春高中英语选修8 unit 1 Warming UpReading.docx

春高中英语选修8 unit 1 Warming UpReading.docx

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春高中英语选修8unit1WarmingUpReading

ThereareagreatmanyfamouscitiesintheUSA，oneofwhichisthecityofBoston.BostonisoneoftheoldestAmericancities，witharicheconomicandsocialhistory.

Duringthe1980s，Bostongainedfameforitshightechnology，aswellasagoodplacetodevelopbusiness.Inrecentyears，manysourceshaverankedBostonamongthebestlargecitiesinwhichtoliveintheUS.FogiscausedbyBoston’sclosenesstowater.Rainisfrequentinspringandsummer，whilesnowfallsregularlyinwinter，makingBostononeofthenation’swettestcities.Thecityexperiencedabooming（迅速发展的）periodaroundthemid-1800s，helpedbytheinventionoftherailroad.Amongthenewindustrieswasthemakingofshoesandotherleathergoodswhichuntilrecentlyisamainstay（支柱）oftheBostoneconomy.Boston’spopulationremainedlargelyEnglishmenuntilthemid-1800s，whenthefirstwavesofEuropeanimmigrants（移民）begantoarrive.

Bostonians’breakfastsaremostlyeggs.Ontheweekends，peoplefromteninthemorningtothreeintheafternoonusuallygotosomegoodcafestohavebrunch（brunch＝breakfast＋lunch），sotheycancutoffthebreakfast.Sometimestheywillalsohavewine.InBoston，CoffeeShopsareopen24hours，supplyingyouwithdeliciousfoods，anditalsohascheappricesbutverygoodtastingkidsmeals.Ifyou’reinBoston，youwillhavetotastethefreshseafood.Ateverycafe/restaurant，youareabletoenjoyyourmeal，andalsoitcanbeevenbetterthaneatingathome.TheBostonMarathonistheworld’soldestannualmarathonandtheBostonAthleticAssociationmanagesthisAmericanclassic.

阅读短文，判断正（T）误（F）

1．ThepeoplelivinginBostonareallfromEurope.（F）

2．BostonisoneofthewettestandoldestcitiesintheUSA.（T）

PeriodOne　WarmingUp&Reading—Pre-reading

匹配左边的单词与右边的汉语意思

[第一组]

1．distinct　　　　　　A．苦难；困苦

2．means　　　　　　B．选择；决定做某事；选举某人

3．majorityC．手段；方法

4．hardshipD．清晰的；明显的；明确的

5．electE．大多数；大半

答案　1.D　2.C　3.E　4.A　5.B

[第二组]

6．federalA．人种的；种族的

7．percentageB．联邦制的；联邦政府的

8．boomC．飞行器；航空器；飞机

9．aircraftD．（人口、贸易的）繁荣

10．racialE．百分比；百分率

答案　6.B　7.E　8.D　9.C　10.A

Ⅰ.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?

A．ThepopulationofCalifornia.

B．VariouspeopleinCalifornia.

C．WhyCaliforniaisthemostmulticulturalstate.

D．ThelanguagespokenbyCalifornians.

答案　C

Ⅱ.Dividethepassageintothreepartsandthenmatchthemainideawitheachpart.

1．Part1（Para.1）　　A．ThehistoryofsettlementinCalifornia

2．Part2（Paras.2—9）B．ThefutureofCalifornia

3．Part3（Para.10）C．AbriefintroductiontoCalifornia

答案　1.C　2.A　3.B

1．WhichofthefollowingaboutNativeAmericansisNOTtrue?

A．TheyweretreatedbadlybytheEuropeans.

B．Mostofthemdiedbecausetherewasnotenoughfood.

C．TheywerebelievedtohavegottoAmericabymeansofalandbridge.

D．MoreNativeAmericansliveinCaliforniathaninanyotherstatetoday.

答案　B

2．In1848，peoplewenttoCaliforniainorderto.

