英语听力入门第三册第九单元.docx
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英语听力入门第三册第九单元
Unit9Architecture
PartⅠWarmingup
A:
keywords:
imperial
paneling
frame
ceiling
spire
Vocabulary:
coffer
ornate
opulent
guilder
fresco
chandelier
catacomb
urn
jumble
Versailles
SchonbrunnPalace
Rococo
GreatGallery
St.Stephen’sCathedral
ImperialBurialVaults
KapuzinerChurch
Hofburg
Braoque
Gothic
Renaissance
Tapescript:
Forhundredsofyears,ithasbeenanimperialcapitalofEurope.ItsrulersraidedtheWesternworldtoenrichthecoffersoftheempire.Theyspenttheirwealthonmagnificentpalacesandgrandpublicbuildings.TheybuiltanoperahousethatrivalsanyinEurope.Theyfoundedgreatmuseumsandlibraries.Theyconstructedmassive,ornategovernmentbuildings.Andtheyraisedopulentpalacesforthemselves.AtourofViennaisatourofthesemonumentstoexcess.
TakeSchonbrunnPalace,forinstance.ThePalace’sMillionRoom,namedafterthecostofthedecorations---1millionguilders,isaRococomasterpiece.Insetinthepanelingare260rareminiaturesofIndo-Persianheritage.Theframesarerealgoldleaf,andpanelingispreciouswood.
TheGreatGallery,modeledafteraroominVersaillesnearParis,has35-footceilingsgracedwithgiantfrescoesboastingofthepoweroftheAustralianarmy.Massivecrystalchandeliersreflectinthewallofmirrors,trimmedingoldleaf.
ThelistofothersightstoseeinViennaislong.St.Stephen’sCathedraldominatestheskylineofOldTown,themedievalsectionofthecity.Itsmainspiresoars450feetintothesky,andthetopcanbereachedbyclimbing343steps.Thecathedralwasbeguninthe12thcentury.
InthecatacombsbeneaththecathedralarecopperurnscontainingtheintestinesofdeceasedHabsburgs.theirbodiesareinornatecasketsintheImperialBurialVaultsintheKapuzinerChurchafewblocksaway,andcanbevisited.
TheOldTownisafascinatingplacetowalk.Mostofthenarrowstreetshavebeenturnedintopedestrianmallslinedwithshops,coffeehousesandrestaurants.Inonesection,theoriginalRomanruinsunderthestreetscanbeseenbygoingtoanundergroundmuseum.
TheNaturalHistoryMuseumandtheMuseumofFineArtsoccupymatchingbuildingsonMariaTherasaPlaza,asmallsquareacrossfromtheHofburg.HofburgistheHabsburg’sintownpalace.Itisbig,with2,600rooms,butnotornate.Hofburgisajumbleofbuildingsconstructedatdifferenttimesandindifferentstyles,fromBaroque,GothicandClassicaltoRenaissanceandRococo.Itsoldestpartsdatefromthe13thcentury,butmostwerebuiltfromthe1700son.
B.keywords:
mainentrance
transparency
contrast
Vocabulary:
complement
continuity
PalaisduLouvre
GlassPyramid
B1.
ThePalaisduLouvre:
●Location:
heartofParis
●Beginningyearofconstruction:
1527
●Timewhenfirstusedasapublicartgallery:
1793
TheLouvePyramid:
●Disigner:
IeohMingPei
●Use:
themainentrancetothePalaisduLouvre
●Height:
21m
●Width:
33m
●Materials:
steeltubes,cables,sheetglass
●Yearofcompletion:
1988
Tapescript:
ThePalaisduLouvrestandsattheheartofParis,andhousesoneoftheworld’sgreatestcollectionsoftheworksofart.Theoriginalpalacedatesfrom1527,anditwasextendedandaddedtooverthenextfourcenturies.Itwasfirstusedasapublicartgalleryin1793.In1981,theChinese-AmericanarchitectIeohMingPeiwascommissionedtoredevelopthepublicpartoftheLouvreandcreatemorespaceforreceptionareasandservices.HedesignedthefamousGlassPyramid,whichservesasthemainentrancetothebuilding,leadingundergroundtothemuseumandartgallery.ThePyramidis21metershighand33meterswide,andusesacombinationofsteeltubes,cablesandsheetglass.Itwascompletedin1988,andquicklybecameamajortouristattractioninitsownright.
B2.
1.ShelikestheLouvrePyramidbecauseofthetransparency,andithasalighteffect.
2.ShelikestheLouvrePyramidforitscontrastofshapes.ItemphasizesthebeautyoftheLouvre.
3.ShethinkstherightthingistoputsomethingsocontradictorytotheLouvre.Theystandindialoguewitheachotherandtheydon’ttrytocomplementeachother.
4.ShethinksitwouldhavebeenthebiggestmistaketotrytobuildsomethingsimilartotheLouvre.
