a

二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配

1．aswarmofbees

abroodofchickens

alitterofpups

2.abevyofbeautifulladies

apackofhounds

ateamofducks

aherdofantelopes

3.unfailingsupport

proactivefiscalpolicy

makeeffectiveuseofoverseasresources

4.makeaphonecall

takeataxi

knitawoolensweater

fetchwater

playbasketball

sprayinsecticide

5.basicwage

capitalconstruction

essentialcommodity

primaryindustry

fundamentalinterest

三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解

1.Thetwoleadersexchangedviewsonbilateralrelationsandissuesofcommonconcern

2.Partymembersshouldlistencarefullytotheopinionsofthegeneralpublic.

3.Theyofferedsomesuggestionsfortherevisionoftheplan.

4.Everyonecomplainedagainstsuchapractice.

5.Theyhadadisputeatthemeeting.

6.Youshouldfollowthedoctor'sadvice.

7.Theyreachedaconsensusonthisissue.

8.Thereisstillsomeunfinishedbusinesstosettle.

9.Wehaveconsultedhimaboutthematter.

10.Pleasegoback.Thereisnothingofyourconcernnow

第二节翻译中的选词

一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。

1.Thatdependsuponcircumstances.

3.Goodnessknowswhatthey'rebeingsosecretiveabout.

4.She'sbeencreepinginherethelastcoupleofdaysinaverysneakyway.Goodnessknows

whatshe'supto.

5.Whotoldyoutomakesuchafussovernothing?

6.Anythingwilldo;don'tfuss.

7.Ourgrandmaisill;don'tkickupsuchashindy.（口语：

吵架。

争吵，打架）

8.Whenothersheardthistheycommented,“Wethoughtitwassomeonewhomatteredisn'tworthmakingsuchafussabout.”

第二章词法翻译的一般技巧

第一节对等译法

一、翻译下面的句子，注意搭配产生的“假朋友”

1.afaithfulChristian2.alovingparent

3.anobedientchild4.avirtuouswife

5.adutifulhusband6.ahardworkingstudent

7.strongwind8.thickfog

9heavyrain

二、翻译下列句子，注意不顾语境而产生的“假朋友”。

1.Onlywhentheyfindmuchncommonandhopetokeepintouchlateron,willtheyoffertheircards.（注意不要把“投机”翻译成speculative）

2.Anotherexample.ThereadingofChineseclassicsisamustforallChinese.Nevertheless,itwasnotuntilIwasover30thatIcametorealizetheimportanceofself-studyinthematterofclassics.

3.Dearyoungfriends,myadvicetoyouis:

Dophysicalexercisesperseveringly.Thathasnothingtodowithmerry-makingortime-wasting.Goodhealthisthewherewithalforasuccessfullifeandcareer.

三、用对等译法，翻译下列成语。

1.fishintroubledwaters

2.beafterone'sownheart

3.skinandbones

4.touchandgo

5.hitthenailonthehead

6.beheadandshouldersaboveothers

7.turnadeafearto

8.burnone'sboat

9.turnablindeyeto

10.lookforaneedleinabundleofhay

四、用对等译法，翻译下列谚语。

1.Practicemakesperfect.

2.Morehaste,lessspeed.

3.Eastorwest,homeisbest.

4.Allisfishthatcomestothenet.

5.Everythingcomestohimwhowaits

6.Themoonisnotseenwhenthesunshines

7.Lookbeforeyouleap.

8.Thereisnosmokewithoutfire.

第二节增词译法

一、翻译下列句子，注意增补冠词

1.Evenachildcananswerthisquestion.

2.Thisistheheadofourdelegation

3.Heputthepaperasideandturnedontheradio.

4.TheChinesepeopleareindustriousandbrave.

5.Wemusthavefaithinthemasses.

6.ThecompasswasinventedinChina

7.Themoonmovesaroundtheearth.

二、翻译下列句子，注意增补代词。

1.Handinyourexercise-books,please.

