面向对象程序设计实验指导书doc.docx
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面向对象程序设计实验指导书doc
面向对象程序设计
实验指导书
宋航刘国奇
东北大学软件学院
2012.9
前言
面向对象的思想可以渗透到需求分析、系统建模、体系结构设计、程序设计与实现、系统测试等多个方面，它是描述现实世界复杂对象的相当直接而且直观的有效手段，对于提高系统质量、开发效率和代码重用率，都有明显的效果。
《面向对象程序设计》课程是软件工程专业的重要专业基础课程之一，该门课程注重实践性和实用性，主要通过面向对象程序设计思想和Java语言结合起来，让学生掌握面向对象程序设计思想，以及熟练使用Java语言进行面向对象的编程，因此学生不能满足于只听懂老师讲授的课堂内容，看懂书上的程序，应将课堂教学与实践环节紧密结合，使得学生加深对讲授内容的理解，学会上机调试程序。
也就是善于发现程序中的错误，并且能很快地排除这些错误，使程序能正确运行。
《面向对象程序设计》是结合卡耐基梅隆大学的SSD3而形成的课程，该课程的教学体系和实验体系都很完整，并且东北大学软件学院也提供了良好的教学实验环境，希望同学们能够充分利用实验条件，认真完成实验，从实验中得到应有的锻炼和培养。
希望同学们在使用本实验指导书及进行实验的过程中，能够帮助我们不断地发现问题，并提出建议，使《面向对象程序设计》真正能够帮助同学们学习。
实验要求
《面向对象程序设计》课程实验的目的是为了使学生在课堂学习的同时，通过一系列的实验，使学生加深了解和更好地掌握《面向对象程序设计》课程教学大纲要求的内容。
在《面向对象程序设计》的课程实验过程中，要求学生做到：
（1）预习实验指导书有关部分，认真做好实验内容的准备，就实验可能出现的情况提前作出思考和分析。
（2）仔细观察调试程序过程中出现的各种问题，记录主要问题，作出必要说明和分析。
（3）遵守机房纪律，服从辅导教师指挥，爱护实验设备。
（4）实验课程不迟到，如有事不能出席，所缺实验一般不补。
（5）本实验采用的开发环境为Eclipse，同学在做实验之前要求熟悉该集成开发环境。
Experiment1ImplementingtheGourmetCoffeeSystem（4Hours）
Prerequisites,Goals,andOutcomes
Prerequisites:
Beforeyoubeginthisexercise,youneedmasteryofthefollowing:
∙ObjectOrientedProgramming
oKnowledgeofclassdesign
▪Classattributes
▪Constructors
▪Accessormethods
▪Mutatormethods
oKnowledgeofinheritance
▪Howtoimplementaspecialization/generalizationrelationshipusinginheritance
Goals:
ReinforceyourabilitytoimplementJavaclassesusinginheritance.
Outcomes:
Youwilldemonstratemasteryofthefollowing:
∙Implementingtheconstructors,accessors,andmutatorsofaJavaclass
∙Usinginheritancetoimplementaspecialization/generalizationrelationship
Background
ThisassignmentasksyoutoimplementsomeoftheclassesintheGourmetCoffeeSystemspecifiedonExercise2.
Description
Inthisassessment,youwillimplementtheclassesandrelationshipsillustratedinthefollowingclassdiagram:
Figure1PortionofGourmetCoffeeSystemclassdiagram
Theclassspecificationsareasfollows:
ClassProduct
TheclassProductmodelsagenericproductinthestore.
Instancevariables:
∙code.Theuniquecodethatidentifiestheproduct
∙description.Ashortdescriptionoftheproduct
∙price.Thepriceoftheproduct
Constructorandmethods:
∙publicProduct（StringinitialCode,
∙StringinitialDescription,
∙doubleinitialPrice）
Constructorthatinitializestheinstancevariablescode,description,andprice.
∙publicStringgetCode（）.Returnsthevalueofinstancevariablecode.
∙publicStringgetDescription（）.Returnsthevalueofinstancevariabledescription.
