小升初英语专项五介词.docx
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小升初英语专项五介词
小升初英语专项五:
介词
一、知识点回顾
介词概念:
介词又叫前置词,是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间关系的词,它一般放在名词、代词(宾格)或动词(动词ing形式)前面。
(一)时间介词
1.用at的时间短语
具体时刻:
at7o'clockat9:
15
用餐时间:
atlunchtimeatteabreak
节日:
atChristmasatEaster
年龄:
atten/attheageoften
其他时间:
在中午______________在晚上________________atthattimeat(on)weekends
2.用on的时间短语(主要表示具体某一天,包括某一天的上午、下午或晚上)
星期几:
在星期日_________________________
星期几的上午/下午/晚上:
在星期二下午_____________________
日期:
onMay21st
日期的上午/下午/晚上:
onthemorningofJanuary22nd
节日:
在儿童节_________________________
3.用in的时间短语
泛指一天的上午、下午或晚上:
inthemorning/afternoon/evening
月份:
在八月份_____________________
年份:
in2010
季节:
in________/________/_________/__________在春/夏/秋/冬季
※年龄:
inhertwenties在她二十多岁时inhisfifties在他五十多岁时
后加一段时间:
表示一段时间之后,用于将来时:
Iwillcomebackintwodays.
小试牛刀:
使用in,on,at填空
____Monday____8:
00____themorning____Fridayevening
____dawn____halfpastfour____dusk____arainyevening
____March,1981____Oct.10____Children’sDay____fivefifteen
____theageof6____night____2002____June9th,2017
(二)表示空间和方位的介词
1.at,in
at用于建筑物机场、车站等较小范围的地点;
在家_____________在学校______________atthesportsmeet在运动会上
在晚会上_________________在机场______________在汽车站_________________
in用于国家城市等较大范围的地点
在世界上_________________在美国_____________在上海___________________
※注意:
当同一场所被看为一个地点,不强调在空间时用at;当强调其内在的空间时用in,
Eg:
Let'smeetatWandaCinema.
Thereare1,000seatsinWandaCinema.
2.on,above,over,below,under
on:
表示“....上面”,有接触面,
Eg:
碗在桌子上。
______________________________________________
above:
表示....上方”,不接触,但不强调是否垂直,
Eg:
树的上空有一些小鸟在飞。
___________________________________
over:
表示....正上方”,不接触,垂直,
Eg:
河上方有座桥。
_____________________________________________
below:
表示“在......下方”,不接触,但不强调垂直,
Eg:
在我的窗下有一条街。
_______________________________________
under:
表示“....的下面”,不接触,但垂直,
Eg:
书桌下面有一只足球。
_______________________________________
3.at,by,beside,next,near
at,by,beside均表示“....旁边”;
at强调一种目的性较强的“在......旁边”,by和beside常可换用。
Eg:
我经常在我房间的桌边做作业。
______________________________
4.between,among
Hestands__________histwobrothers.
Hesits____________histoys.
5.in,to,on
in表示某事物或某地在某一个区域内;
to表示某事物或某地不属于某一个区域内。
Shanghaiis__________theeastofChina.
Japanis_____________theeastofChina.
6.infrontof,inthefrontof
infrontof表示在某一空间外部的前面,反义词为_________________________;
inthefrontof表示在某-空间内部的前面,反义词为______________________,
Don'tstand_____________________thebus.不要站在公交车的前面。
Don'tsit________________________thebus.不要坐在公交车的前排。
7.across,through
across和through都表示“穿过”,
across指在表面穿过,例如:
walk__________theroad穿过马路,swim____________heriver游过河
through指在里面穿过,例如:
go____________thetunnel穿过隧道
小试牛刀:
选词填空
(in,to,on,among,under,between…and,across,over)
1.Beijingis_____China.
2.Dongguanis______theeastofHuizhou.
3.Guangdongis__________thesouthofHubei.
4.Thebeeisflying_________thedesksinourclassroom.
5.Theydon’twalk_________roadcarefully
6.__________thetree,thereisabeautifulball.
