太原市最新 高考英语 阅读理解练习题.docx

太原市最新 高考英语 阅读理解练习题.docx

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太原市最新高考英语阅读理解练习题

太原市最新高考英语阅读理解练习题

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   "Whensomeoneisrudetoyou,itcanputyouinabadmood.Itmayevenleadyoutoberudetosomeoneelse,creatingachainofrudeness.Infact,thistroublingchainmayevenbecausedbysimplyseeingsomeoneberudetoanotherperson.Youdon'tevenhavetobethetargetofthehadbehavior,"statedaresearcher.

   Theresearchersworkedwith81persons,withoccupationsrangingfromsecuritytobusinesstomedicine,whowereaskedtocompleteonlinesurveysovera10-dayperiod.Participantsrecordedtheirmoodswhentheywokeup;andintheevening,theydescribedtheirexperiencesoverthecourseofthatday.

   Eachmorningtheparticipantsalsoviewedashortvideo,describingworkplaceinteractionofsomekind.Halfofthemornings,thevideoincludedsomekindofrudenesswhiletheotherhalfhadsomekindofwarminteractionintheworkplace.Rudenesswasconveyedthroughvariousmeans,includingalackofeyecontactorunpleasantlanguage.

   Participantswhowatchedtherudenessvideosreportedseeingorexperiencingrudenessduringtheday,andtheywerealsomorelikelytoescapefromfellowemployeestoavoidbeingthevictimsofrudenessthemselves.Theyreportedtheiroverallworksufferedthatdayasaresult.

   Notallparticipantswereaffectedbytherudenessvideos,however.Afewweeksbeforethestudybegan,theparticipantscompletedanevaluationthatmeasuredtheirself-confidenceandemotionalstabilityamongotherthings.Theparticipantswhoscoredhigheronthisevaluationweresignificantlylesslikelytobeinfluencedbytherudeness.

   Consequently,oneoftheresearchersrecommendedthatcompanieshiremanagerswhocanlimitexposuretorudeness,provideplentyofpositivereinforcement（强化）andbuildacivilworkplaceenvironment.This,inturn,couldhelpemployeesbuildtheirconfidencelevelsandhelpthembetterhandleworkplacerudeness.

（1）WhatisParagraph1intendedtoshow?

A. Thepopularityofrudeness.                             B. Aregularcauseofrudeness.

C. Anewfindingaboutrudeness.                       

D. Thecommondisadvantageofrudeness.

（2）Whyaretheshortvideosplayedfortheparticipants?

A. Tomakethemspreadrudeness.

B. Toeducatethemonworkplaceinteraction.

C. Toexposethemtovariousaspectsofrudeness.

D. Toteachthemhowtouserightbodylanguages.

（3）Whatistheprobableeffectofwatchingthevideosonsomeparticipants?

A. Beingunwillingtowork.                                 

B. Poorabilitytodotheirwork.

C. Seriousemotionalsufferings.                          D. Lessinteractionwithothers.

（4）Whomaynotbeaffectedbytherudenessvideos?

A.Peoplepositiveandkindtothemselves.

B.Peoplekeepingcalminstressfulsituations.

C.Peopleowningconfidenceinothers'ability.

D.Peopleparticipatingintherudenessexperiment.

【答案】

（1）C

（2）C

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，关于“无礼”行为作为一种“传染性”行为是可以避免的。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Youdon'tevenhavetobethetargetofthebadbehavior”你甚至不必成为不良行为的目标，可知，第一段前半部分在描述了这种无礼行为的“传染性”之后，是在引出一项关于这种行为的新发现。

故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“Eachmorningtheparticipantsalsoviewedashortvideo,describingworkplaceinteractionofsomekind.”每天早上，参与者还观看了一段描述某种工作场所互动的短视频；第四段中的“Participantswhowatchedtherudenessvideosreportedseeingorexperiencingrudenessduringtheday…”观看了无礼视频的参与者报告称，他们在白天看到或经历了无礼行为……和第五段中的“Notallparticipantswereaffectedbytherudenessvideos,however.”然而，并不是所有的参与者都受到了粗鲁视频的影响。