A．escapetheAmerican-Mexicanwar

B．achievetheirdreamsofbecomingrich

C．avoidbeinginfectedwiththediseasesintheirhometowns

D．developthelandtheyboughtinCalifornia

答案　B

3．Fromthetext，weknowthatChineseimmigrants.

A．cametoCaliforniaaftertheGoldRushPeriod

B．playedrolesinthebuildingoftherailnetworkinAmerica

C．establishedatownoftheirownin1911

D．liveonlyinthe“Chinatowns”ofSanFrancisconow

答案　B

4．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A．Thecustomsandlanguagesofimmigrantswilldisappearintheirnewhome.

B．ScientistshavefoundexactlywhenthefirstpeoplegottoCalifornia.

C．RussianshavelivedinCaliforniaformorethan200years.

D．Inthe1980s，thecomputerindustryattractedKoreanstoCalifornia.

答案　C

Afterreadingthepassage，pleasefillinthefollowingblanks.

Californiaisthethird1.largest（large）stateintheUSAwiththelargestpopulation.Italsohasthe2.distinction（distinct）ofbeingthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA，havingattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.Thecustomsandlanguagesoftheimmigrantslive3.on/uponintheirnewhome.However，noonereallyknowswhenthefirstsettlersarrivedin4.whatwenowknowasCalifornia.ScientistsbelievethattheNativeAmericansreachedAmerica5.bymeansofalandbridge.Inthe18thcenturyCaliforniawasruledbySpain.OfthefirstSpanish6.togo（go）toCalifornia，themajoritywerereligiousmen.In1848，goldwasdiscoveredinCaliforniaandthedreamof7.becoming（become）richquicklyattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.Infact，fewachievedtheirdreamofbecomingrich，butmostremainedinCalifornia8.tomake（make）alifeforthemselves.Inmorerecentdecades，CaliforniahasbecomehometomorepeoplefromAsia.It9.isbelieved（believe）thatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajor10.racial（race）orculturalgroups.

1．ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.

[句式分析]　此句为主从复合句，that引导宾语从句；which引导定语从句，修饰alandbridge。

[自主翻译]　科学家们认为，这些移民通过史前存在的大陆桥穿越北极的白令海峡到达美洲。

2．OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia，themajoritywerereligiousmen，whoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.

[句式分析]　此句为主从复合句，themajoritywerereligiousmen是主句；whoseministry引导非限制性定语从句。

不定式togotoCalifornia作后置定语，修饰thefirstSpanish。

[自主翻译]　在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大多数是宗教人士，他们的职责是向当地人传授天主教。

3．AlthoughChineseimmigrantsbegantoarriveduringtheGoldRushPeriod，itwasthebuildingoftherailnetworkfromthewesttotheeastcoastthatbroughtevenlargernumberstoCaliforniainthe1860s.

[句式分析]　此句为主从复合句，although引导让步状语从句，主句为“itwas＋被强调部分＋that...”的强调结构。

[自主翻译]　虽然中国移民在淘金热时期开始涌入加州，但在19世纪60年代，正是西海岸至东海岸铁路网的建设为加州带来了更多的移民。

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

WheninIreland，doastheIrishdo.Andwhenitcomestofoodanddrink，besuretotrytheselocalspecialities（地方特色菜）．

（1）BakedHam

Definitelynotapoor-man’sdish，thetraditionalIrishhamwascoatedwithsugar，dressedwithcloves（丁香），thenbakeduntilcrispontheoutside，tenderontheinside.Generallyitisservedwithboiledcabbageandcookedorfriedpotatoes.Itisnoteverydayfood，evenforthewell-to-do，butbargainscanbehadatsomepubrestaurants.

（2）SmokedSalmon

Themostpopularwaytoenjoysalmonissmoked，eitheronbreadwithegg，orsimplyonitsownwithasaladontheside.Farmedsalmoncanberatherordinary；theflavorofwildsalmontendtobebetter.Unfortunatelythepriceofwildsalmontendstobesignificantlyhigheraswell.

