产房操作程序.docx

产房操作程序.docx

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产房操作程序

TRAINER’SGUIDE

FOR

FARROWING.

COURSEOUTLINESFOR:

1.………………………FeedingandWatering

2.

3.……Pre–FarrowingandPost–Farrowing

4.

5.……………………………………Processing

6.

7.……………………………………..Fostering

8.

9.…………………MedicationandTreatment

10.

11.………………………..WeaningProcedures

12.

13.…………………….WashingandSanitation

14.

15.………………………………..Miscellaneous

16.

1.FEEDINGANDWATERING.

2.

Feedingisaveryimportantpartoffarrowinghousemanagement.Feedconsumptionmustbemonitoredcloselyeverydayforeachsow.Someofthethingsthatfeedingcanaffectare:

.Easeoffarrowing–Overfeedingpriortofarrowingcancausedeliveryproblemsandearlymilkingproblems.

.MilkProduction–Increasingasowsfeedtooquickimmediatelyafterfarrowingornotfeedingenoughduringlactationcanreducemilkproduction.

.SowCondition–Sowsdrawfromtheirbodies’fatreservesduringlactation.Sowsthataretoothinatweaningoftenhaveproblemsre-breedingandconceiving.

.Health–Moldyorsourfeedcancausesowstogoofffeedorbecomesick.

FEEDINGSOWS–POST-FARROWING.

.Feedingtwiceaday（1.5kgperfeeding）allowsowstogetusedtothefarrowinghouseroutine.

CONSTIPATION.

.Alwayscheckwatersupplyifasowbecomesconstipated.

.Consideralaxativeifproblemcontinues.

FEEDINGSOWS–POST–FARROWING.

.Afterfarrowing,sowsshouldbefedaccordingtothefeedschedule.Thefeedscheduleisaguidelineonlyandsowsshouldbefedaccordingtotheirindividualneeds.

.Frequentfeedingallowssowstoconsumemorefoodduringlactation.

.Amountfedshouldbegraduallyincreaseduntilthesowsstopcleaninguptheirtroughs.

.Amountfedshouldbemaintaineduntilthesowscleanupthenincreaseagain.

.Donotdecreasefeedamountatpmfeeding–adjustatamfeeding.

.Sowsshouldalwaysbemadetogetupatfeedingtime:

1.toobservetheirpigs

2.

3.tochecktheirphysicalcondition

4.

5.toobservetheirappetite

6.

OFFFEED.

Sowsgoingofffeedareacommonproblem.Alwayscheckforotherproblemssuchlike:

.Cloggeddrinkernipple

.Mastitis

.Metritis

.Lameness

.Fever

.Moldyfeed

Ifnoneoftheseproblemsexist,herearesomethingstotry:

.Walksowaroundtheroom.

.Putcreepfeedinhertroughormakeagrueloutoffeedandwater.

.TreatwithAntibioticorVitamaster.

.Moveherouttotheboarbarnifshedoesnotstarteatingagainwithin3daysaftergoingofffeed（earlywean）.

WATERCONSUMPTION.

.Sowsmusthaveagoodsupplyofwateratalltimes.Drinkernipplesshoulddeliver2liters（qts.）perminute.

.Pregnantsowsdrinkabout8liters（qts.）perday.Lactatingsowswilldrink16–21liters（qts.）perday.

SIGNSOFDEHYDRATION.

1.Offfeed.

2.

3.Constipation.

4.

5.Milkdryingup.

6.

7.Death

8.

WEANDAY.

.Sowsshouldnotbefedonweaningdayinthefarrowinghouse.Theywillbefedinthebreedingbarn.

CREEPFEEDING.

Creepfeedingachievesthreethings:

.Itgetspigsaccustomedtodryfeed.

.Itimprovestheweightofthepigsatweaning.

.Itgetspigsofftoabetterstartandimprovesperformanceinthenursery.

.Startfeedinginthe2ndweekroom（approx.7daysofage）.

.Feedtwiceaday.

.Onlyfeedasmuchasthepigswillconsumein12–24hrs.

.Removewetorspoiledfeedbeforerefilling.Washfeederifneeded.

.Ifthepigsdevelopaliquidyelloworwhitescour,removecreepfeedaltogetheruntilproblemstops.Thenresumefeeding.

.Creepfeedisexpensive.Avoidwastingit.

3.PRE–FARROWINGANDPOST–farrowing.

4.

Pre–farrowing–Careofsowsandgilts.

.Movesowstofarrowing3-5dayspriortoduedate.

.Avoidstressinganimalswhenmoving–staycalm,especiallywithgilts!

SIGNSOFFARROWING.

Checkatleasttwiceaday（usuallyatfeeding）.

.Offfeed

.Panting

.Nervous

.Dilationofvulva

.Swollenudder–rednipples

.Canstripmilkfromnipples

.Rootingandpawing–buildinganest

.Grunting,sighing

.Vaginaldischarge（waterbreaks）

.Hikingrearleg–contractions

.Oncefarrowinghasstarted,checksowevery20–30minutes

.Recordtimeandnumberofpigseachtimeyoucheckonfeedchart

WHENTOSLEEVE–SIGNSOFDISTRESS.

.Whensowsshowconstantstraining,（30minutessincelastpigborn）

.Drypigs

.Stillborns

SLEEVINGSOWS.

.Sanitationisveryimportanttopreventmetritis

.Opengate

.Disinfectrearendandvulvawithdiluted,gentleiodinesolution

.Usecleansleevefromthebagorcarton,don’tputtheminyourpocketwheretheygetdustyetc.

.Lubesleeveandentersowwithouttouchinganythingelse

.Pullallyoucanreachatonce

USEOFOXYTOCIN.