可知，让参与者观看视频是为了让他们受到更多的影响而研究他们的情绪变化。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“Participantswhowatchedtherudenessvideosreportedseeingorexperiencingrudenessduringtheday,andtheywerealsomorelikelytoescapefromfellowemployeestoavoidbeingthevictimsofrudenessthemselves.Theyreportedtheiroverallworksufferedthatdayasaresult.”观看了无礼视频的参与者报告称，他们在白天看到或经历了无礼行为，而且他们也更有可能逃离同事，以免自己成为无礼行为的受害者。

他们报告说，他们的整体工作因此受到影响。

可知，一些参与者在观看视频之后会逃避与人交流以免成为受影响者。

故选D。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据第五段中的“Afewweeksbeforethestudybegan,theparticipantscompletedanevaluationthatmeasuredtheirself-confidenceandemotionalstabilityamongotherthings.Theparticipantswhoscoredhigheronthisevaluationweresignificantlylesslikelytobeinfluencedbytherudeness.”在研究开始前几周，参与者完成了一项评估，评估内容包括他们的自信心和情绪稳定性等。

在这项评估中得分较高的参与者受粗鲁行为影响的可能性明显较低。

可知，不易受到影响的人较为冷静沉着。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Doyouknowthatjunkfoodisn'thealthy?

Ofcourseyoudo!

Doyoueatitanyway?

Ofcourseyoudo!

Butanewstudyshowsteachingadolescentsaboutthewaysfoodcompaniesfoolthemintothinkingjunkfoodiscoolcanencouragekidstofightback—byeatinghealthier.

   Thepullofjunkfoodcanbesuper-strong.It'sdesignedtotasty;whichmakeseatingwelloneofthegreathealthchallengesofourtime.Everyonefromdoctorstothegovernmenthasbeentryingtohandleit.Yetwekeepeatingjunkfood.

   ProfessorChristopherBryansays,"Foodcompanieswantyoutowantjunkfood."Theyspendmillionsofdollarscomingupwithnewwaysto^promotejunkfoodconsumption.Theyhirescientiststomakenewjunkfoodalmostirresistible.Theymightdothis,forexample,byaddingmoresugar.Ratsfedjunkfoodforsixweekswillevenwalkacrossafloorthatgivesthemelectricshocksjusttogetmoreofsuchfood.

   Foodadsoftenmakeunhealthyjunkfoodseemhealthybyfeaturingprofessionalathletes,fit-lookingpopstarsandsmiling,activeteens."Wethoughtwhenthestudentslearnedthis,itwouldmattertothem,"Bryansays.Heworkedwith8thgradersataTexasschool.HalfofthemgotalessonBryancreated.Itfocusedonthewaysjunkfoodisadvertised,ormarketed.Asecondgroupreceivedlessonsthatfocusedonhealth.Theselessonsinformedstudentsjunkfoodishad,andthatfoodslikeapplesorcarrotsareabetterchoice.Thestudentslearnedabaddietcanleadtomajorweightgain,andthatbeingoverweightputspeopleatriskforseriousdiseases.Theyalsolearnedhoweatingwellnowcankeepyouhealthywhenyou'reolder.

   Afterthelessons,thekidsinbothgroupswereaskedhowtheyfeltaboutjunkfood.Mostdidn'thavepositivefeelingsabouttheseunhealthyfoods.

（1）Whydoestheauthormentionthequestionsinparagraph1?

A. Toexpresshisdoubtsaboutjunkfood.          B. Topromotetheideaofhealthyeating.

C. Todescribethesituationofjunkfood.           D. Tointroducethetopicfordiscussion.

（2）Whatremainsagreathealthchallengetodoctors?

A. Makingpeopledomoreexercise.                  

B. Makingpeopleeathealthily.

C. Makingpeopleloseweight.                            D. Makingpeoplepreferjunkfood.

（3）Whatmessagedoesparagraph3mainlytrytoconvey?