∙publicdoublegetPrice（）.Returnsthevalueofinstancevariableprice.
∙booleanequals（Objectobject）.OverridesthemethodequalsintheclassObject.TwoProductobjectsareequaliftheircodesareequal.
∙StringtoString（）.OverridesthemethodtoStringintheclassObject.ReturnsthestringrepresentationofaProductobject.TheStringreturnedhasthefollowingformat:
code_description_price
Thefieldsareseparatedbyanunderscore（_）.Youcanassumethatthefieldsthemselvesdonotcontainanyunderscores.
ClassCoffee
TheclassCoffeemodelsacoffeeproduct.ItextendsclassProduct.
Instancevariables:
∙origin.Theoriginofthecoffee
∙roast.Theroastofthecoffee
∙flavor.Theflavorofthecoffee
∙aroma.Thearomaofthecoffee
∙acidity.Theacidityofthecoffee
∙body.Thebodyofthecoffee
Constructorandmethods:
∙publicCoffee（StringinitialCode,
∙StringinitialDescription,
∙doubleinitialPrice,
∙StringinitialOrigin,
∙StringinitialRoast,
∙StringinitialFlavor,
∙StringinitialAroma,
∙StringinitialAcidity,
∙StringinitialBody）
Constructorthatinitializestheinstancevariablescode,description,price,origin,roast,flavor,aroma,acidity,andbody.
∙publicStringgetOrigin（）.Returnsthevalueofinstancevariableorigin.
∙publicStringgetRoast（）.Returnsthevalueofinstancevariableroast.
∙publicStringgetFlavor（）.Returnsthevalueofinstancevariableflavor.
∙publicStringgetAroma（）.Returnsthevalueofinstancevariablearoma.
∙publicStringgetAcidity（）.Returnsthevalueofinstancevariableacidity.
∙publicStringgetBody（）.Returnsthevalueofinstancevariablebody.
∙StringtoString（）.OverridesthemethodtoStringintheclassObject.ReturnsthestringrepresentationofaCoffeeobject.TheStringreturnedhasthefollowingformat:
code_description_price_origin_roast_flavor_aroma_acidity_body
Thefieldsareseparatedbyanunderscore（_）.Youcanassumethatthefieldsthemselvesdonotcontainanyunderscores.
ClassCoffeeBrewer
ClassCoffeeBrewermodelsacoffeebrewer.ItextendsclassProduct.
Instancevariables:
∙model.Themodelofthecoffeebrewer
∙waterSupply.Thewatersupply（Pour-overorAutomatic）
∙numberOfCups.Thecapacityofthecoffeebrewer
Constructorandmethods:
∙publicCoffeeBrewer（StringinitialCode,
∙StringinitialDescription,
∙doubleinitialPrice,
∙StringinitialModel,
∙StringinitialWaterSupply,
∙intinitialNumberOfCups）
Constructorthatinitializestheinstancevariablescode,description,price,model,waterSupply,andnumberOfCups.
∙publicStringgetModel（）.Returnsthevalueofinstancevariablemodel.
∙publicStringgetWaterSupply（）.ReturnsthevalueofinstancevariablewaterSupply.
∙publicintgetNumberOfCups（）.ReturnsthevalueofinstancevariablenumberOfCups.
∙StringtoString（）.OverridesthemethodtoStringintheclassObject.ReturnsthestringrepresentationofaCoffeeBrewerobject.TheStringreturnedhasthefollowingformat:
code_description_price_model_waterSupply_numberOfCups
Thefieldsareseparatedbyanunderscore（_）.Youcanassumethatthefieldsthemselvesdonotcontainanyunderscores.
ClassOrderItem
ClassOrderItemmodelsaniteminanorder.
Instancevariables:
∙product.Thisinstancevariablerepresentstheone-wayassociationbetweenOrderItemandProduct.ItcontainsareferencetoaProductobject.
∙quantity.Thequantityoftheproductintheorder.
Constructorandmethods:
∙publicOrderItem（ProductinitialProduct,
∙intinitialQuantity）
Constructorthatinitializestheinstancevariablesproductandquantity.