2.Ican'texpressmyselfinEnglish.

3.Liberalismmanifestsitselfinvariousways.

4.Don'toverworkyourself.

5.Iwishtoavailmyselfofthisopportunitytoexpressourgratitudetoyou.

三、翻译下列句子，注意增补动词。

1.Theyareinhighspirits.

2.Theybeamedwithjoy.

3.Heisquickofeyeanddeftofhand.

4.Thisarticleiseasytoreadandunderstand

5.Istoodalooffromhim.

四、翻译下列句子，注意增补介词。

l.Thebookisverypopularamongyoungpeople.

2.Sheinquiredaboutyourillness.

3.Themountainisl,000feetabovethesealevel.

4.Shutthedoorafter/whenyougoout.

5.Dinnerwasatoneo'clock.

6.Werejoiceateveryvictoryyouwin.

五、翻译下列句子，注意增补连词。

1.Promotephysicalcultureandbuildupthepeople'shealth

2.Menandwomen,oldandyoung,alljoinedinthebattle.

3.Weworkedneitherforfamenorforpersonalgain.

4.Weshouldstrikewhiletheironishot.

5.IshallstayhereuntilI'vecompletedmystudies.

六、翻译下列句子或短语，从文化角度增补词语。

1.YoumighthavethegeniusofLiBaiorDuFu,whowasagreatpoetintheTangDynastyandthemoralworthofYanHuiorZengShen—bothofthemweredisciplesofConfuciusnoonewouldaskyouradvice.

2.toshowoffone'sproficiencywiththeaxbeforeLuBanthemastercarpenter

3.Jigong,RobinHoodinChina,robbedtherichandhelpedthepoor.

4.letahundredflowersbloom,permittheairingofconflictingviews

5.blackchildren,whoareborninviolationofChina'sone-childpolicy

第三节减词译法

一、翻译下列句子注意省略原文的范畴词。

1.Reformandopening-upreversedthestagnationofnationaleconomy

2.Hisrudenessshockedme.

3.Hehasundertaken/takenupthetranslationofLuXun'sworks.

4.Theexportisnotpermittedtoexceeditslimit.

5.ThediscussioncoversSino-USrelations.

6.Inthesummerof1969,theAdministrationpubliclyurgedaneasingoftensionswithChina.

7.Hisarrogancemadeeveryonedislikehim.

8.Nowbirthcontrolbecameapossibility.

9.Chinaiscarryingoutnationwidepollutioncontrolandenvironmentalprotection.

10.Duringthetalk,theirdiscussioncenteredaroundtheprotectionofintellectualpropertiesrights.

11.promotepeacefulreunification

12.Ourimport-exportinthefirsthalfofthisyearhasgoneverywell.

二、翻译下列句子，注意省略原文的重复成分。

1.ThetwosidesheldthatSino-USrelationsshouldbeviewedinaglobalcontextandfroma

perspectiveofthefutureandthe21stcenturyinparticular.

2.Whenproblemsemerge,theycanbeeasilyputright.

3.distance/length/size/height

4.Increasetheawarenessaboutself-reliance,competition,efficiency,anddemocracyandthe

ruleoflaw,aswellasthepioneeringandinnovationspirit.

5.Silence!

Silence!

Unlessweburstout,weshallperishinthissilence.

6.Productiveforcesarethemostdynamicandthemostrevolutionaryfactorsaswellasthe

ultimatedecisiveforceofsocialdevelopment.

7.OurpartymustalwaysrepresentthedevelopmenttrendofChina'sadvancedproductive

forces;theorientationofChina'sadvancedculture,andthefundamentalinterestsofthe

overwhelmingmajorityofpeopleinChina.

三、翻译下列句子，注意省略原文中多余的或空洞的词语。

1.Iwenttheretohavealook.AllIremembernowisthattheguardsattheentrancewereSwiss

soldiersinyellowuniforms.