A. Whatmakesjunkfoodalmostimpossibletoresist.

B. Whatinfluencesjunkfoodcanhaveonconsumers.

C. Howfoodcompaniestrytogetpeopletoreachforjunkfood.

D. Whyfoodcompaniespromotetheconsumptionofjunkfood.

（4）WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeBryan'slessons?

A. Shocking.                          

B. Popular.                          

C. Effective.                          

D. Abstract.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明：

让青少年了解食品公司的推销方式比单纯告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能让他们选择健康的饮食。

（1）考查推理判断。

纵观全文可知本文介绍了一项研究：

让青少年了解食品公司的推销方式比单纯告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能让他们选择健康的饮食。

可以推断出，文章第一段中提及那两个问题Doyouknowthatjunkfoodisn'thealthy?

你知道垃圾食品不健康吗？

Doyoueatitanyway?

你仍然还吃垃圾食品？

是为了引出本文要讨论的话题。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“It'sdesignedtobetasty,whichmakeseatingwelloneofthegreathealthchallengesofourtime.Everyonefromdoctorstothegovernmenthasbeentryingtohandleit.”可知，垃圾食品很美味，这使吃得好成为一个巨大的健康挑战，从医生到政府每一个人都一直在努力应对这一挑战。

由此可知，对医生而言，让人们吃得健康依然是一个巨大的健康挑战。

故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中先提到“食品公司想要消费者想吃垃圾食品”，紧接着说到“它们（食品公司）花巨资想办法推广垃圾食品，它们聘请科学家制作新的垃圾食品，使人们几乎无法抗拒”，接着还举例说“它们可能会往垃圾食品中添加更多的糖”。

由此可以推断，作者在本段主要是想告诉读者食品公司是如何想方设法让人们去吃垃圾食品的。

故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第四段主要介绍Bryan给德克萨斯州的一所学校的八年级学生们上的课，再根据文章最后一段Afterthelessons,thekidsinbothgroupswereaskedhowtheyfeltaboutjunkfood.Mostdidn'thavepositivefeelingsabouttheseunhealthyfoods.可知，课后当这些孩子被问及他们对垃圾食品的看法时，大多数人对这些不健康的食品都不持正面的看法。

由此可以推断，Bryan的课是有效的。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   OurplanwastodriveintoCambridge,catchthe7:

34traintoLiverpoolStreetStation,thentoseparateandmeetagainforlunch.WeshouldhavearrivedatLiverpoolat9:

19,butduetoatypicalLondonfog,thetrainhadtomovealongsoslowlythatitwasnotuntil10:

30thatitgotthere.Inspiteofourlatearrival,Joan,mywife'ssister,decidedthatshewouldgotoseetheCrownJewelsintheTowerofLondonwhilewewentshopping.Itwasonlyafterhersisterhaddisappearedintothefogthatmywiferealizedthatwehadn'tdecidedwhereweshouldmeetforlunch.SinceIhadourthreeticketsfortheconcertinmypocket,thiswasindeedaproblem.ThereseemedtobenothingwecoulddoexcepttakingataxitotheTowerofLondon,andtrytofindherthere.Needlesstosay,wedidn'tfindher.

   Itwasnowoneo'clock,andtheconcertbeganat2:

30."Perhapsshewillthinkofwaitingoutsidetheconcerthall,"suggestedmywifehopefully.Bythistimethefogwassothickthatroadtraffichadtostop,andtheonlywaytogettherewasbyundergroundrailway.Handinhandwefeltourwayalongtheroadtowherewethoughttheneareststationshouldbe.Anhourlaterwewerestilltryingtofindit.JustasIwasabouttolosemytempercompletelywhenwemetablindmantappinghiswayconfidentlythroughthefog.WithhishelpwefoundTowerHilltubestationjustfiftyyardsdowntheroad.

   Bynowitwasfartoolateeventotrytogettotheconcerthallbeforetheperformancebeganat2:

30,sowedecidedtoreturnt