∙publicProductgetProduct（）.Returnsthevalueoftheinstancevariableproduct,areferencetoaProductobject.
∙publicintgetQuantity（）.Returnsthevalueoftheinstancevariablequantity.
∙publicvoidsetQuantity（intnewQuantity）.SetstheinstancevariablequantitytothevalueofparameternewQuantity.
∙publicdoublegetValue（）.Returnstheproductofquantityandprice.
∙StringtoString（）.OverridesthemethodtoStringintheclassObject.ReturnsthestringrepresentationofanOrderItemobject.TheStringrepresentationhasthefollowingformat:
quantityproduct-codeproduct-price
Thefieldsareseparatedbyaspace.Youcanassumethatthefieldsthemselvesdonotcontainanyspaces.
Testdriverclasses
Completeimplementationsofthefollowingtestdriversareprovidedinthestudentarchive.Usethesetestdriverstoverifythatyourcodeworkscorrectly.
∙ClassTestProduct
∙ClassTestCoffee
∙ClassTestCoffeeBrewer
∙ClassTestOrderItem
Files
Thefollowingfilesareneededtocompletethisassignment:
∙student-files.zip—Downloadthisfile.Thisarchivecontainsthefollowing:
oTestProduct.java
oTestCoffee.java
oTestCoffeeBrewer.java
oTestOrderItem.java
Tasks
ImplementclassesProduct,Coffee,CoffeeBrewer,andOrderItem.DocumentusingJavadocandfollowSun'scodeconventions.Thefollowingstepswillguideyouthroughthisassignment.Workincrementallyandtesteachincrement.Saveoften.
1.Extractthefilesbyissuingthefollowingcommandatthecommandprompt:
C:
\>unzipstudent-files.zip
2.Then,implementclassProductfromscratch.UseTestProductdrivertotestyourimplementation.
3.Next,implementclassCoffeefromscratch.UseTestCoffeedrivertotestyourimplementation.
4.Then,implementclassCoffeeBrewerfromscratch.UseTestCoffeeBrewerdrivertotestyourimplementation.
5.Finally,implementclassOrderItemfromscratch.UseTestOrderItemdrivertotestyourimplementation.
Submission
Uponcompletion,submitonlythefollowing:
1.Product.java
2.Coffee.java
3.CoffeeBrewer.java
4.OrderItem.java
Experiment2ImplementingtheCollectionsintheGourmetCoffeeSystem（4Hours）
Prerequisites,Goals,andOutcomes
Prerequisites:
Beforeyoubeginthisexercise,youneedmasteryofthefollowing:
∙Collections
oUseofclassArrayList
oUseofiterators
Goals:
Reinforceyourabilitytoimplementclassesthatusecollections
Outcomes:
Youwilldemonstratemasteryofthefollowing:
∙ImplementingaJavaclassthatusescollections
Background
Inthisassignment,youwillimplementtheclassesintheGourmetCoffeeSystemthatusecollections.
Description
ThefollowingclassdiagramoftheGourmetCoffeeSystemhighlightstheclassesthatusecollections:
Figure2GourmetCoffeeSystemclassdiagram
Completeimplementationsofthefollowingclassesareprovidedinthestudentarchive:
∙Coffee
∙CoffeeBrewer
∙Product
∙OrderItem
∙GourmetCoffee
Inthisassignment,youwillimplementthefollowingclasses:
∙Catalog
∙Order
∙Sales
∙GourmetCoffee
Theclassspecificationsareasfollows:
ClassCatalog
TheclassCatalogmodelsaproductcatalog.ThisclassimplementstheinterfaceIterabletobeingabletoiteratethroughtheproductsusingthefor-eachloop.
Instancevariables:
∙products—AnArrayListcollectionthatcontainsreferencestoinstancesofclassProduct.
Constructorandpublicmethods:
∙publicCatalog（）—Createsthecollectionproducts,whichisinitiallyempty.
∙publicvoidaddProduct（Productproduct）—Addsthespecifie
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