打造个性化模板.docx

打造个性化模板.docx

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打造个性化模板

模板素材

一、综合写作常用词汇：

1、对材料的指称：

①听力：

thespeaker

thelecturer

theprofessor

thelisteningmaterial

thelecture

thetalk

②阅读：

thewriter

theauthor

thereadingmaterial

thewriting

thepassage

2、表示要点间的关系的词和短语：

①质疑、驳斥关系的词或短语：

refute=rebut+n驳倒,反驳

disprove+n反驳,证明...为误

deny+n或+that否定，否认

challengesth.或者challengesbonsth置疑（…的正确性）

question+n置疑（…的正确性或合理性）

castdoubton/raisedoubtover+n怀疑

doubt+n或+that怀疑

oppose+n反对

objectto=disagreewith+n反对，不赞成

beopposingto/sbbeopposedto反对

beagainst反对

becontrary相反

beoppositeto相反

contradict+n同...矛盾/抵触

becontradictoryto同...矛盾/抵触

conflictvi抵触，有分歧

AandBconflict或者AconflictwithB

beconflictingto抵触，有分歧

differfrom+n与..不同

②支持、强化关系的词或短语：

support+n支持

back+n支持

enhance+n增强，强化

strengthen+n加强

uphold+n支持，维护

justify+n为…辩护，证明…的是正当的

3、陈述材料内容的词和短语：

accordingtothelecture（readingpassage）adv.

say

talkabout+n

discuss+n

state+that说;陈述

remark+that谈起，说

believe+that

makethepointthat+从句

takethepositionthat+从句

propose+todo/+that提议，主张

maintain+that主张，认为

argue+that争辩到,认为

indicate+that表明，指出

suggest+that提出，表明

mention+n提及，说起

note+n或+that指出，说到

claim+that声称，断言

assert+that断言,声称（formal）

affirm+that断言；肯定（formal）

contend+that声称，主张（formal）

allege+that宣称,断言（formal）

putforward+n提出

pointout+that指出

conclude+that断定

4、表示转折关系的词和短语：

①adv.incontrast/onthecontrary/ontheotherhand

②conj.while/whereas/although

5、表示转承的词和短语：

①first,firstofall,thefirstreason/point

②second,furthermore,moreover,besides,whatismore,inaddition,anotherreason/point

③third,finally,intheend

6、其他有用的词汇：

basisn.根据

groundsn.理由，原因

evidencen.证据

proofn.证据

groundlessadj.无根据的，无依据的

unwarrantedadj.无根据的，不敢保证的

incorrectadj.不正确的

improperadj.不合适的，不恰当的

inappropriateadj.不合宜的，不适当的

incompleteadj.不完全的，不完整的

exemplify+n举例说明

illustrate+n/+that举例说明

castlighton使…显现

giventhat…考虑到

inthat…由于,因为

regardingprep.关于

concerningprep.关于

withregard/respecttoprep.关于

二、综合写作黄金句型：

1、首段（稍作转换亦可用于中间段）

⏹Thelecture…,which…themainideainthereadingthat…

⏹Theprofessor….Onthecontrary/incontrast/however,thewriter…adifferent/contradictory/opposingideathat…

⏹Contraryto/opposedtothebelief/idea/pointinthepassagethat…,theprofessor…that…

⏹Theprofessor…theviewpointshowed/suggested/indicated/mentioned/discussed/statedinthepassagethat…bysayingthat…

⏹Theevidence/proof/points/opiniongiven/provided/statedinthepassageisgroundless/unwarranted/somewhatinappropriate/inaccuratewhencomparedtowhatis…edinthelecture.Thelecture…

2、中间段

⏹Theprofessormadethepointthat…Thereading,incontrast,helda…viewbysayingthat…

⏹Asregardsto/intermsof…,thelisteningmaterial…thereadingmaterial.…

⏹Anotherimportantpoint…inthereadingmaterialisthat…butthelisteningpresentsaconflicting/contradictory/opposing/negative/oppositeideathat….

⏹Thesecond/thirdpoint/reason/evidence…inthereadingpassageisthat….Contrarytoitistheprofessor’s…that…

⏹Notasthepassageputsit/Unlike…inthepassage,,thelecturer...