2.Weneedtoimportadvancedindustrialequipment.

3.Pastexperiencesteachus….

4.Thatisafacade.

5.Wemustadheretotheprincipleofplainlivingandhardstruggle.

6.Wemustcarryforwardandpromotethespiritofpracticality,truth-seekingandcouragein

innovation.

7.Thisshatteredhisillusion.

8.WedemandthatUSgovernmentapologizetoChinaforthisincident.

9.EncouragebothChineseandoverseasinvestmentsinthecentralandwesternregions.

第四节合并译法

一、运用合并译法，翻译下列四字成语或词组。

1.finewords

2.glibtongue

3.exhausted

4.stumbling

5.moveforces

6.burnone'sboat

二.合并译法,翻译下列句子。

1.Wemusthavethisambition.

2.Igotintomyoldragsandmysugar-hogsheadagain,andwasfreeandsatisfied.

3.Eachofthefiveperformancesenjoyedafullhouse,withmanyspectatorshavingtostand.

4.Heisdeterminedtoturnoveranewleaf.

5.Heworkedhardathisstudieseveninearlychildhood.

6.TheChineseonbothsidesoftheTaiwanStraitsareofthesamefleshandblood.

7.Allthestaffuniteinabsolutesincerity.

8.Beforeyoucame,Ididnothingbutidleanddriftintoanythingthatoffereditself.

9.Hesoughtthedistractionofdistance.

第五节转性译法

一、翻译下列句子，注意汉语形容词和剐词的转译。

1.Thereisnodifferenceintheirviews.

2.Wefounddifficultyinsolvingthiscomplicatedproblem.

3.Thedelegatesunanimouslyexpressedtheirdeterminationtoopposethenuclearweapons

4.Hisnewbookisagreatsuccess.

5.Helookedatmeinamazement.

6.Thesunshinesovertheearth.

7.Thenewsquicklyspreadthroughouttheworld.

8.Hervoiceringsthroughthehouse.

9.Thisareaisdenselypopulated.

10.OurgovernmentshowsgreatconcernfortheChinesestudentsabroad.

11.Theygivethisfamouswriterawarmwelcome.

12.Sheactedasareluctanttouristguide.

13.Shehasastrongdesiretoseehim.

14.Iwillgiveanimmediatereply.

15.Independentthinkingisanabsolutenecessityinstudy.

三、翻译下列句子，注意其中名词的转译情况。

1.Oxygenisoneoftheimportantelementsinthephysicalworld;itisveryactivechemically.

2.Thiskindofbehaviorcharacterizesthecriminalmind.

3.Theearthisshapedlikeabigball.

4.Heaimstobeasuccessfulwriter.

5.Thiscoffeetastesofchocolate.

6.Allthestudentsshoulddevelopmorally,intellectuallyandphysically.

7.ThemagnificentGreatHallofthePeopleimpressedustremendously.

8.Wecanhouseyouifthehotelsarefull.

9.Ignoranceandnegligencehascausedthismistake.

10.Olivebranchsymbolizespeace.

11.Weshouldrespecttheoldandlovetheyoung.

第六节换形译法

一、翻译下列句子，注意名词性替代。

1.A:

CanIhaveacupofblackcoffeewithsugar,p/ease?

B:

Givemethesame,please.

2.Whentheclockstruckthree,Elizabethfeltthatshemustgo;andveryunwillinglyshesaidso.

3.A:

Wouldyoulikethisteapot?

B:

No,Iwantasquareone.

4Thisrepresentedagreatshiftfromthecenturies-longhistoryofreclaimingfarmlandfromlakestorestoringittothemonalargescale.

5.Thisisthekeyworkshopinourfactory.Herewehavecomparativelycompleteequipment.

Cooling-faninstallations,heatingdevicesandcommunicationsfacilitiesarealsoequippedover

thosemachineries.

三，翻译下面的句子，注意运用动词性替代。