7.Thehospitalis__________thecinema____________thepark
8.Thebeautifulladyis___________thefourteachers.
(三)表示手段和材料的介词
1.by表示用某种方式,多用于交通,
Eg:
Weoftenkeepintouch______________.我们经常通过电子邮件保持联系。
※注意:
表示搭乘交通工具时,用by时不用冠词,如:
bybus/trainplane/ship/bike...乘公共汽车/火车/飞机/轮船/自行车等。
(用in时要用冠训如:
Iwenttherebybus/inabus.我坐公共汽车去那里。
也可以用________表示乘坐交通工具。
)
2.on表示.“.....方式”,多用于固定词组,
Eg:
Theytalked___________________.他们通过电话交谈。
ShelearnsEnglishonthe__________/on___________.她通过收音机/电视学英语。
3.with表示用某种工具,例如:
Ioftendomyhomeworkwitha_____________.我经常用圆珠笔写作业。
Hebrokethewindow____________a__________.他用石头把窗户玻璃砸破了。
※注意:
with表示用某种工具时:
必须用冠司或物主代词。
4.in表示用某种材料、语言或...颜色的衣服,例如:
Shewrotetheletter________________.她用钢笔写这封信的。
同义句:
________________________________________________
Theytalk________________________.他们用汉语交谈。
________________________________.穿黑衣服的男孩是我们的班长。
※注意:
in指用材料,不用冠词;而with指用工具,要用冠词。
Eg:
:
用铅笔画可以说drawinpencil或drawwithapencil。
5.of,from:
都表示某种材料制成,但是使用of表示成品仍可看出原料,使from表示成品已看不出原料,
Theboxismade__________wood.这个盒子是由木头制成的。
Wineismade____________grapes.葡萄酒是由布萄酿成的。
二、典型例题和易错题
(一)用适当的介词填空。
1.Theman___________blueisJack’sfather.
2.Who’thegirl_________smallmouth?
3.Youshouldn’twalk____________thegrass.
4.Look,Nancyissitting____________herfatherandmother.
5.Youmuststayaway_____________thehouse.
6.Now,Iknowalot_____________insects.
7.Mylittlebrotheralwayshasalot________questions.
8.We’reveryhappy____________school.
9.Keep___________thegrass,please.
10.JimisinRow4.Isit_____________him.
(二)选择题。
()1.Itoftenrains__________June.
A.ofB.inC.atD.on
()2.Thestoreisopen_________MondaytoSaturday.
A.fromB.onC.forD.at
()3.Pleasecometoschool__________seventhirty.
A.beforeB.afterC.inD.on
()4.Myfatherusuallycomesbackfromwork_________6:
30_________theevening.
A.in;onB.in;atC.on;inD.at;in
()5.TheyhavelivedinChina___________twoyears.
A.inB.onC.beforeD.for
()6.Beijingis_______thenorth_________China.
A.in;toB.on;inC.in;ofD.to;of
()7.Look!
Ourteacherisstanding__________twostudents.
A.betweenB.underC.aboveD.on
()8.Thereisapicture______thewall.
A.onB.inC.nearD.under
()9.Japanis_________theeastofChina.
A.onB.toC.inD.at
()10.Sallysits___________Danny.Dannysits______________Sally.
A.beside;infrontofB.behind;besidesC.behind;infrontofD.beside;besides
()11.Go________thisstreet,andturnright___________thesecondcrossing.
A.along;onB.across;atC.across;atD.along;at
()12.It’swarmtoday.Take______yourjacket.Put________thisT—shirt.
A.off;onB.out;offC.of;onD.off;in
()13.Shemetherfriend_______herway_________school.
A.at;toB.on;toC.on;onD.on;at
()14.QingdaoisfarfromChangshang.Let’sgo_________plane.
A.inB.byC.atDon
()15.Isingthesong_________Chinese.
A.onB.withC.inD.by
()16.Wegotothezoo______foot.Theygotothezoo__________bus
A.on;onB.on;byC.by;byD.by;on
()17.Tomis___________American.Nowheis___________Shanghai.
A.from;inB.in;fromC.in;inD.from;from
()18.---Wereyou________homeor_________theshop?
---Iwas___________thecinema.
A.at;at;atB.in;in;in;C.at;on;atD.in;at;at
()19.Wecanlisten_________themusic__________home.
A.at;toB.on;atC.to;atD.to;in
()20.Wecannotlive___________air.
A.withB.withoutC.ofD.for
()21.Mymumalwayslooks_________mewhenIamill.
A.beforeB.afterC.onD.at
()22.Whatwouldyoulike____________dinner,Dad?
A.inB.atC.onD.for
()23.MeiLinghelpsherfriends_________theirEnglish.
A.withBbyC.forD.in
()24.Australiaisquitedifferent__________Englandinweather.
A.atB.fromC.forD.on
at,in,on,above,over,below,under,by,near,
infrontof,inthefrontof,between,among,behind,beside
(三)选择正确的介词或介词词组填空,每个只能使用一次。
1.Look,therearesomebirdssinging__________thetree.
2.MaryandMayaredrawingpictures__________thetree.
3.It'scold.Pleasecomeandsit___________thefire!
4.Pleasesignyourname_____________theline.
5.Balloonsareflying___________thetown.
6.Mrs.Brownoftendoessomeshopping____________Saturdayafternoon.
7.MissGreenissitting___________studentsofClassThree.
8.IamtallerthanJim,soIsit__________him.
9.Thecinemais____________hereLet'swalkthere.
10.Thereisabookshelf__________thedesk.
11.It'ssevenintheevening.TheBrownsarehavingdinner__________thetable.
12.Ourteacherisstanding____________theclassroom.Heisspeakingtous.
13.Don'tstand___________thecar.It'sdangerous.
14.Themountainisover4,000meters_____________sealevel.
15.Thereisabench___________thetwotrees.
三、巩固提高
(一)用适当的介词填空。
1.Let’shurry,we’relate__________theclass.
2.LiuTaoispassingtheball___________David.
3.Who’sthewoman___________theredscarf?
4.Ourclassroomis___________theteachers’office.
5.Look___________thepicture.Whoisthegirl__________themanandthewoman.
6.Canyoureadthenumber_____________one__________ten?
7.Go___________thestreet,turnrightatthefirstcrossing.
8.Whatcanyousee___________thetree?
Somepeaches.
9.Mr.Wangisill.He’s__________home.
10.Here’saletter_________FangMing.Letmereadittoyou.
(二)选择题。
()1.Thegirlwasborn__________the4thofJune,1993.
A.onB.inC.atD.for
()2.Therearemanytalltrees__________thebuilding.
A.atfrontofB.infrontofC.inthefrontofD.infront
()3.HowcanIspeakit__________Japanese?
A.fromB.forC.atD.in
()4.Thankyou___________givingmesomuchhelp.
A.toB.forC.withD.in
()5.Listen__________thetapecarefully!
Don’ttalk.
A.toB.atC.forD.about
()6.Whynotplayfootball_________us?
What’swrong_________you?
A.with,forB.for,withC.with,withD.for,for
()7.Yourmotheriscooking.Youshouldstayaway__________thekitchen.
A.fromB.toC.forD.with
()8.Childrenlikedressing____________________costumesatHalloween.
A.up,onB.in,upC.in,/D.up,in
()9.What____playingbasketballorswimming?
A.aboutB.withC.forD.on
()10.Weshouldn’tplay____candlesbecauseit’sdangerous.
A.fourB.toC.withD.at
()11.Who’sthelady______blue?
A.inB.onC.atD.with
()12.Therearemanykinds__________clouds.
A.inB.forC.of
()13.Ilikesitting________thefireinwinter.
A.byB.atC.on
()14.Mikegottoschool_______halfpastseventhismorning.
A.inB.onC.at
()15.Kenisgoingtohaveaparty______nextSunday.
A.inB.onC./
()16.Whatdidyouhave______lunch?
A.with