⏹Thepassage…butitisnotthecaseinthelecture.Theprofessor…

⏹Thepassage…whilethelecture….Thiswasanotherpartwhere（the…of）thelecture…（the…in）thepassage（that…）.

⏹Finally,theprofessor….that…,which…thestandpointmadebythewriterwhosaidthat…

三、综合写作句型集

1、表示要点间的关系

Thelecturer

totally

disagreeswith

theview

madeinthereading.

Thespeaker

completely

denies

theidea

madeinthepassage.

Theprofessor

entirely

challenges

thestatement

madebytheauthor.

This

directlycontradicts

whatthepassage

indicates.

which

directlydenies

whattheauthor

states.

This

directlychallenges

whatthereadingpassage

believes.

Inthelecture,

thespeaker

hastotallydifferent

ideasonthetopic

madeinthereading.

Inthelecture

theprofessor

hascompletelydifferentideasonthetopic

madeinthepassage

Inthelistening

thelecturer

hasentirelydifferentideasonthetopic

madeinthereadingpassage

1、表示要点内容和要点间的关系

ReadingPoints…

while

ListeningPoints…

Thereadingpassagecontendsthat…

，but

however

thelecturerarguesthat….

Accordingtothereadingpassage,…

;ontheotherhand

theprofessorinthelisteningarguesthat…

Inthereadingpassage,theauthorbelievesthat…

;incontrast

thelecturerholdstheoppositeopinionandbelievethat…

Contrarytothepointinthereadingthat…,

Thespeakerstatesthat…

Differentfromtheopinioninthereadingthat…

Theprofessorinthelecturearguesthat…

Inthelistening,theprofessorsaysthat…

Thisdirectlycontradictswhatthereadingpassageindicates,because…

thespeakerinthelisteningarguesthat…

Thispointdisagreeswithstatementdemonstratedinthereadingthat…

Accordingtothelecturer,…

，whichrefutesthepointthat…inthereading.

Thelecturerbelievesthat…

，whichcastsdoubtontheauthor’spointthat…

Accordingtotheprofessorinthelecture，...

，whichdiffersfromthereadinginthatthereadingstates.....

打造个性化模板

模版范例：

Itis…edinthelecturethat…,which…thepassage.Accordingtothepassage,…

First,contraryto/oppositeto/opposedtothe…inthepassagethat…,theprofessor…that…

Thesecond…inthereading/bytheauthoristhat…however,thelecture....Thisisanotherpoint/partwherethelecture…thepassage.

Finaly,theauthorofthepassage…that….Notasthepassageputsit/Unlike…inthepassage,thelecturer...

我的模板

特别提醒：

模板需要灵活低运用！

！

！

（这篇NCE的文章的语言广泛适用语TOEFL写作中的preference题目和同意或不同意题目.文章的本身是写城市生活比乡村的好,根185的有一题是一致的.看我的分析是一部分,非牛们把里边的句子背下来,写作的时候换换主宾就可以直接使用!

效果很好!

） 

Thequietlifeofthecountryhasneverappealedtome（第一句清楚的称述自己的观点,但是没有用模版式的agreeordisagree或者Ilike,Idonotlike之类的）.Citybornandcitybred（经典句子,作文的highlight,在别的地方同样可以移植类似的结构）,Ihavealwaysregarded（避免了使用think这样的词汇,以后大家要写think的时候,就用regardas） thecountryassomethingyoulookatthroughatrainwindow（细节的具象化,ETS不喜欢那些抽象的大道理却偏好这些很具体的小细节,这也就是为什么所有的Topic里边都有一个specific的原因了）,orsomethingyouoccasionally（副词的使用充分的表达作者的感情和限定成分,同时避免了sometimes这种相对常见的使用） visitduringtheweekend. Mostofmyfriendsliveinthecity,yettheyalwaysgointorapturesatthemerementionofthecountry（超强的句子!

gointorapture,这里用一个很动感的短语表现了friend的狂喜,同时使用了always和mere两个词构成鲜明的对比,表达很生动!

）.Thoughtheyextolthevirtues（赞美的高级说法,用一个3词的短语替代一个干瘪的praise,不仅在字数上多了,而且表达更好） ofthepeacefullife,onlyoneofhemhasevergonetoliveinthecountryandhewasbackintownwithin（within虽然不是什么高级的东西,但是大家常常忘记用,或者根本没有用within的意识） sixmonths.Evenhestilllivesundertheillusion（undertheillusion活在幻想之下,这个短语本身就很好,同时,大家在写作时也可以用:

amultitudeofpeopleliveundertheillusionthatAissuperiortoB,however,frommyperspective…） thatcountrylifeissomehowsuperiortotownlife（somehow也是好词!

当你要说有的人荒谬的观点时,就可以说:

whysomedeemAastheoptimalchoiceandsomehowsuperiortoBisreallybeyondme.）.Heisforevertalking（beforeverdoing,当强调一个动作的时候,这是很好的,bedoing比一个单一的do来的强烈得多） aboutthefriendlypeople,thecleanatmosphere（atmosphere的使用避免的用俗了的environment）,theclosenesstonatureandthegentlepace（gentlepace,gentle完美的形容了乡村生活,准确而生动的形容词使用）ofliving.Nothingcanbecompared（又学到了,无与伦比的说法,在表达自己肯定的观点的时候可以使用）,hemaintains,withthefirstcockcrow,thetwitteringofbirdsatdawn,thesightoftherisingsunglintingonthetreesandpastures.Thisidyllicpastoralsceneisonlypartofthepicture（onlypartofthepicture,仅仅是问题的一个方面,这个短语是很常用的!

）. Myfriendfailstomention（这里用failtodo替代了doesnotdo,因为doesnotdo实在太低级了,而failtodo则是好很多） thelongandfriendless（漂亮的使用） wintereveningsinfrontoftheTV（又是一个具体的细节,很符合ETS的口味） --virtually （在写作中actually这个概念是很容易出现了,这里使用了virtually替换,避免了撞车）theonlyform（看来唯一的方式不仅仅只是theonlyway, 这里又用了一个替换,避免了过于普遍的用词） ofentertainment.Hesaysnothing（ATTENTION:

作者一直没有用doesnot,却两次表达了否定,saynothing肯定比doesnotsay来得好） aboutthepoorselectionofgoodsintheshops,oraboutthoseunfortunatepeoplewhohavetotravelfromthecountrytothecityeverydaytogettowork.Whypeoplearepreparedtotolerateafour-hourjourneyeachdayforthedubiousprivilegeoflivinginthecountryisbeyondme（注意这里的why…beyondme这种用法,在你要反驳一种观点的时候是很有用的）. Theycouldbesavedsomuchmiseryandexpenseiftheychosetoliveinthecitywheretheyrightlybelong（其实这是一个作文结尾的不错模版,可以避免单一乏味的重复）. 

    Ifyoucan dowithout（dowithout,把…方在一边,很强的用法,写作的时候需要反驳一方并支持另一方的时候可以用,如:

IfyoucandowithoutthedubiousmeritsofA,youwillswiftlyfindB…） thefewpastoralpleasuresofthecountry,youwillfindthecitycanprovideyouwiththebestthatlifecanoffer.Youneverhavetotravelmilestoseeyourfriends.Theyinvariably（invariably是我强烈推荐的always的替换,这个词是人家很常用的） lienearbyandarealwaysavailableforaninformalchatoranevening'sentertainment.Someofmyacquaintances（避免了friends的重复） inthecountrycomeuptotownonceortwiceayear（具体的次数其实就是details,大家记住onceortwice绝对比severaltimes好很多,这样才可以体现出你文章的specific,不要认为这些小的地方可以忽视,其实在文章中注意细节,是可以makeadifference的!

） tovisitthetheatreasaspecialtreat（特殊待遇）.Forthemthisisamajoroperationwhichinvolves（involve这个词大家都知道,却不常用） considerable（elaborate也不错） planning.Astheplaydrawstoitsclose（drawtoitsclose,接近的意思,避免了过于大众的cometotheend）,theywonder（wonder也是一个建议多用的词汇） whethertheywillevercatchthatlasttrai