.Injectinneck/aboveudderorbetweenanusandvulva.

.Alwayssleevesowfirsttocheckforblockageofbirthcanal

.Failuretodosocancausestillborns,prolapse,uterinerupture/internalbleeding

.2cc’sforfarrowing,1ccformilkletdowninneckor0.5ccaboveudderandbetweenanusandvulva（repearedafter30-60minutes）

POST–FARROWING,CAREOFSOWS.

.Sowsmustpasstheirafterbirthandallstillbornpigs

.Sleevesowfirsttocheckforblockageofbirthcanal

.Ifyoufeelasowhasretainedpigsorplacenta,followinstructionsabove.

.Sowshouldstartpushingwithin15minutes

.Duringwalkabout（firstthingam）,oxytocinshouldbegiventoeverysowthathasfinishedfarrowingtohelpcleanoutandimprovemilkletdown

DAILYCAREOFSOWS.

Eachsowshouldbecheckeddailyforseveralthings.

.Appetite

.Milkingability–appearanceofpigs

.Constipation

.Uddercondition

.Lameness

.Vaginaldischarge

.Generalappearance

5.PROCESSINGPIGS.

6.

NAVELCORDS.

Day1.

.Clipto2.5cms（1”）inlength

.Extremelylongcordscanhanginpitandactasawickforbacteriabeforetheydry.Spraywithiodine.

TATTOOEAR.

Day1.（trytoleavelitterfor12hourstohelpcolostrumintake）

.Identifiesindividualpigs

.Alwaystattooinleftear

.Checkbreedandnumberbeforestartingandstampfirsttattooforeachsequenceoftattoosusedonlittersheet

.Recordonwalkaboutsheet

IRONINJECTIONSANDTAILDOCKING.

Day4.

.Pigsarebornwitha2-3daysupplyofiron.Sowmilkdoesnothaveenoughtopreventanemia

.Administerironasrecommendedbythesourceofiron.

.Tilthead,pullskintight.Whenskinisreleased,itcoversinjectionholeinmusclesoirondoesnotleakout

.Checkneedlesforburrs/dullnesstopreventabscesses.Replaceneedlesperiodically（aftereachlitter）

.Taildockingreducestailbiting

.Iftailsaretoolongpigswillstillbite

.Iftailsaretooshort,itcancauserectalprolapse

.Cuttailsto2cms.（¾inch）inlength

.Cutslowlysothatwoundiscauterized

.Keepscreenandbladeclean

CASTRATING.

Day4.

.Castrateanynotchedmalepigletsnottattooedforbreedingstock

.Castratingpreventsboarodorinmeatofmarketpigs

.Checkforrupturebeforecutting.Onesidewillbebigger–intestinesfeel“squishy”

.Holdpigsecurely

.Presstesticlestightagainstscrotum.

.Cutthroughtheskinandtunic–alwayscutawayfromyourself

.Popouttesticleandpullstraightuptoavoidrupture

.Getallstringsandtissueoutoftheincision

.Puteartagintoridgling’sear

DIDIBOARS.

.Everymonth6Didiboarsaremade,

3LargeWhite

3Landrace

.UsuallydoneonaThursdayfromthesameroom

WHENFIRSTLEARNINGTHEABOVETECHNIQUES,CONCENTRATEONDOINGITCORRECTLYEVERYTIME…..SPEEDWILLCOMEWITHPRACTICE.

ItisimportanttorecordallbirthsanddeathsonSowcardsandwalkaboutsheet（forrecordingincomputer）.

Recordsow,boarandlitterinformationonlittercard.

Recordtattoonumbers,malesandfemales,colourandsignoffwhenprocessingjobsarecompleted.

DIDIBOARSELECTION.

.BoarswillbeselectedfromsmalllittersofLWorLRastheseindividualswillbenotchedattattooing.

.Boarswillbeepididimizedat2weeksofage.

.Fertilitywillbecheckedwhentheyareapprox.6monthsold.

.IdentifyeachDidiboarwithatag（DD+#）.Recordtheassignednumber,tattoo,yearletterandbreed.

.Allowtheseboarstobreedcullgiltsatleasttwice,onthethirdbreedingassigntheboaravirgingilt,collecteitherinaStyrofoamcuporallowtobreedandswabthegiltintravaginally,applytheswab

toamicroscopeslidewiththeboarnumber.Packageeachslideinaseparatelyidentifiedenvelopeandforwardforcertification.

.Changeglovesbetweenboarsbeingcollected.

.Filetheboarcertificateintherecordsoffice.

.Aftertheboariscertifieditcanbevaccinated,Suvaxyn,ParvoandErys.

.IfanyDidiboarsaredesignatedforsaletocustomersforuseintheirgiltdevelopmentprograms,theuseofspecialvaccinationsforthatcustomermustbecarriedout.

GUIDETOFOSTERINGPIGLETS.

.Countfunctionalteats,recordthenumberonsowcard.Don’tcountinvertedorblindteats,andthelasttwosmallteats（betweenherlegs）shouldbecountedasone.Pigsmayonlybemovedduringthefirst24hoursoflife.

.Movethebiggestandstrongestpigletsfromalitter.Theseadapttoanewlittereasier.Smallerruntsorstarveoutscanbeputtogetherononegoodmilkingsowatday10-12.

.Movepigletsfromasowthatdoesnothaveenoughfunctionalteatsontoonethathasmorefunctionalteatsthanthenumberofherownpiglets.

.Onadaythatyouhavemorepigletsbornthannumberoffunctionalteats,youcanleaveextrapigletsonasowovernightandfosterthoseextrapigletsoffontonewlyfarrowedsowsthenextday.Youmayalsomovepigletsontoasowthathas