Tapescript:
IliketheLouvrePyramidbecauseofitstransparency,becauseyoucanjustlookthroughit,andithasaverylighteffect.Itisnotheavyanditismadeofglass,andsoitlookslikealightobject.AndIlikeitforitscontrastofshapes,becauseitissuchacontrasttotheLouvrebuildingthatinfactitdoesn’tinterferewiththebeautyoftheLouvre.andintheeveningwhenthispyramidislighted,it’sjustasourceoflighttoputtheLouvreintoanewlight.Andthisahsformealsoasymbolicmeaning.Anditissuchanunexpectedshapeinthisurbancontext,justtouseatraditionalshapeofapyramidbuiltinnewmaterialswithnewtechnologies,high-tech,andsoon,thatitisacompletelysurprisingeffect.Sothatpeoplegetshockedbyitortheylikeit,butthereisnobodywhowouldbeuninvolvedorwhocouldjustpassandnotnoticethisbuilding.Soit’ssomethingyouhavetolookat.AndIthinkthisisalsoveryimportantinbuilding,andcreatingsomethinginthecities,andexactlyforexampleclosetothesehistoricalbuildingswhicharesucha…theyaresosensitivetopicsthatnobodydarestotouchthem.Ithinktherightthingisreallytoputsomethingsocontradictorytoitthattheystandindialoguewitheachotherrandtheydon’teventrytocompleteeachother.BecauseitwouldhavebeenthebiggestmistaketotrytobuildsomethingsimilartotheLouvre,toputabuildingwhichwouldcopytheLouvre,toputabuildingwhichwouldcopytheLouvre,becauseitwouldjustmeanthatwedon’tliveincontinuity,thearchitecturestandstillonthelevelofthe17thcentury,andthatwouldbealie.
PartⅡEco-consciousconstruction
A.
keywords:
globalwarming
heatwave
multipartinitiative
sustainabledesign
greenhouse
Vocabulary:
outage
besiege
erratic
devastating
insulation
contractor
retrofit
swelter
thrive
Tennessee
Short-termmeasures:
●Releasing$100milliontothe11hotteststates
●Providingnewcrisisassistancetolow-incomefamilies:
a.repairingandreplacingair-conditionersandfans
b.installinginsulation
c.givingadviceonthebestwaytokeephomescool
Long-termmeasures:
MultipartinitiativeforFederalGovernment:
●Retrofittingfederalbuildingsandotherfacilitieswiththebestenergy-savingtechnology
●Replacingconventionallightbulbsandfixtureswithmoreefficientfluorescents
●BringingexistingbuildingsuptoEPA’s“EnergyStar”standardofenergyefficiency
●Adopting“sustainabledesign”guidelinestoreduceenergyuse
Tapescript:
Goodmorning.Thisyear,we’veseenadisturbingstringofweather-relatedemergenciesallaroundourcountry,fromflashfloodsinTennesseetowildfiresinFlorida,toicestormslastwinterinNewEngland.Thissummer,recordheatanddroughtaretakingaterriblehumantoll,destroyingcrops,causingpoweroutages,andworstofall,takinglives.JustsinceJune,morethan130peoplehavediedbecauseoftheheat.
Certainly,thelatestElNinoispartlytoblameforthesevereweatherconditionsthathavebesiegedsomanycommunities.Butgrowingevidencesuggeststhatextremeanderraticweatherwe’reseeinginAmericaandaroundtheworldisbeingintensifiedbyglobalwarming.
Considerthis:
1997wasthewarmestyearnrecord,and1998isontracktobreakthatrecord.Fiveofthehottestyearsinhistory---thefivehottestyearshavealloccurredinthe1990s.ScientistspredictthatJulymaybethehottestmonthsincemankindbeganrecodingtemperatures.Theworld’sleadingclimateexpertspredictevenmoreextremeweatherunlesswereversethisdangerouswarmingtrend.
We’redoingeverythingwecanintheshort-termtohelpcommunitiescopewiththisdevastatingheatwave.Thisweek,Ireleased$100millioninemergencyfundstothe11hotteststates.Today,I’mpleasedtoannouncethatheDepartmentofEnergywillbeginprovidingnewcrisisassistancetolow-incomefamilies,repairingandreplacingair-conditionersandfans,installinginsulation,andgivingadviceonthebestwaytokeephomescoolinthisextremeheat.
Buttomeetthelong-termchallengeofglobalwarming,wemustdomore.Wemustalldoourparttoprotecttheenvironment,andasthenation’slargestenergyconsumer,thefederalgovernmentmustlead.Atmydirection,we’reundertakingamultipartinitiativetoputourownhouseinorder.Today,I’mpleasedtoannouncethefirstfourpartsofthisplan,aimedatincreasingtheefficiencyoffederalbuildings.
First,I’mdirectingfederalagenciestoworkmorecloselywithprivatecontractorstoretrofitfederalbuildingsandotherfacilitieswiththebestenergy-savingtechnologyatnocosttotax-payers.Second,we’llreplacehundredsofthousandsofconventionallightbulbsandfixtureswithmoreefficientfluorescents,whichwillpaybackinenergysavingsnearlyfivetimeswhattheycosttoinstall.Third,I’mdirectingallagenciestoworktowardbringingtheirexistingbuildingsuptoEPA’s“EnergyStar”standardofenergyefficiency.Andfourth,theEnergyDepartment,theDefenseDepartmentandsixotherfederalagencieswilladopt“sustainabledesign”guidelinesforallnewfederalbuildingstoreducetheirenergyuse.
Now,togetherthesemeasureswillsavetaxpayersasmuchas$1billionayearinenergycosts.They’llhelptojump---startmarketsfornewtechnologies,andthey’llprotectourenvironmentbyreducinggreenhousegasemissions.
Asswel
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