（3）DublinCoddle

DublinersofteneatthisonSaturdaynightsbeforetheygoout.Itisagoodbasicdishmadeofchoppedsausageandbaconcookedwithonionsandpotatoesinbeefstock.Itisalsoeasytomakeinquantity，andcanbereheatedthenextday.

（4）SoupoftheDay

Advertisednearlyeverywhere，itisusuallyservedwithbreadandbutter，andisaverygoodvalueforalunchtimesnack.InatypicalIrishwaythequestion，“Whatisthesoupoftheday？

”will，ninetimesoutoften，beansweredwithashrugandtheword，“Vegetable.”Potluck（家常菜）istheorderoftheday.

1．Whichofthefollowingisusuallycookedandeatenonweekends?

A．BakedHam.B．SmokedSalmon.

C．DublinCoddle.D．SoupoftheDay.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。

根据第三道菜首句“DublinersofteneatthisonSaturdaynightsbeforetheygoout.”可知答案为C。

2．Theunderlinedphraseinthelastparagraphprobablymeans“”．

A．scarcelyB．usually

C．fortunatelyD．unluckily

答案　B

解析　词义猜测题。

根据最后一句“Potluck（家常菜）istheorderoftheday.”可知，家常菜自然是“经常、频繁”食用的。

故选B。

3．AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPTthat.

A．BakedHamisusuallyeatenbytherich

B．SoupoftheDayisthemostcommondishofthefour

C．thepriceofwildsalmonismuchlowerthanthatoffarmedsalmon

D．DublinCoddlecanbecookedinquantity

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。

根据第二道菜可知，野生的鲑鱼比养殖的价格要高得多，故选C项。

B

Englishteenagerswillreceivecookinglessonsinschools.Theideaistoencouragehealthyeatingtosolvetheproblemthatmanypeopleareoverweight.Also，itworriespeoplethatbasiccookingandfoodpreparationskillsarebeinglostbecauseparentsusetoomuchpre-preparedfastfood.

CookingwasonceregardedasanimportantpartofeducationinEngland—evenifitwasmainlyaimedatgirls.Inrecentyearscookinghasbecomelessimportantinschools.Buttherisinglevelofobesityhasledtorethinkingaboutthefoodthatchildrenaregivenandtheskillstheyshouldbetaught.

“Whatwewantistoteachyoungpeoplehowtodobasic，simplemeals，whichtheycanusenowathomeandthenintheirlife，”saidEdBalls，aneducationexpert.

ThenewlessonswillstartinSeptember，butsomeschoolswithoutkitchenswillbegivenalongertimetoprepare.Also，theremaybeashortageofteacherswiththerightskills，sinceschoolshavebeenteachingfoodtechnologyratherthanpracticalcooking.Besides，thelessonsforhand-oncookingwillonlybeonehouraweekforoneterm.Butthewell-knowncookerywriter，PruLeith，believesitwillbeworthit.

“Ifwe’ddonethisthirtyyearsagowemightnothavetofacetheproblemaboutobesity（肥胖）andlackofknowledgeaboutfoodandsoon.Everychildshouldknowhowtocook，notjustsothatthey’llbehealthy，butbecauseit’salifeskillwhichisarealpleasure.”

Therenewedinterestincookingisanefforttoreducetheobesityrate，whichisalmostthehighestinEurope，andaccordingtothegovernment，halfofallBritishpeoplewillbeobesein25yearsifcurrenttrendsarenothalted.

语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在英国学校里烹饪课是一门必修课，这有助于健康饮食，有这样的手艺可以享受人生，从而少生病。

4．Thepassagemainlytalksabout.

A．thereasonforobesity

B．thelostcookingskills

C．thehealthyeating

D．thecookingclasses

答案　D

解析　主旨大意题。

本文在第一段第一句点出主题：

Englishteenagerswillreceivecookinglessonsinschools.下文介绍了在学校里开设烹饪课的背景、原因和好处。

故这篇文章主要讲的是烹饪课程。

5．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheaim